Human Ecology Practice Questions! Quiz
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- 1.
Human Ecology: Differential distribution of population and economic activities in a city, and the manner in which they have focused on the center of the city?
- A.
Concentration
- B.
Decentralization
- C.
Segregation
- D.
Invasion
Correct Answer
A. ConcentrationExplanation
The term "concentration" refers to the phenomenon of a large number of people and economic activities being located in the center of a city. This can be explained by factors such as historical development patterns, availability of infrastructure and amenities, and the desire for proximity to business and cultural centers. Concentration can lead to issues such as overcrowding, traffic congestion, and high property prices in the city center.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Human Ecology: the location of activity away from the central city?
- A.
Concentration
- B.
Decentralization
- C.
Segregation
- D.
Invasion
Correct Answer
B. DecentralizationExplanation
Decentralization refers to the dispersal of human activity away from the central city. It involves the movement of people, businesses, and services to suburban or rural areas, resulting in a reduction of population and economic concentration in the city center. This process can occur due to various factors such as improved transportation, availability of land, and desire for a better quality of life. Therefore, decentralization is the most fitting answer for the given question about the location of activity away from the central city in the context of human ecology.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Human Ecology: the sorting out of population groups according to conscious preferences for associating with one group or another through bias and prejudice?
- A.
Concentration
- B.
Decentralization
- C.
Segregation
- D.
Invasion
Correct Answer
C. SegregationExplanation
Segregation is the correct answer because it refers to the sorting out of population groups based on conscious preferences, bias, and prejudice. It involves the separation of different groups, often based on race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status, leading to the formation of distinct communities. This process can result in unequal access to resources and opportunities for certain groups, perpetuating social inequalities. Concentration, decentralization, and invasion are not accurate descriptions of this phenomenon.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Human Ecology:traditionally, a process through which a new activity or social group enters an area?
- A.
Concentration
- B.
Decentralization
- C.
Segregation
- D.
Invasion
Correct Answer
D. InvasionExplanation
In the context of human ecology, invasion refers to the process through which a new activity or social group enters an area. It implies the arrival of a new population or the introduction of a new activity that disrupts the existing social and ecological dynamics of the area. This term signifies the intrusion or encroachment of a foreign element into a particular ecosystem or social setting.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Human Ecology:a new use or social group gradually replaces the former occupants?
- A.
Succession
- B.
Assimilation
- C.
Segregation
- D.
Invasion
Correct Answer
A. SuccessionExplanation
Succession refers to the process where a new use or social group gradually replaces the former occupants. It involves a series of changes that occur over time, leading to the replacement of one community by another. This process can be observed in various ecological and social contexts, where a new group or use takes over a particular area or space, leading to a shift in the composition and dynamics of the community. Therefore, the given answer, "Succession," accurately describes the phenomenon described in the question.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Human Ecology: diverse social groups find a mode of peaceful co-existence?
- A.
Succession
- B.
Assimilation/ Accommodation
- C.
Segregation
- D.
Invasion
Correct Answer
B. Assimilation/ AccommodationExplanation
Assimilation/ Accommodation refers to the process where diverse social groups find a way to peacefully coexist by adapting and adjusting to each other's cultural norms, values, and practices. This allows for the integration and merging of different groups into a cohesive society, promoting understanding and harmony. Succession refers to the ecological process of change in a community over time, while segregation and invasion do not directly relate to the peaceful coexistence of diverse social groups.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Applied the principles of evolution and natural history to study social behavior except one:
- A.
Roderick D. McKenzie
- B.
Amos H. Hawley
- C.
Robert Park
- D.
Everett Hughes
- E.
Ernest W. Burgess
Correct Answer
E. Ernest W. BurgessExplanation
Ernest W. Burgess is the correct answer because he was not known for applying the principles of evolution and natural history to study social behavior. Roderick D. McKenzie, Amos H. Hawley, Robert Park, and Everett Hughes were all sociologists who made significant contributions to the field by using these principles to understand social behavior.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Concentric Zone Theory is an application of Von Thünen’s theory to urban areas. Who introduce this theory of urban structure?
- A.
Ernest W. Burgerss
- B.
Homer Hoyt
- C.
Edward Ullman & Chauncy Harris
- D.
Peter Mann
- E.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
E. None of the choicesExplanation
Ernest W. BurgessRate this question:
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- 9.
Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess: CBD-​ location of tertiary employment and urban transport infrastructure (most accessible zone)
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
A. Zone 1Explanation
Zone 1 is the central business district (CBD) according to the Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess. This zone is characterized by the location of tertiary employment and urban transport infrastructure, making it the most accessible zone. The CBD is typically the hub of economic activity in a city, with a high concentration of office buildings, commercial establishments, and transportation hubs. It serves as a focal point for employment, commerce, and transportation, attracting a large number of people on a daily basis.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess: Zone of Transition (Residential); low income and mix of low-end uses
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
B. Zone 2Explanation
The correct answer is Zone 2. According to the Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess, Zone 2 is the zone of transition. This zone is characterized by low-income residents and a mix of low-end uses. It is an area where older housing is often found, and there is a high turnover of residents. This zone acts as a buffer between the central business district and the more affluent residential areas.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess: Zone of Low Cost Homes – Working Class Residence Ring (slums; contains poorest segment of urban population)
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
C. Zone 3Explanation
Zone 3 in the Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess represents the Zone of Low Cost Homes, which is the working class residence ring. This zone is characterized by slums and contains the poorest segment of the urban population. In this zone, housing is typically affordable but of low quality, leading to the concentration of lower-income individuals and families. The theory suggests that as the city expands outward, the inner zones become more desirable and expensive, pushing the working class and poor populations to the outer zones. Zone 3, therefore, represents the area where the poorest segment of the urban population resides.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess: Zone of Better Residences –High class apartment and single family ring (including shopping and commercial); white collar workers and middle class families.
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
D. Zone 4Explanation
Zone 4 in the Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess represents the Zone of Better Residences. This zone consists of high-class apartments and single-family homes, as well as shopping and commercial areas. It is primarily inhabited by white-collar workers and middle-class families. This zone is considered a desirable place to live due to its higher socioeconomic status and better quality of housing.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess: Commuter Zone (sub-urban and semi-rural) – middle class and upper income groups.
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
E. Zone 5Explanation
The correct answer is Zone 5. According to the Concentric Zone Theory by Burgess, Zone 5 is the commuter zone, which consists of suburban and semi-rural areas. This zone is typically inhabited by middle class and upper income groups.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Sector or Radial Model (Homer Hoyt, 1939): CBD?
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
A. Zone 1Explanation
In the sector or radial model proposed by Homer Hoyt in 1939, Zone 1 refers to the Central Business District (CBD). This zone is characterized by high land values, dense commercial activity, and a concentration of office buildings, retail stores, and other business establishments. It is the heart of the city where most economic and administrative activities take place. The CBD is typically located in the center of the city and serves as a focal point for transportation networks and public services.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Sector or Radial Model (Homer Hoyt, 1939): Wholesale and Light Manufacturing?
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
B. Zone 2Explanation
The correct answer is Zone 2. In the sector or radial model proposed by Homer Hoyt in 1939, Zone 2 is typically characterized by wholesale and light manufacturing activities. This zone is located just outside the central business district and is often marked by the presence of warehouses, distribution centers, and small-scale manufacturing facilities. It is a transitional zone between the more intense commercial activities in Zone 1 and the residential areas in the outer zones.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Sector or Radial Model (Homer Hoyt, 1939): Lower Class Residential?
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
C. Zone 3Explanation
The correct answer is Zone 3. In the Sector or Radial Model by Homer Hoyt, Zone 3 is typically associated with lower-class residential areas. This model suggests that cities develop in a series of sectors or wedges, with different types of land use expanding outwards from the city center. Zone 3 is located further away from the city center compared to Zones 1 and 2, and it often consists of older, more affordable housing options that attract lower-income residents.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Sector or Radial Model (Homer Hoyt, 1939): Middle Class Residential?
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
D. Zone 4Explanation
The correct answer is Zone 4. In the sector or radial model proposed by Homer Hoyt in 1939, Zone 4 represents the middle-class residential area. This model suggests that cities develop in a series of sectors or wedges radiating out from the central business district. Zone 4 is typically located between the working-class residential area (Zone 3) and the commuter zone (Zone 5), making it an ideal location for middle-class households.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Sector or Radial Model (Homer Hoyt, 1939): Upper Class Residential?
- A.
Zone 1
- B.
Zone 2
- C.
Zone 3
- D.
Zone 4
- E.
Zone 5
Correct Answer
E. Zone 5Explanation
The correct answer is Zone 5. In the sector or radial model proposed by Homer Hoyt in 1939, Zone 5 represents the outermost ring of the city. This zone is typically characterized by upper-class residential areas. As you move further away from the city center, the socio-economic status of the residents tends to increase, and Zone 5 is where the wealthiest individuals and families are often found.Rate this question:
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- 19.
All are true statements regarding Sector/ Radial Model by H.Hoyt except one:
- A.
City develops in a series of sectors instead of rings
- B.
As city grows, activities expands in a wedge, or sector, from the center (due to emergence of star-shaped transportation routes - bus lines/street car lines)
- C.
Once district with high-class housing is established, the most expensive houses are built on the outer edge of that district further from the center
- D.
Place of high value land uses not only in CBD but tend to follow the arterial (new high accessibility area, i.e. waterfront, mountainous, etc.)
- E.
City grows from several independent points or growth centers where activities revolve rather than from one CBD
- F.
Relates accessibility (transport), land use and land values
Correct Answer
E. City grows from several independent points or growth centers where activities revolve rather than from one CBDExplanation
Multiple Nuclei: City grows from several independent points or growth centers where activities revolve rather than from one CBDRate this question:
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- 20.
All are true statements regarding Axial Model (Transport Model based on Homer Hoyt’s Sector Model) except one:
- A.
Travel time rather than transport cost is the important determinant of land use
- B.
Takes into account the effect of route ways for land use
- C.
Major roads radiate from center of town
- D.
Commercial development follows transport routes resulting in Star-shaped pattern of land use
- E.
Commuter village separated from built up areas as main feature
Correct Answer
E. Commuter village separated from built up areas as main featureExplanation
Multiple Nuclei-Sector Theory: Commuter village separated from built up areas as main featureRate this question:
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- 21.
All are true statements regarding Multiple Nuclei Model (Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman, 1945) except one:
- A.
City grows from several independent points or growth centers where activities revolve rather than from one CBD
- B.
No clear CBD
- C.
Separate nuclei often a result of requirements of specialized facilities and rent
- D.
Certain activities repel each other (factories and high class residential)
- E.
Local government played a crucial role in slum clearance and gentrification
Correct Answer
E. Local government played a crucial role in slum clearance and gentrificationExplanation
Multiple Nuclei-"Sector" Theory (Peter Mann,1965): Local government played a crucial role in slum clearance and gentrificationRate this question:
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- 22.
Rooted their model in four geographic principles: Multiple Nuclei Model (Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman, 1945) except one:
- A.
Certain activities require highly specialized facilities
- B.
Certain activities cluster because they profit from mutual association
- C.
Certain activities repel each other and will not be found in the same area
- D.
Certain activities could not make a profit if they paid the high rent of the most desirable locations
- E.
Certain activities is inversely related to the distance between them
Correct Answer
E. Certain activities is inversely related to the distance between themExplanation
Gravity model: "Inversely related to the distance between them"Rate this question:
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- 23.
Multiple Nuclei Model (Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman, 1945); All are true statement except one:
- A.
1 Open Space; 2 Wholesale and Light Manufacturing
- B.
3 Lower Class; 4 Middle Class
- C.
5 Upper Class; 6 Heavy Manufacturing
- D.
7 Sub-Business District; 8 Residential Suburb
- E.
9 Industrial Suburb, 1 CBD
Correct Answer
A. 1 Open Space; 2 Wholesale and Light ManufacturingExplanation
The Multiple Nuclei Model, proposed by Chauncy Harris and Edward Ullman in 1945, describes the spatial organization of cities based on the presence of multiple centers of activity. These centers, or nuclei, are specialized in different functions and interact with each other. The model suggests that cities have a Central Business District (CBD) as the main nucleus, surrounded by various other nuclei such as residential suburbs, industrial suburbs, sub-business districts, and different classes of residential areas. The correct answer, "1 Open Space; 2 Wholesale and Light Manufacturing," is not a part of the Multiple Nuclei Model. The model does not include a specific nucleus dedicated to open space or wholesale and light manufacturing.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Multiple Nuclei-Sector Theory (Peter Mann, 1965): All are true statements regarding the figure except one:
- A.
1 City Centre; A- Middle Class Sector
- B.
2 Transitional Zone; B- Lower-Middle-Class Sector
- C.
5 Commuting Distance Villages; C-Working Class Sector
- D.
D lndustry and lowest working class area
- E.
D High Class Sector
Correct Answer
E. D High Class SectorExplanation
3- Zone of small terrace houses in Sector C&D by-law houses in Sector B,large houses in Sector A
4- Post-1918 residential areas with post-1945 development mainly on peripheryRate this question:
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- 25.
Multiple Nuclei-Sector Theory (Peter Mann, 1965), All are true statements except one:
- A.
The structure of a city is a complex interplay between rings and sectors (combination of Burgess and Hoyt)
- B.
Commuter village separated from built up areas as main feature
- C.
The twilight zone (transition zone) was not concentric around the CBD
- D.
Local government played a crucial role in slum clearance and gentrification
- E.
A commercial spine and axis of business is surrounded by elite residential housing
Correct Answer
E. A commercial spine and axis of business is surrounded by elite residential housingExplanation
Latin America City Model: A commercial spine and axis of business is surrounded by elite residential housingRate this question:
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- 26.
All are true statements regarding Gravity Model (Spatial Interaction) except one:
- A.
Model is an approach to analyze spatial interaction between spatially separated nodes (migration, commodity, residence-workplace trips, etc)
- B.
Directly related to populations
- C.
Inversely related to the distance between them
- D.
(Population 1) x (Population 2) / distance2
- E.
Is a result of leapfrog development
Correct Answer
E. Is a result of leapfrog development -
- 27.
All are true statement regarding Galactic City (Peirce F. Lewis) except one:
- A.
Galactic Metropolis is a result of leapfrog development
- B.
Automobile as primary means of transport
- C.
Result: Doughnut like, because center is kept at very low density, while more activity distributed along ring roads
- D.
CBD dominates the center with 2 main divisions (traditional market and modern high-rises)
Correct Answer
D. CBD dominates the center with 2 main divisions (traditional market and modern high-rises)Explanation
Latin America City Model: CBD dominates the center with 2 main divisions (traditional market and modern high-rises)Rate this question:
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- 28.
Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model): Zone of maturity – better houses, paved streets, good transport, schools?
- A.
Yellow Area
- B.
Yellow Green Area
- C.
Orange Area
- D.
Green (Dotted) Area
- E.
Blue Area
Correct Answer
A. Yellow AreaExplanation
The yellow area in the Latin American city model represents the Zone of Maturity. This zone is characterized by better houses, paved streets, good transportation, and schools. It is a developed area where the middle class resides and enjoys a higher standard of living compared to other areas in the city.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model): Zone of in situ accretion – mixed quality of housing, some schools, only main streets paved?
- A.
Yellow Area
- B.
Yellow Green Area
- C.
Orange Area
- D.
Green (Dotted) Area
- E.
Blue Area
Correct Answer
D. Green (Dotted) AreaExplanation
The green (dotted) area in the Latin American city model represents the Zone of in situ accretion. This area is characterized by a mixed quality of housing, meaning that there are both high-quality and low-quality housing options available. Additionally, there may be some schools present in this area. However, the fact that only main streets are paved suggests that the infrastructure in this zone is not as developed as in other areas of the city.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model): Zone of peripheral squatter settlements – makeshift shanty houses, high unemployment, no basic services?
- A.
Yellow Area
- B.
Yellow Green Area
- C.
Orange Area
- D.
Green (Dotted) Area
- E.
Blue Area
Correct Answer
C. Orange AreaExplanation
The orange area in the Latin American city model represents the zone of peripheral squatter settlements. This area is characterized by makeshift shanty houses, high unemployment rates, and a lack of basic services. Squatter settlements often develop on the outskirts of cities as a result of rapid urbanization and a lack of affordable housing options. These areas typically lack access to basic amenities such as clean water, sanitation, and electricity. The high unemployment rates in these settlements further contribute to the poverty and poor living conditions experienced by the residents.Rate this question:
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- 31.
All are true statements regarding "Edge Cities" except one:
- A.
Defined as "satellite" centers of employment and shopping located away from the CBD of a city
- B.
Noders are formed in response to the rapid development of cities at major suburban freeway interchanges
- C.
Very new; about 30 years ago were villages or rural farmland
- D.
None of the choices
Correct Answer
D. None of the choicesExplanation
All of the choicesRate this question:
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- 32.
Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model): Gentrification?
- A.
Yellow Area
- B.
Yellow Green Area
- C.
Orange Area
- D.
Green (Dotted) Area
- E.
Blue Area
Correct Answer
B. Yellow Green AreaExplanation
The Yellow Green Area in the Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model) represents the zone of transition or the area where gentrification is likely to occur. This area is characterized by a mix of lower-income and higher-income residents, as well as a blend of residential and commercial properties. Gentrification refers to the process of wealthier individuals or businesses moving into a lower-income area, leading to the renovation and revitalization of the neighborhood. Thus, the Yellow Green Area is the zone where this transformation is most likely to take place.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model): Elite residential Sector?
- A.
Yellow Area
- B.
Yellow Green Area
- C.
Orange Area
- D.
Green (Dotted) Area
- E.
Blue Area
Correct Answer
E. Blue AreaExplanation
The Blue Area in the Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model) represents the elite residential sector. This is the area where the wealthiest and most privileged individuals in the city live. It is characterized by large, luxurious houses, gated communities, and exclusive amenities. The Blue Area is often located in the periphery of the city, away from the central business district and the poorer neighborhoods. This segregation reflects the socioeconomic inequalities present in Latin American cities, where the elite have access to better infrastructure, services, and quality of life compared to the rest of the population.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model): Middle Class Residential?
- A.
Yellow Area
- B.
Yellow Green Area
- C.
Orange Area
- D.
Green (Dotted) Area
- E.
Beige
Correct Answer
E. BeigeExplanation
The beige area in the Latin American city model (Griffin-Ford Model) represents the low-income residential zone. This area is typically characterized by informal settlements, slums, and densely populated neighborhoods with poor infrastructure and limited access to basic services. The residents in this area often face socio-economic challenges and live in substandard housing conditions.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Who introduced the "Edge Cities" in 1991?
- A.
Joel Garreau
- B.
Peirce F. Lewis
- C.
Peter Mann
- D.
Ernest Burgess
Correct Answer
A. Joel GarreauExplanation
Joel Garreau introduced the concept of "Edge Cities" in 1991. The term refers to suburban areas that have developed into self-sufficient economic and cultural centers, often located at the outskirts of major cities. Garreau's book, titled "Edge City: Life on the New Frontier," explores the rise and significance of these edge cities, highlighting their impact on urban development and the changing nature of work and lifestyle.Rate this question:
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