Mt Simulation Examination 1
This is a Simulated Examination for Gulf Medtech/Labtech Examinations taken from Last Month's HAAD Feedbacks.
This examination contains 100 of the most UPDATED EXAMS from Abu Dhabi, KSA, and UAE.
Take this examination for 120 minutes. You need to get 86% to pass the HAAD. 60% to pass MOH, DHA, or Prometrics.
Please text 0919-286-29-29 in the Philippines or visit our website www. Rtonline. Weebly. Com THIS IS YOUR ASSESSMENT FOR ANY GULF RT EXAMINATIONS INCLUDING HAAD MT, SAUDI PROMETRICS, DUBAI DHA, AND UAE MOH. THE QUESTIONS HERE ARE TAKEN FROM THIS ACTUAL EXAMINATIONS, SO PASSING THIS Read moreASSESSMENT EXAM WILL GIVE YOU A HIGH PROBABILITY OF PASSING THE SAID EXAMINATIONS
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is caused by Malassezia furfur?
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Otomycosis
- C.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- D.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Tinea Barbae
Correct Answer
C. Pityriasis (Tinea) VersicolorExplanation
Malassezia furfur is a type of fungus that causes Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor. This condition is characterized by the development of discolored patches on the skin, usually on the chest, back, and upper arms. The fungus disrupts the normal pigmentation of the skin, leading to the appearance of lighter or darker patches. Pityriasis Versicolor is not contagious but can be recurrent and is commonly seen in warm and humid climates. Treatment usually involves the use of antifungal medications, such as topical creams or oral medications, to eliminate the fungus and restore the normal color of the skin.Rate this question:
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- 2.
This is a monomorphic mold that causes cutaneous mycoses of the glaborus skin of the face. Doesn't involve the hair on the face.
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Otomycosis
- C.
Tinea Corporis
- D.
Tinea Barbae
- E.
Tinea Capitis Ecothothrix
Correct Answer
A. Tinea FacieiExplanation
Tinea Faciei is the correct answer because it refers to a fungal infection that affects the glabrous skin of the face. Glabrous skin refers to the smooth, hairless skin found on the face, as opposed to the hairy areas such as the scalp or beard. This infection is caused by a monomorphic mold and is characterized by red, scaly patches on the face. The other options, such as Otomycosis (fungal infection of the ear), Tinea Corporis (fungal infection of the body), Tinea Barbae (fungal infection of the beard), and Tinea Capitis Ecothothrix (fungal infection of the scalp), do not specifically involve the glabrous skin of the face.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the treatment for Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor?
- A.
Fluconazole
- B.
Terbinafine
- C.
Griseofulvin
- D.
Miconazole
- E.
Ketoconazole
Correct Answer
E. KetoconazoleExplanation
Ketoconazole is the correct treatment for Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor. Pityriasis versicolor is a fungal infection of the skin caused by the yeast Malassezia. Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that works by inhibiting the growth of the yeast. It is available in various forms such as creams, shampoos, and oral tablets. Ketoconazole effectively treats Pityriasis versicolor by eliminating the yeast and reducing the associated symptoms like itching, scaling, and discoloration of the skin.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following shows partial protective immunity?
- A.
Tinea Pedis
- B.
Tinea Faciei
- C.
Pseudallescheriasis
- D.
Otomycosis
- E.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
Correct Answer
B. Tinea FacieiExplanation
Tinea faciei shows partial protective immunity. Tinea faciei is a fungal infection that affects the face and is caused by dermatophytes. When a person develops tinea faciei, their immune system responds by producing antibodies and immune cells to fight against the infection. This immune response provides partial protection against future infections of tinea faciei, meaning that the person may be less likely to develop the infection again or may experience milder symptoms if reinfected. However, this protective immunity is not complete, as it only provides partial protection.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Otomycosis is NOT part of which species?
- A.
Aspergillus
- B.
Trichophyton
- C.
Penicillin
- D.
Mucor
- E.
Rhizopus
Correct Answer
B. TrichophytonExplanation
Trichophyton is a genus of fungi that causes various types of dermatophytosis, including athlete's foot, ringworm, and jock itch. Otomycosis, on the other hand, is a fungal infection of the external ear canal, typically caused by Aspergillus or Candida species. Therefore, Otomycosis is not part of the Trichophyton species.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which is an oppurtunistic mold, saprophytic, monomorphic mold that causes superficial infections of the outer ear?
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Otomycosis
- C.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- D.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Tinea Barbae
Correct Answer
B. OtomycosisExplanation
Otomycosis is an opportunistic mold that causes superficial infections of the outer ear. It is characterized by the growth of molds such as Aspergillus and Candida in the ear canal. This condition is commonly seen in individuals with a history of frequent water exposure, such as swimmers or individuals who use hearing aids. Otomycosis can cause symptoms such as itching, pain, discharge, and hearing loss. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications to eliminate the fungal infection.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following DOES NOT have an incubation period of 10 to 14 days (2wks)?
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Tinea Barbae
- C.
Tinea Corporis
- D.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Tinea Unguium
Correct Answer
E. Tinea UnguiumExplanation
Tinea Unguium is the correct answer because it does not have an incubation period of 10 to 14 days. Tinea Unguium, also known as onychomycosis or nail fungus, is a fungal infection that affects the nails. The incubation period for this condition can vary and is typically longer than 14 days. It can take weeks or even months for symptoms to appear after exposure to the fungus. Therefore, Tinea Unguium does not fit the criteria of having an incubation period of 10 to 14 days.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following require re-treatment for chronic, relapsing leasions?
- A.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- B.
Tinea Faciei
- C.
Tinea Barbae
- D.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Otomycosis
Correct Answer
A. Pityriasis (Tinea) VersicolorExplanation
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor requires re-treatment for chronic, relapsing lesions because it is a fungal infection that affects the skin, causing discolored patches. The infection is caused by a type of yeast called Malassezia, which is naturally present on the skin but can overgrow and cause symptoms in some individuals. Pityriasis Versicolor often recurs after treatment because the yeast can persist in the skin and re-infect the affected areas. Therefore, re-treatment is necessary to effectively manage the condition and prevent relapses.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which is not a predisposing factor for Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor?
- A.
Use of lipid emulsions and illness
- B.
Malnutrition and low electrolytes
- C.
High Temperature and humity
- D.
High cortisol levels
Correct Answer
B. Malnutrition and low electrolytesExplanation
All are correct except for low electrolytesRate this question:
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- 10.
Infection occurs when this lipophilic fungus feeds on the skin oil and removes the stratum corneum layer resulting in a squamous cell turnover of outer epithelium?
- A.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- B.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- C.
Otomycosis
- D.
Rhodotorulosis
- E.
Candidiasis
Correct Answer
B. Pityriasis (Tinea) VersicolorExplanation
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor is a fungal infection caused by a lipophilic fungus that feeds on skin oil and removes the outer layer of the skin (stratum corneum). This leads to a turnover of squamous cells in the outer epithelium. Therefore, Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is found worldwide in the soil?
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Otomycosis
- C.
Tinea Endothrix
- D.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
Correct Answer
B. OtomycosisExplanation
Otomycosis is a fungal infection that affects the ear canal. It is caused by various fungi and can be found worldwide in the soil. This infection occurs when these fungi enter the ear canal and multiply, leading to symptoms such as itching, pain, and discharge. Therefore, otomycosis is the correct answer as it is a condition that can be found in soil worldwide.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following can result in hair loss?
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- C.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- D.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- E.
Tinea Manuum
Correct Answer(s)
B. Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
C. Tinea Capitis EndothrixExplanation
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix and Tinea Capitis Endothrix can both result in hair loss. Tinea Capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp that can cause hair loss, and it can be classified as either ectothrix or endothrix depending on the location of the fungal spores. In ectothrix infections, the fungal spores are found on the outside of the hair shaft, leading to hair breakage and loss. In endothrix infections, the fungal spores are inside the hair shaft, causing the hair to become brittle and break off. Both types of Tinea Capitis can result in hair loss.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the incubation period for Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor?
- A.
Days
- B.
Two wks
- C.
Unknown
- D.
Months
- E.
Years
Correct Answer
A. DaysExplanation
The incubation period for Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor is typically a few days. This refers to the time it takes for the infection to develop after being exposed to the causative fungus. It is important to note that the exact duration may vary from person to person, but it is generally a relatively short period of time.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following if found in Africa and Europe?
- A.
Tinea Barbae
- B.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- C.
Tinea Favosa
- D.
Tinea Faciei
- E.
Tinea Manuum
Correct Answer
C. Tinea FavosaExplanation
Tinea Favosa is a fungal infection that can be found in both Africa and Europe. It is characterized by the formation of thick, yellowish crusts on the scalp, which can cause hair loss and scarring if left untreated. The infection is caused by a fungus called Trichophyton schoenleinii and is more commonly found in rural areas with poor hygiene practices. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications and good personal hygiene to prevent further spread of the infection.Rate this question:
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- 15.
I am an African American woman and I present with pinkish-white patches on the skin of my upper body. What do I have?
- A.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- B.
Tinea Favosa
- C.
Otomycosis
- D.
Tinea Barbae
- E.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
Correct Answer
A. Pityriasis (Tinea) VersicolorExplanation
The pinkish-white patches on the skin of the upper body are indicative of Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor. This condition is a fungal infection caused by the yeast Malassezia furfur. It commonly affects individuals with oily skin and is more prevalent in hot and humid climates. The patches may be more noticeable in individuals with darker skin tones, such as African Americans. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, such as topical creams or oral medications, to eliminate the yeast and restore the normal color of the skin.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Infection of Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor are most common between?
- A.
Adolescence and Elderly
- B.
Adolescence and Middle Age
- C.
Middle Age and Elderly
- D.
Neonates and Adolescence
- E.
Middle Age and Neonates
Correct Answer
B. Adolescence and Middle AgeExplanation
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor is a fungal infection that is caused by the overgrowth of a type of yeast on the skin. It is most commonly seen in individuals who have oily skin or live in hot, humid climates. Adolescence and middle age are the periods of life when hormonal changes occur, leading to increased oil production in the skin. This excess oil provides an ideal environment for the yeast to grow and cause an infection. Therefore, the infection of Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor is most common between adolescence and middle age.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What are the incidence rates of Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor?
- A.
45-65%
- B.
40-60%
- C.
20-40%
- D.
40-50%
- E.
50-70%
Correct Answer
B. 40-60%Explanation
The correct answer is 40-60%. This range represents the incidence rates of Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor, a common fungal infection of the skin. Incidence rates refer to the number of new cases of a disease that occur within a specific population over a defined period of time. In the case of Pityriasis Versicolor, it is estimated that 40-60% of individuals may experience this condition at some point in their lives.Rate this question:
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- 18.
KOH/PAS staining of skin scrapings show short, stubby hyphae and globose budding yeast cells (spaghetti and meatballs)
- A.
Tinea Favosa
- B.
Tinea Faciei
- C.
Otomycosis
- D.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- E.
Tinea Barbae
Correct Answer
D. Pityriasis (Tinea) VersicolorExplanation
The given answer, Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor, is correct because the description of "short, stubby hyphae and globose budding yeast cells" is characteristic of this fungal infection. Pityriasis versicolor is caused by the yeast Malassezia furfur and typically presents with hypo- or hyperpigmented patches on the skin. The "spaghetti and meatballs" appearance refers to the combination of hyphae and yeast cells seen on microscopic examination, which is a distinguishing feature of this condition.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Infection with this can develop into itchy papules and pustules (inflammation of hair follicles or the lacrimal sac) or atopic dermatitis on the back and upper trunk.
- A.
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor
- B.
Tinea Barbae
- C.
Tinea Favosa
- D.
Otomycosis
- E.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
Correct Answer
A. Pityriasis (Tinea) VersicolorExplanation
Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor is a fungal infection that can cause itchy papules and pustules, as well as inflammation of hair follicles or the lacrimal sac. It can also lead to atopic dermatitis on the back and upper trunk. This infection is caused by a type of yeast called Malassezia, which is normally found on the skin but can overgrow and cause symptoms in certain conditions. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications applied to the affected areas.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Most infections of this mold resolve rapidly and spontaneously.
- A.
Tinea Faciei
- B.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- C.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- D.
Tinea Barbae
- E.
Tinea Corporis
Correct Answer
C. Tinea Capitis EctothrixExplanation
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix is the correct answer because it is a fungal infection of the scalp caused by dermatophytes that infect the hair shaft externally. This type of infection usually resolves quickly and spontaneously without the need for specific treatment.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Griseofulvin is used for all of the following except?
- A.
Tinea Barbae
- B.
Tinea Corporis
- C.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- D.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- E.
Tinea Faciei
Correct Answer(s)
B. Tinea Corporis
E. Tinea FacieiExplanation
Griseofulvin is an antifungal medication used to treat various types of fungal infections. Tinea corporis and tinea faciei are both types of fungal infections that can be effectively treated with griseofulvin. Therefore, the correct answer is that griseofulvin is not used for tinea corporis or tinea faciei.Rate this question:
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- 22.
In this infection conidia and hyphae are seen inside hair shafts on the KOH/PAS stains.
- A.
Tinea Corporis
- B.
Tinea Faciei
- C.
Tinea Barbae
- D.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
Correct Answer
E. Tinea Capitis EndothrixExplanation
In tinea capitis, which is a fungal infection of the scalp, the causative organism invades the hair shafts. The term "endothrix" refers to the fact that the infection occurs within the hair shaft. On KOH/PAS stains, which are commonly used to visualize fungal elements, both conidia (asexual spores) and hyphae (fungal filaments) can be observed inside the hair shafts. This finding is characteristic of tinea capitis caused by endothrix fungi.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Non-infective, cutaneous allergic reactions can occur as a result of this infection.
- A.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- B.
Tinea Favosa
- C.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- D.
Tinea Faciei
- E.
Tinea Barbae
Correct Answer
A. Tinea Capitis EndothrixExplanation
Non-infective, cutaneous allergic reactions can occur as a result of Tinea Capitis Endothrix infection. Tinea Capitis Endothrix is a fungal infection of the scalp caused by dermatophytes that invade the hair shaft. It typically presents with scaling, itching, and hair loss. In some cases, individuals may develop an allergic reaction to the fungal infection, leading to non-infective, cutaneous allergic reactions.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A chronic infection that can persist through adult life.
- A.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- B.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- C.
Tinea Barbae
- D.
Tinea Corporis
- E.
Tinea Favosa
Correct Answer
B. Tinea Capitis EndothrixExplanation
Tinea Capitis Endothrix is the correct answer because it refers to a chronic infection that can persist throughout adulthood. Tinea Capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp, and Endothrix specifically means that the fungus grows inside the hair shaft. This type of infection can be difficult to treat and may require long-term management.Rate this question:
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- 25.
This is also known as gray-patch ringworm that is a prepubertal infection of the scalp, eyelashes and eyebrows.
- A.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- B.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- C.
Tinea Faciei
- D.
Tinea Corporis
- E.
Tinea Favosa
Correct Answer
A. Tinea Capitis EctothrixExplanation
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix is the correct answer because it refers to a type of fungal infection that affects the scalp, eyelashes, and eyebrows, primarily in prepubertal children. This infection is characterized by the presence of gray patches or scaly areas on the affected areas. The term "ectothrix" indicates that the fungal infection involves the external surface of the hair shaft.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What is the treatment for Tinea Capitis Ectothrix?
- A.
Fluconazole
- B.
Griseofluvin
- C.
Terbinafine
- D.
Ketoconazole
- E.
Miconazole
Correct Answer
B. GriseofluvinExplanation
Griseofluvin is the correct treatment for Tinea Capitis Ectothrix. Tinea Capitis Ectothrix is a fungal infection of the scalp and hair shafts caused by certain species of fungi called dermatophytes. Griseofluvin is an antifungal medication that works by inhibiting the growth of these fungi. It is specifically effective against dermatophytes and is commonly used to treat fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails. Other antifungal medications like fluconazole, terbinafine, ketoconazole, and miconazole may be used to treat other types of fungal infections, but griseofluvin is the preferred treatment for Tinea Capitis Ectothrix.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Chains of macroconidia and hyphae are seen on hair shafts treated with KOH/PAS stains.
- A.
Tinea Barbae
- B.
Tinea Corporis
- C.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- D.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- E.
Tinea Faciei
Correct Answer
C. Tinea Capitis EctothrixExplanation
The presence of chains of macroconidia and hyphae on hair shafts treated with KOH/PAS stains is indicative of Tinea Capitis Ectothrix. Tinea Capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp and hair shafts, and it can be classified as either ectothrix or endothrix based on the location of the fungal spores. In ectothrix infections, the fungal spores are present on the outside of the hair shafts, forming chains or clusters. This is in contrast to endothrix infections where the spores are within the hair shafts. Therefore, the presence of chains of macroconidia and hyphae on hair shafts suggests Tinea Capitis Ectothrix.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of the following is true concerning Tinea Capitis Ectothrix?
- A.
Male infection and female infection common before puberty
- B.
Male infection and female infection common after puberty
- C.
Male infection common before puberty and female infections common after puberty
- D.
Male infection common after puberty and female infections common before puberty
Correct Answer
C. Male infection common before puberty and female infections common after pubertyExplanation
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix is a fungal infection of the scalp caused by certain species of fungi called dermatophytes. This type of infection is more common in children, especially before puberty, which is why male infection is common before puberty. However, after puberty, hormonal changes in females may make them more susceptible to the infection, leading to female infections becoming more common after puberty.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Lesions begin as coalesced papules in a ring form and can develop into kerions (boddy areas of massive inflammation or keloids (scars produced by collagen deposition).
- A.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- B.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- C.
Tinea Faciei
- D.
Tinea Barbae
- E.
Tinea Corporis
Correct Answer
B. Tinea Capitis EctothrixExplanation
The given correct answer is "Tinea Capitis Ectothrix." Tinea Capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp, and it can be caused by different types of fungi. Ectothrix refers to the type of infection where the fungus infects the hair shaft externally, forming spores around the hair shaft. This type of infection is characterized by lesions that begin as coalesced papules in a ring form and can develop into kerions or keloids. Therefore, Tinea Capitis Ectothrix is the most appropriate answer based on the given information.Rate this question:
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- 30.
I am not transmitted from person to person or by animals?
- A.
Histoplasmosis
- B.
Coccidioidomycosis
- C.
Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor
- D.
Tinea Manuun
- E.
Tinea Faciei
Correct Answer
B. CoccidioidomycosisExplanation
Coccidioidomycosis is caused by a fungus called Coccidioides, which is commonly found in soil in certain regions. The infection occurs when people inhale the fungal spores present in the air. It is not transmitted from person to person or by animals. Therefore, this explains why Coccidioidomycosis is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 31.
This is a dimorphic fungus found in arid and semiarid regions SW United States, Central America and S. America in the soil.
- A.
Coccidioidomycosis
- B.
Histoplasmosis
- C.
Mucormycosis
- D.
Onychomycosis
- E.
Aspergillosis
Correct Answer
A. CoccidioidomycosisExplanation
Coccidioidomycosis is caused by a dimorphic fungus that is commonly found in arid and semiarid regions of the southwestern United States, Central America, and South America. The fungus resides in the soil in these regions. Coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley fever, is an infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. The symptoms of this disease can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe pneumonia. It is important to be aware of this fungus and take necessary precautions when traveling or residing in these regions to prevent infection.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which is not true of the transmission of Tinea Capitis Ectothrix?
- A.
Can be transmitted from person to person
- B.
Can be transmitted by contaminated fomites
- C.
Can be transmitted by non-human mammals
- D.
Can be transmitted by aerial dissemination
- E.
Can be transmitted by kissing
Correct Answer
E. Can be transmitted by kissingExplanation
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix cannot be transmitted by kissing. This type of fungal infection is typically transmitted from person to person, through contaminated fomites (objects or materials that can carry the infection), and through aerial dissemination (inhalation of fungal spores in the air). It can also be transmitted by non-human mammals, such as cats and dogs. However, kissing is not a known mode of transmission for this infection.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Monomorphic molds that cause cutaneous mycoses of the scalp and belong to the microsporum species.
- A.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- B.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- C.
Tinea Faciei
- D.
Tinea Barbae
- E.
Tinea Corporis
Correct Answer
B. Tinea Capitis EctothrixExplanation
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix refers to a type of fungal infection that affects the scalp. It is caused by monomorphic molds belonging to the microsporum species. In this condition, the fungal infection is primarily external, with the fungi growing around the hair shafts. This is in contrast to Tinea Capitis Endothrix, where the fungi invade the hair shafts internally. Tinea Faciei refers to a fungal infection of the face, Tinea Barbae refers to a fungal infection of the beard area, and Tinea Corporis refers to a fungal infection of the body.Rate this question:
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- 34.
I am a pale white person and I present with red, brownish, blotchy, scaly, painless, hypopigmented or hyperpigmented patches on the skin of my upper body? What do I have?
- A.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
- B.
Tinea Favosa
- C.
Tinea Faciei
- D.
Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor
- E.
Otomycosis
Correct Answer
D. Pityriasis (tinea) versicolorExplanation
The correct answer is Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor. Pityriasis versicolor is a common fungal infection of the skin caused by the yeast Malassezia. It typically presents with red, brownish, blotchy, scaly, painless, hypopigmented or hyperpigmented patches on the upper body, especially the chest and back. The condition is more common in individuals with oily skin or in hot and humid climates. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications applied topically or taken orally.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which of the following infects humans and animals but humans and animals are not reserviors?
- A.
Humans and animals are always reserviors
- B.
Otomycosis
- C.
Tinea Barbae
- D.
Tinea Faciei
- E.
Tina Capitis Ectothrix
Correct Answer
B. OtomycosisExplanation
Otomycosis is a fungal infection that affects the external ear canal. While it can infect both humans and animals, neither humans nor animals are considered reservoirs for this infection. Reservoirs are organisms that harbor and spread the infection to others, but in the case of otomycosis, the infection is usually acquired from the environment rather than from other individuals. Therefore, otomycosis does not rely on humans or animals as reservoirs for its transmission.Rate this question:
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- 36.
KOH preps of the exudate reveal fragments of mycelium with or without branches and septa?
- A.
Tinea Capitis Ectothrix
- B.
Tinea Barbae
- C.
Tinea Faciei
- D.
Otomycosis
- E.
Pityrasis (tinea) versicolor
Correct Answer
D. OtomycosisExplanation
The presence of fragments of mycelium with or without branches and septa in the KOH preps of the exudate suggests the diagnosis of Otomycosis. Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the external ear canal, typically caused by Aspergillus or Candida species. The presence of mycelium fragments indicates the presence of fungal elements, which is characteristic of Otomycosis. The other options listed are different types of fungal infections that typically do not present with mycelium fragments in the KOH preps.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Itching, pain, inflammation, loss of hearing and serous secretions of a chronic infection of the external ear is characterized by?
- A.
Otomycosis
- B.
Tinea Faciei
- C.
Tinea Barbae
- D.
Tinea Favosa
- E.
Histoplasmosis
Correct Answer
A. OtomycosisExplanation
Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the external ear. It is characterized by symptoms such as itching, pain, inflammation, loss of hearing, and serous secretions. This condition is caused by the invasion of fungi, usually Aspergillus or Candida species, into the ear canal. Treatment typically involves antifungal medications to eliminate the infection and alleviate the associated symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 38.
I am transmitted by contact with contaminated fomites. Select all that apply.
- A.
Otomycosis
- B.
Tinea Faciei
- C.
Pityrasis (tinea) versicolor
- D.
Tinea capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Tinea Barbae
Correct Answer(s)
A. Otomycosis
B. Tinea Faciei
C. Pityrasis (tinea) versicolor
D. Tinea capitis Ectothrix
E. Tinea BarbaeExplanation
The correct answer is Otomycosis, Tinea Faciei, Pityrasis (tinea) versicolor, Tinea capitis Ectothrix, Tinea Barbae. These conditions are all fungal infections that can be transmitted through contact with contaminated fomites, which are objects or surfaces that can carry and spread the fungi. Otomycosis is a fungal infection of the ear, Tinea Faciei is a fungal infection of the face, Pityrasis (tinea) versicolor is a fungal infection of the skin, Tinea capitis Ectothrix is a fungal infection of the scalp, and Tinea Barbae is a fungal infection of the beard area.Rate this question:
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- 39.
A patient comes into the doctor's office and their external auditory meatus contains large masses of epithelial debris containing fungi and/or bacteria and fungi. What does the patient have?
- A.
Otomycosis
- B.
Tinea Favosa
- C.
Pityrasis (tinea) versicolor
- D.
Tina Capitis Ectothrix
- E.
Tinea Capitis Endothrix
Correct Answer
A. OtomycosisExplanation
The patient has otomycosis, which is a fungal infection of the external auditory meatus. This is indicated by the presence of large masses of epithelial debris containing fungi and/or bacteria and fungi. Otomycosis commonly occurs due to the overgrowth of Candida or Aspergillus species in the ear canal. It can cause symptoms such as itching, pain, discharge, and hearing loss. Treatment typically involves the use of antifungal medications to eliminate the infection.Rate this question:
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- 40.
A dimorphic mold that produces subcutaneous infection.
- A.
Psedallescheriasis
- B.
Sporotrichosis
- C.
Rhodotorulosis
- D.
Cryptococcosis
- E.
Pneumocystosis
Correct Answer
B. SporotrichosisExplanation
Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous infection caused by a dimorphic mold. This infection typically occurs when the mold enters the body through a cut or puncture wound. The mold can then spread through the lymphatic system, causing nodules or ulcers to form on the skin. Sporotrichosis is commonly associated with occupational or recreational activities that involve contact with plants or soil, such as gardening or farming. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications.Rate this question:
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- 41.
A monomorphic mold that produces subcutaneous infections.
- A.
Pneumocystosis
- B.
Sporotrichosis
- C.
Rhodotorulosis
- D.
Psedallescheriasis
- E.
Cryptococcosis
Correct Answer
D. PsedallescheriasisExplanation
Psedallescheriasis is caused by the fungus Pseudallescheria boydii, which is a monomorphic mold. It is known to cause subcutaneous infections in humans. Therefore, Psedallescheriasis is the correct answer for the given description.Rate this question:
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- 42.
PAS tissue stains show chlamydospores in asteroid bodies and cigar shaped budding yeast forms in pus filles granulomas.
- A.
Psedallescheriasis
- B.
Cryptococcosis
- C.
Sporotrichosis
- D.
Pneumocystosis
- E.
Rhodotorulosis
Correct Answer
C. SporotrichosisExplanation
The correct answer is Sporotrichosis. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii. PAS tissue stains can be used to identify chlamydospores in asteroid bodies and cigar-shaped budding yeast forms, which are characteristic of Sporothrix schenckii infection. This staining pattern helps differentiate sporotrichosis from other fungal infections such as Psedallescheriasis, Cryptococcosis, Pneumocystosis, and Rhodotorulosis.Rate this question:
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- 43.
What is used to treat Otomycosis along with a wax hook to remove exudate?
- A.
Griseofulvin
- B.
Miconazole
- C.
Ketoconazole
- D.
Terbinafine
- E.
Floconazole
Correct Answer
C. KetoconazoleExplanation
Ketoconazole is used to treat Otomycosis, a fungal infection of the ear. Along with a wax hook to remove exudate, ketoconazole helps in eliminating the fungal infection by inhibiting the growth of fungi. It is an antifungal medication that works by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of the fungal cell membrane. This disruption weakens the cell membrane, leading to the death of the fungus. Therefore, ketoconazole is an effective treatment option for Otomycosis when used in combination with a wax hook to remove the exudate.Rate this question:
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- 44.
What is the treatment for Tinea Faciei?
- A.
Griseofluvin
- B.
Miconazole
- C.
Ketoconazole
- D.
Terbinafine
- E.
Fluconazole
Correct Answer
B. MiconazoleExplanation
Miconazole is a commonly used antifungal medication that is effective in treating Tinea Faciei, which is a fungal infection of the face. It works by inhibiting the growth of fungi and preventing their spread. Miconazole is available in various forms such as creams, powders, and sprays, making it convenient for topical application on the affected area. It is generally well-tolerated and has a low risk of side effects. Overall, Miconazole is a suitable treatment option for Tinea Faciei.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The close association or living together of organisms of different species.
- A.
Normal flora
- B.
Symbiosis
- C.
Commensalism
- D.
Mutualism
- E.
Parasitism
Correct Answer
B. SymbiosisExplanation
Symbiosis refers to the close association or living together of organisms of different species. It is a relationship where both organisms benefit from each other. This can include mutualism, where both organisms benefit, or commensalism, where one organism benefits while the other is unaffected. It can also involve parasitism, where one organism benefits at the expense of the other. Symbiosis is a broad term that encompasses various types of interactions between different species.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which statement is false?
- A.
Tinea manuum KOH?PAS preps of skin scraping show masses of hyphae and macroconidia
- B.
Tinea manuum infection begins where there is maceration of the skin due to occupational activities
- C.
Tinea manuum is most prevalent in males and associated with Tinea Corporis
- D.
Tinea unguium is usually associated with Tinea pedis or Tinea manuum
Correct Answer
C. Tinea manuum is most prevalent in males and associated with Tinea CorporisExplanation
The statement "Tinea manuum is most prevalent in males and associated with Tinea Corporis" is false. Tinea manuum is a fungal infection of the hand, and it is not more prevalent in males. It can be associated with Tinea Corporis (fungal infection of the body), but this association is not exclusive to males. Tinea unguium, on the other hand, is a fungal infection of the nails and is commonly associated with Tinea pedis (fungal infection of the foot) or Tinea manuum.Rate this question:
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- 47.
An obligatory relationship in which one organism, the parasite, is metabolically dependent on another organism, the host. The host is usually harmed.
- A.
Normal flora
- B.
Symbiosis
- C.
Commensalism
- D.
Mutualism
- E.
Parasitism
Correct Answer
E. ParasitismExplanation
Parasitism is the correct answer because it describes a relationship in which one organism, the parasite, depends on another organism, the host, for its metabolic needs. In this relationship, the host is usually harmed. This distinguishes it from other options like symbiosis, commensalism, and mutualism, which do not necessarily involve harm to the host.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Type of symbiosis in which both host and parasite benefit.
- A.
Normal Flora
- B.
Symbiosis
- C.
Commensalism
- D.
Mutualism
- E.
Parasitism
Correct Answer
D. MutualismExplanation
Mutualism is a type of symbiosis in which both the host and the parasite benefit. In this relationship, both organisms rely on each other for survival and gain advantages from the interaction. Unlike parasitism, where one organism benefits at the expense of the other, mutualism is a cooperative relationship where both parties benefit. Normal flora refers to the microorganisms that live on or inside the body without causing harm, while commensalism is a type of symbiosis where one organism benefits while the other is unaffected.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Organisms that are normally and consistently found in or on the body in the absence of disease
- A.
Normal Flora
- B.
Symbiosis
- C.
Commensalism
- D.
Mutualism
- E.
Parasitism
Correct Answer
A. Normal FloraExplanation
Normal flora refers to the microorganisms that live on or in the body without causing disease. These organisms are typically found in specific areas of the body, such as the skin, mouth, and intestines. They have a mutually beneficial relationship with the host, as they provide certain benefits such as aiding in digestion and preventing the growth of harmful bacteria. The presence of normal flora is essential for maintaining the overall health and balance of the body.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which of the following is treated with Terbinafine? Select all that apply.
- A.
Tinea Corporis
- B.
Tinea Unguium
- C.
Tinea Cruris
- D.
Tinea Manuum
- E.
Tinea Pedis
Correct Answer(s)
A. Tinea Corporis
B. Tinea Unguium
C. Tinea Cruris
E. Tinea PedisExplanation
Terbinafine is a medication used to treat fungal infections. Tinea Corporis, Tinea Unguium, Tinea Cruris, and Tinea Pedis are all types of fungal infections that can be effectively treated with Terbinafine. Therefore, the correct answer is Tinea Corporis, Tinea Unguium, Tinea Cruris, and Tinea Pedis.Rate this question:
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