Medical Term Quiz Questions Part - 14

Explanation
World Diabetes Day was founded in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation and the World Health Organization to inform people about diabetes around the world.It is celebrated on Nov 14.

Explanation
The herald patch is a characteristic symptom of pityriasis rosea. Pityriasis rosea is a common skin condition that causes a rash to develop on the body. The rash typically starts with a single large, oval-shaped patch called the herald patch, which is usually pink or red in color. This patch is followed by smaller patches that spread across the body in a pattern resembling the branches of a Christmas tree. Other symptoms of pityriasis rosea may include itching, fatigue, and mild fever. The condition usually resolves on its own within a few weeks to months.

Explanation
Rigler's sign refers to the visualization of both sides of the bowel wall due to the presence of gas within the peritoneal cavity. This can be seen on imaging studies such as X-rays or CT scans. Pneumoperitoneum, which is the presence of air or gas in the peritoneal cavity, can cause Rigler's sign. Therefore, the correct answer is pneumoperitoneum. Ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and megacolon are not typically associated with Rigler's sign.

Explanation
The Dennie-Morgan fold refers to an extra fold of skin that appears under the lower eyelid. It is commonly seen in individuals with atopic dermatitis, a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. Atopic dermatitis often affects the face, including the area around the eyes, leading to the development of the Dennie-Morgan fold. Dermatomyositis, SLE, and psoriasis vulgaris do not typically present with this specific skin finding.

Explanation
Adequate recovery of neuromuscular function after reversal is indicated by the ability of the patient to perform a head-lift for 3 seconds. This demonstrates that the patient has regained sufficient strength and control of their neck and upper body muscles. Minute volume, respiratory rate, and tidal volume are all measures of respiratory function and do not directly assess neuromuscular recovery.

Explanation
A person who is very rigid, inflexible, and loves order and discipline can be categorized as Anankastic. This term refers to individuals who have an obsessive-compulsive personality disorder characterized by a strong need for control, perfectionism, and strict adherence to rules and routines. They often have a strong desire for order and may struggle with flexibility and adaptability in various aspects of their lives.

Explanation
The 4th heart sound, also known as S4, is caused by ventricular filling. During ventricular filling, the atria contract to push blood into the ventricles. This causes the ventricles to stretch and expand, creating a sound that can be heard as S4. It is typically heard just before the first heart sound (S1) and is often associated with conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and stiff ventricles.

Explanation
Amytal is not an inhibitor of cytochrome oxidase. It is a barbiturate drug that acts as a central nervous system depressant. Cytochrome oxidase inhibitors, on the other hand, are substances that interfere with the function of cytochrome oxidase, an enzyme involved in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration. Examples of cytochrome oxidase inhibitors include carbon monoxide, cyanide, and azide.

Explanation
The stomach derives its blood supply from the superior mesenteric artery. This artery is responsible for supplying blood to the small intestine, cecum, ascending colon, and part of the transverse colon. It does not directly supply blood to the stomach, but it does provide collateral circulation to the stomach through its branches. These branches form an anastomotic network with other arteries, such as the left gastric artery (a branch of the celiac artery), which ultimately supplies blood to the stomach. Therefore, while the celiac artery indirectly contributes to the blood supply of the stomach, the superior mesenteric artery is the primary source.

Explanation
Bell's palsy is a condition characterized by the sudden onset of facial paralysis, typically affecting one side of the face. The correct answer, LMN VII nerve, refers to the facial nerve, which is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression. In Bell's palsy, there is damage or inflammation of the facial nerve, leading to weakness or paralysis of the affected muscles. This results in drooping of the affected side of the face, difficulty closing the eye, and other facial asymmetries.