Module Two Quiz

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  • 1/10 Questions

    An example of the Vygotsky notion of scaffolding would be

    • Students taking a test
    • A teacher passing out new supplies
    • A mother helping a child learn to ride a bike
    • A father taking his children for a ride in the car
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About This Quiz

This quiz covers key concepts in developmental psychology, focusing on Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories, including stages of cognitive development, adaptation, and scaffolding.

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  • 2. 

    The process of using or adjusting schemes in response to the environment by means of assimilation and accommodation is called  

    • Structuring

    • Organization

    • Adaptation

    • Construction

    Correct Answer
    A. Adaptation
    Explanation
    Adaptation refers to the process of using or adjusting schemes in response to the environment. It involves assimilation, which is the process of incorporating new information into existing schemes, and accommodation, which is the process of modifying existing schemes to fit new information. This process allows individuals to adapt to new situations and acquire new knowledge and skills.

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  • 3. 

    According to Kohlberg, for individuals operating at which level of moral development is morality defined in terms of cooperation with peers?

    • Postconventional

    • Conventional

    • Preconventional

    • Unconventional

    Correct Answer
    A. Conventional
    Explanation
    According to Kohlberg, individuals operating at the conventional level of moral development define morality in terms of cooperation with peers. This means that their moral judgments are based on societal norms, expectations, and the approval of others. They prioritize maintaining social order and following rules to gain acceptance and avoid disapproval from their peers.

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  • 4. 

    Which cognitive stage and characteristic are children showing when they believe that everyone sees the world exactly as they do? 

    • Preoperational stage; egocentric thought

    • Preoperational stage; centration

    • Concrete operational stage; egocentric thought

    • Concrete operational stage; centration

    Correct Answer
    A. Preoperational stage; egocentric thought
    Explanation
    During the preoperational stage, children show egocentric thought, which means they believe that everyone sees the world exactly as they do. This is because they have not yet developed the ability to understand that others may have different perspectives or thoughts. They are unable to take on the viewpoint of others and can only see things from their own perspective. This egocentric thinking is a characteristic of the preoperational stage of cognitive development.

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  • 5. 

    A student is caught walking about during a test, a behavior that breaks a class rule. Another student in Piaget's autonomous stage of morality is likely to react in which of the following ways? 

    • Listen to the offender's rationale for the behavior

    • View any punishment as deserved

    • Side with the teacher's decision

    • Protect the offender, regardless of circumstances

    Correct Answer
    A. Listen to the offender's rationale for the behavior
    Explanation
    In Piaget's autonomous stage of morality, children develop a sense of fairness and begin to understand that rules can be questioned and negotiated. Therefore, a student in this stage is likely to react by listening to the offender's rationale for the behavior. They would be interested in understanding the reasons behind the behavior and would be open to considering different perspectives before making a judgment. This response aligns with the characteristics of moral autonomy and the ability to think independently about right and wrong.

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  • 6. 

    Piaget believed that all individuals are born with an innate tendency to interact with and make sense of their environments by creating

    • An identity

    • Moral dilemmas

    • Schemes

    • Discontinuous theories

    Correct Answer
    A. Schemes
    Explanation
    Piaget believed that all individuals are born with an innate tendency to interact with and make sense of their environments by creating schemes. Schemes refer to mental structures or frameworks that individuals use to organize and understand their experiences. These schemes help individuals to categorize and interpret new information based on their existing knowledge. Through the process of assimilation and accommodation, individuals modify and adapt their schemes to incorporate new information and experiences. Therefore, schemes play a crucial role in cognitive development according to Piaget's theory.

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  • 7. 

    1. According to Piaget, "knowledge comes from action." Which of the following statements best explains Piaget's adage?

    • Children are miniature adults. This means knowledge is quantitative rather than qualitative

    • Inactivity is an indicator of intelligence, especially during childhood

    • Development depends in large part on an individual's manipulation of and interaction with the environment

    • Piaget assumes that cognitive development is a smooth progression from less knowledge to more knowledge

    Correct Answer
    A. Development depends in large part on an individual's manipulation of and interaction with the environment
    Explanation
    Piaget believed that knowledge is constructed through active engagement with the environment. This means that as individuals interact with their surroundings, they manipulate objects and engage in actions that help them understand and make sense of the world. Through these interactions, they construct their own knowledge and understanding of concepts. This process of active engagement and manipulation of the environment is crucial for cognitive development according to Piaget.

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following is most likely to help a concrete operational child solve conceptual problems?

    • The child is older than the typical concrete operational learners

    • The child is taught to solve the problems

    • The problems are explained several times

    • The problems involve objects and situations that are familiar (to the child)

    Correct Answer
    A. The problems involve objects and situations that are familiar (to the child)
    Explanation
    The most likely factor to help a concrete operational child solve conceptual problems is when the problems involve objects and situations that are familiar to the child. This is because concrete operational learners rely on their understanding of real-world objects and experiences to make sense of abstract concepts. By using familiar objects and situations in the problems, the child can apply their existing knowledge and mental operations to find solutions. This familiarity helps them bridge the gap between concrete and abstract thinking, making it easier for them to grasp and solve conceptual problems.

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  • 9. 

    A teacher often begins his lectures by presenting students with two ideas or observations that apparently conflict. He feels that this works because presenting a paradox arouses students' interest. From Piaget's point of view, the teacher is making use of the students' natural response to  

    • Scaffolding

    • Transitivity

    • Egocentrism

    • Disequilibrium

    Correct Answer
    A. Disequilibrium
    Explanation
    From Piaget's point of view, the teacher is making use of the students' natural response to disequilibrium. Disequilibrium refers to a state of cognitive discomfort or imbalance that occurs when individuals encounter new information or ideas that do not fit their existing knowledge or understanding. By presenting conflicting ideas or observations, the teacher is creating a sense of cognitive conflict or disequilibrium in the students' minds, which motivates them to resolve the conflict and seek a new understanding. This approach helps to stimulate their curiosity and engagement in the learning process.

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  • 10. 

    Which one of Erikson's stages is likely to be experienced as Piaget's formal operations unfolds?

    • Generativity versus self-absorption

    • Initiative versus guilt

    • Intimacy versus isolation

    • Identity versus role confusion

    Correct Answer
    A. Identity versus role confusion
    Explanation
    As Piaget's formal operations unfold, individuals develop the ability to think abstractly and hypothetically. This cognitive development aligns with Erikson's stage of identity versus role confusion, where individuals explore and develop a sense of self and their place in society. During this stage, individuals may question their values, beliefs, and future goals as they try to establish a stable identity. This stage is likely to be experienced as Piaget's formal operations unfold because individuals' cognitive abilities enable them to engage in introspection and self-reflection, leading to a greater understanding of their identity and role in the world.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Apr 21, 2009
    Quiz Created by
    Cwilds

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