Quiz 2 - Patient care

Lymphedema is a condition characterized by the swelling of body parts due to a buildup of lymph fluid. While there is no known cure for lymphedema, it can be managed and treated effectively. Treatment options include manual lymphatic drainage, compression therapy, exercise, and skin care. These interventions help reduce swelling, improve lymphatic flow, and prevent complications. Therefore, it is true that lymphedema is a treatable disease, even though it cannot be completely cured.

Compression garment is indeed a phase 2 of lymphedema treatment. Lymphedema is a condition characterized by the accumulation of lymph fluid, causing swelling in certain parts of the body. The use of compression garments, such as compression stockings or sleeves, helps to apply pressure and support the affected area, promoting lymphatic drainage and reducing swelling. This is an essential component of lymphedema management, typically recommended after initial therapies like manual lymphatic drainage (phase 1). Therefore, the statement that compression garment is a phase 2 of lymphedema treatment is correct.

Skin care must be considered in the treatment of lower limb lymphedema because the condition can cause swelling and fluid accumulation in the affected limb, which can lead to skin changes and infections. Proper skin care, including keeping the skin clean and moisturized, can help prevent complications such as cellulitis and promote overall skin health. Additionally, lymphedema can make the skin more vulnerable to injury and slow down the healing process, so taking care of the skin is essential in managing the condition effectively.

All of the above symptoms, cyanosis, tachycardia, and dizziness, indicate the need for termination of an exercise test for a cardiac patient. Cyanosis refers to a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, indicating a lack of oxygen in the blood. Tachycardia is an abnormally fast heart rate, which can be dangerous for a cardiac patient during exercise. Dizziness can be a sign of inadequate blood flow to the brain, which is a concerning symptom for a cardiac patient. Therefore, if any of these symptoms occur during an exercise test, it is necessary to terminate the test to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient.

Scar tissue formation that limits range of motion (ROM) is considered an indication for lymphedema treatment because lymphedema is a condition characterized by the accumulation of lymphatic fluid, leading to swelling and impaired lymphatic drainage. Scar tissue can restrict the movement of lymph fluid and exacerbate lymphedema symptoms. Therefore, treating the scar tissue and improving ROM can help alleviate lymphedema-related symptoms and enhance the effectiveness of lymphedema treatment.

Pulse oximetry is a non-invasive method used to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood. It works by emitting light through a sensor attached to a person's finger or earlobe. The sensor detects the amount of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood, allowing it to determine the percentage of hemoglobin that is oxygen-saturated. This information is crucial in monitoring a person's respiratory and cardiovascular health.

Renal failure is not considered a contraindication for using a pneumatic pump machine to treat lymphedema. A pneumatic pump machine is a device that helps improve lymphatic flow and reduce swelling in the affected areas. Renal failure is a condition that affects the kidneys' ability to filter waste products from the blood. It does not directly impact the use or effectiveness of a pneumatic pump machine for lymphedema treatment. Therefore, the statement is false.

Tidal volume refers to the amount of air that is inspired or expired during a normal breath. It represents the volume of air that enters or leaves the lungs with each breath during regular breathing. This measurement is important in assessing lung function and can be used to diagnose respiratory disorders. It is not related to the volume of blood ejected from the heart, the maximum amount of oxygen in the body during activity, or the decrease in the level of oxygen in the circulating blood.

Jugular venous distension is a common sign and symptom in patients with heart failure. It is characterized by the visible distension of the jugular veins in the neck due to increased pressure in the right side of the heart. This occurs because the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently, leading to a backup of blood in the veins. Jugular venous distension can be easily observed during a physical examination and is an important clinical finding in diagnosing and monitoring heart failure. Increased systolic blood pressure, ataxia, and pulmonary embolism are not typically associated with heart failure.

A history of cardiac disease is not considered a contraindication for manual lymphatic drainage treatment. This treatment technique involves gentle massage to stimulate the lymphatic system and promote the removal of excess fluid and toxins from the body. While it is important for individuals with cardiac disease to consult with their healthcare provider before starting any new treatment, manual lymphatic drainage can be safely performed with appropriate precautions and adaptations for these individuals. Therefore, the statement that a history of cardiac disease is a contraindication for manual lymphatic drainage treatment is false.