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1. An OT practitioner is treating a client who demonstrates pain, progressive weakness of he thumb, atrophy of the thenar mm and numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, long and half of the rign fingers. The clien is not experiencing paroxysmal UE limitations so the practitioner will most likely suspect problems with which of the ff?

Explanation

The client's symptoms of pain, progressive weakness, atrophy, and numbness and tingling in specific fingers suggest a compression or injury to the median nerve. The median nerve innervates the muscles of the thumb and is responsible for sensation in the thumb, index, long, and half of the ring fingers. The absence of paroxysmal UE limitations indicates that the problem is not related to the ulnar nerve, radial nerve, or brachial plexus. Therefore, the most likely suspect is the median nerve.

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2. Which individual would benefit the mostfrom using a wrist driven flexor hinge splint during a prehension activity?

Explanation

A C6 injury affects the sixth cervical vertebra, resulting in limited hand and wrist movement. Using a wrist driven flexor hinge splint would be most beneficial for someone with a C6 injury because it helps to stabilize and support the wrist joint, allowing for improved grip and control during prehension activities. This type of splint assists with flexion and extension movements of the wrist, which are particularly important for individuals with C6 injuries who have limited hand function.

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3. After assessing a client who had recently lost his spouse in a fire, the psychiatrist calssifies the client as hacing an anxiety disorder caused by the occurrence of a major life event. Which of the following best represents this disorder?

Explanation

The correct answer is Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is an anxiety disorder that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as a fire and the loss of a loved one. The client's symptoms, such as anxiety, distressing memories, nightmares, and avoidance of reminders related to the traumatic event, align with the diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Cyclothymic disorder is a mood disorder characterized by periods of hypomanic symptoms and depressive symptoms, while dysthymia is a chronic form of depression. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.

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4. An individual alternately exhibits laughing and crying throught a treatment session. this behavior should be documented as:

Explanation

The individual's alternating display of laughing and crying during the treatment session suggests emotional lability. Emotional lability refers to rapid and unpredictable shifts in mood, often accompanied by intense emotional reactions. This behavior is not indicative of mania, paranoia, or denial, as these terms do not encompass the specific pattern of emotional fluctuation observed in the individual.

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5. Which of the following assessment methods would an OT most likely choose to learn about a family's values and priorities?

Explanation

An OT would most likely choose an interview as an assessment method to learn about a family's values and priorities. This is because an interview allows for direct communication and interaction with the family, providing an opportunity to ask specific questions and gather detailed information about their values and priorities. Skilled observation, inventory, and standardized tests may provide useful information about the family, but they may not directly capture the subjective perspectives and personal insights that can be gained through an interview.

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6. An individual who had a stroke is copying a picture of a clock. The drawing appears as a lopsided circle with a flat side on the left. The numbers 1 through 8 are written in numerical order around the right side of the clock. The hands are correctly drawn on the clock to represent three o'clock. The individual's performance appears to demonstrate:

Explanation

The individual's performance demonstrates left unilateral neglect. Left unilateral neglect is a condition in which a person is unable to attend to or be aware of stimuli on one side of their body or environment, typically the left side. In this case, the individual's lopsided drawing of the clock with a flat side on the left suggests that they are neglecting the left side of the clock and focusing only on the right side. This is a common symptom seen in individuals who have had a stroke affecting the right side of the brain.

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7. An OT practitioner is working with a client who has been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. An individual with a personality disorder is most likely to demonstrate impaired functioning in:

Explanation

Individuals with borderline personality disorder often struggle with maintaining stable and healthy relationships with others. They may have difficulty with interpersonal relationships due to their intense and unstable emotions, impulsivity, and fear of abandonment. These challenges can lead to a pattern of unstable and tumultuous relationships, difficulty in maintaining long-term relationships, and conflicts with others.

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8. During an oral motor evaluation, an OT practitioner asks the client to stick out her tongue. Next, the client is asked to move her tongue from side to side. The two functions that the OT practitioner is attempting to facilitate are

Explanation

In an oral motor evaluation, the OT practitioner is assessing the client's tongue movements and functions. Protrusion refers to the act of sticking out the tongue, while lateralization refers to moving the tongue from side to side. Therefore, the OT practitioner is attempting to facilitate both the protrusion and lateralization functions during the evaluation.

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9. A child's long-term goal is to increase fine motor skills. The assessment has revealed a deficit in tactile discrimination, specifically stereognosis. The most relevant short-term goal would be:

Explanation

The most relevant short-term goal would be for the child to correctly identify, by feel only, five out of five common objects. This is because the deficit in tactile discrimination, specifically stereognosis, indicates a difficulty in recognizing objects by touch. By setting this goal, the child will be encouraged to improve their fine motor skills and tactile discrimination abilities by accurately identifying common objects through touch alone.

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10. A 3rd grade student receives direct OT services provided through public school system. Which of the ff activities should the OT recommend to the gym teacher to best consolidate the child's skills in spatial organization and motor planning?

Explanation

Obstacle courses would be the best activity to consolidate the child's skills in spatial organization and motor planning. Obstacle courses require the child to navigate through various physical challenges, such as climbing over objects, crawling under obstacles, and balancing on beams. These activities enhance the child's ability to plan and execute movements in a coordinated manner, while also improving their spatial awareness and problem-solving skills. Relay races and freeze tag may involve running and tagging, but they do not specifically target spatial organization and motor planning. The balance beam primarily focuses on balance skills rather than spatial organization and motor planning.

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11. An individual who has a stroke is copying a picture of a clock. The drawing appears as a lopsided circle with a flat side on the left. The numbers 1 through 8 are written in numerical order around the right side of the clock. The hands are correctly drawn on the clock to represent three o'clock. The individual's performance appear to demonstrate

Explanation

Left unilateral neglect refers to a condition where an individual is unable to pay attention to or be aware of stimuli on the left side of their body or environment. In this case, the individual with a stroke is copying a clock but only focuses on the right side, resulting in a lopsided circle with a flat side on the left. This demonstrates a lack of attention or neglect towards the left side, which is characteristic of left unilateral neglect.

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12. A school age child has DMD. Although he is able to use a manual chair for distances between classes, he is tired on arrival. What would be the best recommendation the OT could make for wheelchair use at school?

Explanation

The best recommendation the OT could make for wheelchair use at school would be to change to a power wheelchair to reduce effort. This would help alleviate the child's fatigue upon arrival at school, as they would no longer have to manually propel themselves between classes. The power wheelchair would provide the child with the necessary assistance and reduce the physical exertion required, allowing them to conserve energy for other activities throughout the day.

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13. An OT practitioner is treating a client who demonstrates pain, progressive weakness of the thumb, atrophy of the thenar muscles and numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, long and half of the ring fingers. The client is not experiencing proximal upper extremity limitations so the practitioner will most likely suspect problems with which of the following?

Explanation

The client is experiencing symptoms that are consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome, which is caused by compression of the median nerve. The pain, weakness, atrophy, and numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, long, and half of the ring fingers are all characteristic of median nerve compression. The fact that the client is not experiencing proximal upper extremity limitations suggests that the issue is localized to the median nerve rather than a more widespread nerve problem such as ulnar nerve compression or brachial plexus injury. Therefore, the practitioner will most likely suspect problems with the median nerve.

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14. A client who recently started using a wheelchair will be returning to work and an OT is evaluating the client's workplace for accessibility, according to ADA guidelines. The doorway to the client's office has a clear opening of 28 inches. Which of the following recommendations would be the most appropriate to facilitate clear passage of the wheelchair through the doorway?

Explanation

The most appropriate recommendation would be to expand the doorway width to have a minimum clear opening of 32 inches. This is because the ADA guidelines require a minimum clear opening of 32 inches for wheelchair accessibility. A clear opening of 28 inches is not sufficient for the client to pass through comfortably with their wheelchair. Expanding the doorway width to 32 inches would ensure that the client can navigate through the doorway without any difficulties.

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15. A client is experiencing acute right upper extremity and hand lymphedema after a recent mastectomy. The client's primary complaint is joint stiffness. The initial techniques the OT can implement to alleviate joint stiffness would most likely be:

Explanation

Contrast baths involve alternating between warm and cold water, which can help decrease joint stiffness. Active and passive range of motion exercises can help improve joint mobility and reduce stiffness. Retrograde massage involves using gentle pressure to stimulate lymphatic flow and reduce swelling, which can also help alleviate joint stiffness. Therefore, implementing these techniques would be the most appropriate initial approach for alleviating joint stiffness in a client with acute right upper extremity and hand lymphedema after a mastectomy.

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16. In assessing the dressing skills of a 5yo child the OT practitionerobserves that the child is able to put on a jacket, zip the zipper, and tie a knot in the draw string but needs verbal cueing to tie a bow. The OT practitioner would most likely determine that the child's dressing skills are:

Explanation

The OT practitioner would determine that the child's dressing skills are age appropriate because the child is able to perform tasks such as putting on a jacket, zipping the zipper, and tying a knot in the drawstring, which are skills typically expected of a 5-year-old. The fact that the child needs verbal cueing to tie a bow suggests that they may still be developing this particular skill, but overall their dressing skills align with what is expected for their age.

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17. An OT practitioner is working with an individual with ALS who is no longer able to ambulate for kitchen or home managementactivities best addresses the goals of independence in meal preparation for this individual?

Explanation

The answer "Meal prep techniques using wheelchair" is the best option for addressing the goals of independence in meal preparation for an individual with ALS who is no longer able to ambulate. Since the individual is unable to stand or walk, using a wheelchair for meal preparation allows them to maintain independence and continue to participate in kitchen and home management activities. This option provides a practical solution that accommodates the individual's physical limitations while still allowing them to engage in meal preparation.

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18. When evaluating somatosensory system, the OT would have to include testing procedures for?

Explanation

In order to evaluate the somatosensory system, the OT would need to include testing procedures for touch. The somatosensory system is responsible for processing the sensations of touch, pressure, temperature, and pain. By testing touch, the OT can assess the individual's ability to perceive and discriminate different tactile stimuli. This can help identify any deficits or abnormalities in the somatosensory system and guide the development of appropriate interventions to improve sensory processing and integration.

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19. While standing and holding onto furniture, a 3yo boy with delayed motor developmentshifts his weight onto one leg and steps to the side with the other.this movement pattern is best described as:

Explanation

The movement pattern described in the question, where a 3-year-old boy shifts his weight onto one leg and steps to the side with the other while holding onto furniture, is best described as "cruising." Cruising is a developmental milestone in which a child uses furniture or other support to move around in a standing position. It is a precursor to walking independently and helps the child develop balance and coordination skills.

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20. An individual demonstrates the ability to pickup a penny fromflat surface. This represents which of the ff prehension patterns?

Explanation

The ability to pick up a penny from a flat surface using the tip of the fingers is a characteristic of the "Tip" prehension pattern. In this pattern, the fingers and thumb come together to form a precision grip, allowing for precise and delicate manipulation of small objects. This is different from the other prehension patterns mentioned, such as the lateral pattern where the object is grasped between the fingers and thumb, or the palmar pattern where the object is held against the palm.

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21. A child with spina bifida has a lesion at the lumbar level that causes her bladder to be flaccid. At what age should the OT practitioner consider lack of bladder control as a delay and constitute a toilet training program?

Explanation

Children with flaccid bladders, such as those with spina bifida, typically have difficulties with bladder control and cannot be toilet trained. This is due to the fact that the nerves controlling the bladder are affected, resulting in a lack of sensation and muscle control. Therefore, the OT practitioner should not consider lack of bladder control as a delay and should not initiate a toilet training program for these children.

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22. An individual uses a mouthstick when working with a computer. Which of the following devices will prevent the mouthstick from accidentally striking other keys?

Explanation

A keyguard is a device that is placed over the keyboard and has holes or slots that correspond to each key. It prevents the mouthstick from accidentally striking other keys by providing a physical barrier between the mouthstick and the rest of the keys. This allows the individual to accurately target and press the desired key without any unintended keystrokes.

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23. A teenage patient is hospitalized with anorexia nervosa. An OT practitioner has been assigned to collect data on the child's family background, education, and habits through a chart review. Where will the practitioner most likely find this information?

Explanation

In this scenario, the OT practitioner is tasked with collecting data on the teenage patient's family background, education, and habits. The most likely place to find this information would be in the social worker's notes. Social workers are trained to gather comprehensive information about a patient's social and familial context, which would include details about their family background, education, and habits. The nurse and doctor's notes may focus more on the medical aspects of the patient's condition, while the admitting note may provide general information but may not delve into specific details about the patient's family background, education, and habits.

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24. A toddler diagnosed with developmental delays does not finger-feed when presented with food in the clinic. The best way to obtain further information about his feeding skills is to:

Explanation

Observing the toddler in his home during feeding time would provide the best opportunity to assess his feeding skills. It allows for a natural and familiar environment where the toddler is likely to be more comfortable and behave in a typical manner. By observing him in this setting, it would be easier to identify any specific challenges or difficulties he may have with finger-feeding and gather more accurate information about his feeding skills. This method also eliminates potential distractions that may occur in a clinic or other unfamiliar setting.

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25. An individual learning to use an augmentative communication system has mastered the task of understanding picture symbols and their use. The next step would be:

Explanation

After mastering the task of understanding picture symbols and their use, the next step for an individual learning to use an augmentative communication system would be sequencing of picture symbols. This involves arranging the picture symbols in a specific order to convey a message or express a thought. It is a more advanced skill compared to simply recognizing letters or words, and it allows the individual to communicate more complex ideas and thoughts using the augmentative communication system.

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26. An individual has been referred to OT following open heart surgery and a period of prolonged bedrest. After the individual is able to tolerate sitting unsupported at the edge of the bed, the next activity the OT practitioner should introduce s:

Explanation

After a period of prolonged bedrest, it is important for the individual to gradually regain their strength and endurance. Walking at 1mph would be the most appropriate activity to introduce at this stage. Walking helps in improving cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, and balance. It also promotes weight-bearing and helps in preventing complications such as blood clots. Peeling potatoes while seated, wheelchair propulsion, and taking a shower may be introduced at a later stage when the individual has further progressed in their recovery.

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27. An OT practitioner is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and appears to be experiencing acute symptoms of the disease. Which of the ff is considered to ba an acute or positive symptom of schizophrenia that the OT might document in her assessment?

Explanation

Hallucinations are considered to be an acute or positive symptom of schizophrenia. Hallucinations refer to sensory perceptions that are not based on external stimuli, such as hearing voices or seeing things that are not there. These hallucinations can be auditory, visual, or even tactile in nature. The presence of hallucinations is an important symptom to document in the assessment of a client with schizophrenia as it helps in understanding the severity and nature of their psychotic experiences.

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28. An OT practitioner is transferring a client with hemiplegia from a wheelchair to an elevated mat. The client is able to place both feet on the floor and move the buttocks to the edge of the wheelchair. The therapist then places one hand on the client's right anterior pelvis and the other hand on the client's left shoulder. The client is set up so the transfer can be performed toward the client's stronger side. The client then pushes to a standing position and pivots with the therapist's guidance. This is most likely an example of a/an:

Explanation

The given scenario describes a transfer where the client is able to participate in the transfer by placing both feet on the floor and moving their buttocks to the edge of the wheelchair. The therapist provides assistance by placing one hand on the client's right anterior pelvis and the other hand on the client's left shoulder. The transfer is performed towards the client's stronger side, and the client pushes to a standing position and pivots with the therapist's guidance. This indicates that the client is able to actively participate in the transfer but requires some assistance and guidance from the therapist, making it an example of an assisted stand pivot transfer.

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29. An OT practitioner observes a 5-year old child with Down syndrome who was low muscle tone sitting on the floor exclusively using a "W" sitting position. This observation most likely indicates that the child is:

Explanation

The observation of a 5-year old child with Down syndrome exclusively using a "W" sitting position indicates that the child is demonstrating typical development for a child with Down syndrome. "W" sitting is a common sitting position for children with low muscle tone as it provides a wider base of support and helps to stabilize their bodies. While it may not be a typical sitting position for a 5-year old child without Down syndrome, it is considered normal for children with Down syndrome due to their specific physical characteristics and muscle tone.

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30. An OT practitioner is treating a client who has a swallowing limitation, partly caused by the inability to receive visual and olfactory stimulation before eating. This limitation typically occurs in which stage of the swallowing process?

Explanation

The correct answer is the Oral preparatory phase. In the oral preparatory phase of the swallowing process, the food is prepared to be swallowed. This includes activities such as chewing and mixing the food with saliva to form a bolus. In this case, the client's swallowing limitation is partly caused by the inability to receive visual and olfactory stimulation before eating, which suggests that the issue is occurring before the food is actually being swallowed. Therefore, it is likely to be happening in the oral preparatory phase.

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31. A child is observed grabbing toys from others, becoming easily frustrated and is unable to sit still. This behavior most likely indicates:

Explanation

The child's behavior of grabbing toys from others, becoming easily frustrated, and being unable to sit still is indicative of ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as impulsivity, hyperactivity, and difficulty in sustaining attention. The mentioned behaviors align with the common symptoms of ADHD, making it the most likely explanation for the observed behavior.

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32. An OT practitioner working in a drug and alcohol rehab center is educating clients about discharge options. The primary expectation for becoming a member in a self-help group for alcohol problem is:

Explanation

The primary expectation for becoming a member in a self-help group for alcohol problem is that members share their experiences and struggles with alcohol use. This is a fundamental aspect of self-help groups, as it allows individuals to connect with others who have similar experiences and learn from each other's journeys. Sharing personal experiences and struggles helps create a supportive and empathetic environment where members can gain insights, receive encouragement, and develop coping strategies for their alcohol problems.

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33. An OT practitioner is selecting treatment activities to use with a young adult diagnosed with schizophrenia, undifferentiated type, that would help to receive, process, and respond to sensory information. The most suitable activities for the patient would include:

Explanation

Vestibular stimulation and gross motor exercise would be the most suitable activities for a young adult diagnosed with schizophrenia, undifferentiated type, who needs help with receiving, processing, and responding to sensory information. Vestibular stimulation involves activities that stimulate the inner ear and help with balance and spatial orientation, which can be beneficial for individuals with sensory processing difficulties. Gross motor exercise, on the other hand, involves physical activities that engage large muscle groups, promoting body awareness and coordination. Both of these activities can help the individual improve their sensory integration skills and enhance their ability to process sensory information effectively.

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34. Which of the ff performance components are most important to consider when analyzing activities for use with adults with psychosocial problems?

Explanation

The most important performance components to consider when analyzing activities for use with adults with psychosocial problems are the amount of self-control demands, time management demands, self-expression opportunities, and interest in the activity. These factors are crucial in promoting emotional regulation, cognitive functioning, and overall engagement in the activity, which can have a positive impact on individuals with psychosocial problems. Considering these components can help ensure that the chosen activities are suitable and beneficial for this specific population.

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35. An individual with C6 spinal cord injurt has been referred to OT two days post-injury. Immobilized with a Halo brace, the individual demonstrates fair plus wrist extension and poor minus finger flexion. Which of the following interventions should be implemented first?

Explanation

The individual with C6 spinal cord injury demonstrates fair plus wrist extension and poor minus finger flexion. Wrist splints should be implemented first to promote the development of tenodesis. Tenodesis is a functional grasp pattern that allows individuals with limited finger flexion to grasp objects by using wrist extension. By using wrist splints, the individual can practice and strengthen this grasp pattern, which will ultimately promote independence in activities of daily living. The other options, such as volar resting pan splints and wrist support with a universal cuff, may be beneficial later in the rehabilitation process, but the priority at this stage is to promote the development of tenodesis. Instruction in bed mobility techniques is not directly related to the individual's hand function and would not be the first intervention to implement.

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36. An individual with aC6 spinal cord injury is unable to button his shir. The OT would be MOST likely to select which type of adaptive equipment to assist this client with buttoning?

Explanation

The individual with aC6 spinal cord injury would have limited hand function and dexterity. Therefore, the most suitable adaptive equipment would be a buttonhook attached to a cuff that fits around the palm. This would provide stability and support to the hand, allowing the individual to grasp and manipulate the buttonhook more easily. The cuff would also distribute pressure evenly across the palm, reducing the strain on the individual's hand and fingers.

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37. While observing a client who has just been admitted to the rehabilitation unit after a right CVA with left hemiplegia, the OT notices that the patient'sn right arm lay limply by the patient's side. In documenting this observation the term most likely used is:

Explanation

The term most likely used to document the observation of the client's right arm laying limply by their side after a right CVA with left hemiplegia is "flaccidity." Flaccidity refers to a lack of muscle tone or muscle weakness, which can result in the limb appearing limp and without resistance to movement. This is commonly seen in the acute stage following a stroke, where there is a loss of voluntary muscle control due to damage to the brain.

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38. A therapist reviews an individual's chart as part of the screening process. The psychiatrist has written "observe for side effects with current antianxiety medications." The OT practitioner is most likely to report about which of the following side effects?

Explanation

The OT practitioner is most likely to report about confusion as a side effect of the current antianxiety medications. This is because confusion is a common side effect of many medications, including antianxiety medications. It is important for the therapist to monitor and report any instances of confusion in order to ensure the individual's safety and well-being.

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39. A therapist is evaluating an individual with a peripheral nerve injury for strength, range of motion, and endurance. The most appropriate frame of reference on which to base the evaluation is:

Explanation

The biomechanical frame of reference is the most appropriate for evaluating an individual with a peripheral nerve injury for strength, range of motion, and endurance. This frame of reference focuses on the physical aspects of movement and function, such as muscle strength, joint range of motion, and endurance. It considers the mechanical principles of the body and aims to restore or improve the individual's physical abilities through specific exercises and interventions. This approach is particularly relevant for individuals with physical impairments, as it emphasizes the restoration of biomechanical function.

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40. To assess an individual who is suspected of having carpal tunnel syndrome, the OT tests for Tinel's sign by gently tapping the median nerve at the level of the carpal tunnel with the person's wrist positioned in:

Explanation

When assessing for Tinel's sign in a person suspected of having carpal tunnel syndrome, the OT tests by gently tapping the median nerve at the level of the carpal tunnel. The wrist should be positioned in a neutral position. This means that the wrist should not be deviated in either the ulnar or radial direction, and it should not be flexed or dorsiflexed. A neutral wrist position allows for a more accurate assessment of Tinel's sign and helps to identify any potential nerve compression or irritation in the carpal tunnel.

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41. Which individual would benefit the most from using a wrist-driven flexor hinge splint during a prehension activity?

Explanation

A client with a C6 injury would benefit the most from using a wrist-driven flexor hinge splint during a prehension activity. This is because a C6 injury typically results in limited hand function and weak wrist extension. The wrist-driven flexor hinge splint can provide support and assist with wrist extension, allowing the client to have a more functional grip and better control during prehension activities.

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42. An ot practitioner conducating a hnad assessment would use which instrument to measure strength of three jaw chuck:

Explanation

A pinch meter is a commonly used instrument in hand assessments to measure the strength of a three jaw chuck. It is specifically designed to measure the pinch force exerted by an individual's thumb and index finger. By using a pinch meter, an OT practitioner can accurately assess the strength and coordination of the muscles involved in a three jaw chuck grip. This information is crucial in determining a patient's functional abilities and designing an appropriate treatment plan.

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43. A child has considerable difficulty with problem solving when playing with LEGOS and becomes frustrated and gives up easily. This most likely indicates a problem in which area of play?

Explanation

The child's difficulty with problem solving when playing with LEGOS and their tendency to become frustrated and give up easily suggests a problem in the area of constructional play. Constructional play involves the ability to manipulate and build objects, which requires problem-solving skills and spatial reasoning. The child's struggles and frustration indicate a difficulty in this specific area of play.

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44. An individual attending an adult day program has expressed interest in obtaining employment. In groups, however, the individual grabs tools from others, frequently acts out of turn, and has difficulty accepting feedback. Participation in which one of the following interventions is most appropriate for addressing this individual's limitations and helping to prepare the individual for a work environment?

Explanation

The individual's difficulty with accepting feedback and acting out of turn may indicate challenges with social skills and impulse control. Participating in a food service group, where they would be responsible for handing out trays and utensils, can help address these limitations. This intervention would provide opportunities for the individual to practice appropriate social interactions, follow instructions, and develop self-control, which are important skills for success in a work environment. Additionally, the structured nature of a food service group can provide clear expectations and routines that can support the individual's learning and development.

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45. During an initial evaluation, an OT practitioner documents that the client's chart reveals a history of both depression and substance abuse. The term that indicates a diagnosis from two mental diagnostic criteria is:

Explanation

The term "dual diagnosis" is used to indicate a diagnosis that involves two or more mental health conditions or disorders. In this case, the client is diagnosed with both depression and substance abuse, making it a dual diagnosis. The term "multiply handicapped" refers to individuals with multiple physical disabilities, so it does not apply to this situation. "Axis I and II duplicity" is not a recognized term in mental health diagnosis. "Primary and secondary diagnoses" does not specifically indicate that there are two mental health conditions present.

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46. A deficit in visual memory is affecting a chid's reading skills. Which would be the best game to promote visual memory?

Explanation

Concentration would be the best game to promote visual memory because it requires the player to remember the location of matching pairs of cards. This game helps improve visual memory by challenging the child to remember the positions of the cards and make connections between them. By playing Concentration, the child can practice and enhance their ability to retain and recall visual information, which can ultimately benefit their reading skills.

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47. A new client exhibits no awareness of functional limitations resulting from his recent head injury, and he attempts to perform transfers without assistance. He also has expressed that he doesn't see the need for therapy. The best approach to promote awareness and insight is to:

Explanation

The best approach to promote awareness and insight in this situation is to have the client predict his performance before an activity and then have him self-evaluate his performance. This approach allows the client to actively participate in the evaluation process and reflect on his own abilities. It encourages self-awareness and insight by comparing his predictions to his actual performance, which can help him recognize any functional limitations resulting from his head injury. This approach respects the client's autonomy and allows him to take ownership of his therapy progress.

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48. A preschooler with a diagnosis of developmental delay is very withdrawn and passive. While working on toilet skills, the child reaches out for a toothbrush and starts to brush her hair with it. The OT practitioner recognizes the primary importance of this behavior as:

Explanation

The child reaching out for a toothbrush and starting to brush her hair with it indicates initiative and beginning task-directed behavior. This behavior suggests that the child is attempting to engage in a purposeful activity and take the initiative to complete a task. It shows that the child is beginning to understand the concept of using objects for specific actions and is starting to demonstrate task-oriented behavior.

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49. An OT practitioner who is leading a stress management group explains to the members that stressors can be most accurately described as the:

Explanation

This answer is correct because stressors are defined as the conditions and events that trigger or elicit stress reactions in individuals. Stressors can be external events or situations that cause stress, such as work deadlines or relationship problems. By understanding and identifying these precipitating conditions and events, individuals can better manage and cope with their stress.

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50. "The patient arrived without her walker 3 out of 3 days this week." The most appropriate section of a SOAP note for the OT practitioner is to place this statement is the:

Explanation

The statement "The patient arrived without her walker 3 out of 3 days this week" is an objective observation that can be measured and verified. It provides factual information about the patient's behavior. In a SOAP note, the Objective section is where the therapist records objective data such as observations, measurements, and test results. Therefore, this statement would be most appropriately placed in the Objective section of the SOAP note.

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51. An OT practitioner is working with an individual with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) who is no longer able to ambulate for kitchen or home management activities. Which of the following interventions best addresses the goals of independence in meal preparation for this individual?

Explanation

Meal preparation techniques using a wheelchair would be the most appropriate intervention for an individual with ALS who is no longer able to ambulate. This intervention addresses the individual's specific mobility limitations and allows them to continue to participate in meal preparation activities independently. Training in the use of adapted cooking equipment may also be helpful, but it does not directly address the individual's inability to ambulate. Simple cooking activities while standing at the counter may not be feasible for someone with ALS who can no longer ambulate. Beginning with cold meals and progressing to hot meals does not address the individual's independence in meal preparation.

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52. Which of the following is the best example of "objective" information as written by an OT practitioner for the objective section of a discharge summary?

Explanation

The answer "Pt was initially able to work at the computer for only 10 minutes. Upon discharge, he can work at the computer for 3 hours with stretch breaks every 30 minutes" is the best example of "objective" information because it provides specific and measurable details about the patient's progress. It includes specific timeframes and actions, such as the initial ability to work for only 10 minutes and the current ability to work for 3 hours with stretch breaks every 30 minutes. This information is factual and can be observed or measured, making it objective rather than subjective.

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53. An individual has made gains in fine-motor coordination in the past week. Which of the following statements belongs in the assessment section of a SOAP note?

Explanation

The answer "Patient is demonstrating gradual improvement in fine-motor coordination" belongs in the assessment section of a SOAP note because it accurately summarizes the individual's progress in fine-motor coordination. The statement indicates that the patient is showing improvement over time, suggesting that their fine-motor skills have developed and become more refined. This information is important to include in the assessment section to track the patient's progress and determine the effectiveness of any interventions or treatments.

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54. A child with swallowing dysfunction is being discharged with a home-feeding program that includes eliminating foods with consistencies that are difficult to swallow. The OT would most likely recommend that the following type of food texture be avoided:

Explanation

The correct answer is liquids and solids combined (minestrone soup). This is because a child with swallowing dysfunction may have difficulty managing foods with mixed consistencies, such as minestrone soup which contains both liquids and solids. The OT would recommend avoiding this texture to prevent choking or aspiration. Instead, the OT may suggest smoother or more consistent textures, such as smooth semisolids or lumpy semisolids, which are easier to swallow and less likely to cause difficulties for the child.

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55. An individual with ALS swims three times a week to maximize strength and endurance. Initially able to swim for only 10 minutes, the individual is now able to swim 20 minutes without becoming fatigued. The next step is:

Explanation

The individual with ALS has been able to increase their swimming endurance from 10 minutes to 20 minutes without experiencing fatigue. This indicates that their strength and endurance have improved. To continue progressing and challenging themselves, the next step would be to increase the swimming time to 25 minutes or to their tolerance level. This will help them further improve their strength and endurance.

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56. A patient with parkinsons disease has particular difficulty with both starting movement and stopping movement. The best strategy for the OT to teach the person and the person's caregiver is to:

Explanation

The best strategy for the OT to teach the person and the person's caregiver is to provide a sensory cue, such as saying "stop!". This is because a patient with Parkinson's disease has difficulty with both starting and stopping movement. By providing a sensory cue, it helps the person to mentally identify the series of steps needed to initiate the movement and also provides a clear signal to stop the movement when necessary. This strategy can help improve the person's ability to control their movements and overcome the difficulties associated with Parkinson's disease.

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57. In an acute mental health facility, an individual refuses to participate in OT activities, and the therapist notes the refusal in the subjective section of a documentation note. Which form of refusal would most likely reflect acute depression?

Explanation

The form of refusal that most likely reflects acute depression is "Im just too tired." Acute depression often manifests with symptoms such as fatigue, lack of energy, and difficulty in engaging in activities. Therefore, feeling too tired to participate in OT activities aligns with the symptoms of acute depression.

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58. An OT practitioner is working on morning activities of daily living with a young adult who recently sustained a traumatic brain injury. The client requires prompting to apply shaving cream to his face and pick up his razor. After these cues, the client is then able to complete the activity. This is most likely to be documented as a deficit in which of the following performance components?

Explanation

The client's ability to complete the activity after being prompted suggests that the deficit lies in initiation. Initiation refers to the ability to independently begin or start a task or activity. In this case, the client requires prompting to start applying shaving cream and picking up the razor, indicating a difficulty with initiating these actions on their own.

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59. A preschooler with a diagnosis of developmental delay is very withdrawn and passive, while working on toilet skills, the child reaches out for a toothbrush and starts to brush her hair with it. The OT practitioner recognizes the primary importance og this behaviour as:

Explanation

The child reaching out for a toothbrush and starting to brush her hair with it indicates initiative and beginning task-directed behavior. This behavior shows that the child is actively engaging in a task, demonstrating independence and a willingness to take action. It suggests that the child is starting to understand and initiate activities on her own, which is a positive sign of development.

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60. An OT practitioner is helping a family plan a wheelchair ramp to the front door of their home. What is the minimum amount of space needed in front of the door to allow easy access by the wheelchair?

Explanation

The correct answer is 5 feet by 5 feet because it provides the most space for easy access by the wheelchair. A larger space allows for easier maneuverability and reduces the risk of accidents or difficulty in entering or exiting the home. This size also accommodates any additional equipment or assistance that may be required for the wheelchair user.

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61. During a stress management group, an individual recently diagnosed with MS compains that his teenage children are resistive to helping with chores that were previously his responsibility,such as mowing the lawn and taking out the trash. The stress management technique that would most successfully address this concern is: 

Explanation

Using effective communication skills would be the most successful stress management technique to address the individual's concern. By effectively communicating with his teenage children, the individual can express his needs and concerns regarding the chores that were previously his responsibility. This can help in fostering understanding, empathy, and cooperation among family members, leading to a more harmonious and supportive environment.

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62. An OT was reviewing an endorsed patient's chart and reads that the previous OT noted that the client has boutonniere deformity on the index and middle finger of the right hand. Which of the following describes this particular deformity?

Explanation

The correct answer is PIP joint flexion and DIP joint hyperextension. Boutonniere deformity is a condition in which there is flexion of the PIP (proximal interphalangeal) joint and hyperextension of the DIP (distal interphalangeal) joint. This deformity is commonly seen in conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or trauma to the extensor tendon. It leads to a characteristic appearance of the finger, with the PIP joint bent and the DIP joint extended.

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63. An OT is addressing concerns about sexual activity with a person who has L sided hemiplegia with spasticity. The best recommendation for positioning during intercourse would be:

Explanation

The best recommendation for positioning during intercourse for a person with left-sided hemiplegia with spasticity would be lying on the left side while propped with pillows. This position helps to provide support and stability for the individual with limited mobility on their left side. By lying on the left side, it allows for better access and comfort during sexual activity. Propping with pillows further enhances the support and helps to maintain a comfortable position.

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64. An individual with fine motor incoordination reports difficulty with self-care. Which of the following options would this individual find MOST beneficial?

Explanation

An individual with fine motor incoordination may have difficulty with tasks that require precise hand movements. Using a toothpaste with a flip open cap would be most beneficial for this individual because it eliminates the need for fine motor skills to unscrew a traditional toothpaste cap. The flip open cap allows for easy access to the toothpaste, making it easier for the individual to squeeze out the desired amount without struggling with a cap. This accommodation promotes independence and makes the self-care task of brushing teeth more manageable for someone with fine motor incoordination.

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65. An infant born 15wks prematurely has a history of multiple medical issues including retinopathy of prematurity, mechanical ventilation for 5wks and poor feeding skills, the infant is now a 43 week old medically stable and egaging infant, with a G-tube and oxygen supplement of 2 liters by nasal cannula. Which of the ff is the most appropriate intervention to pursue at this tim?

Explanation

Multisensory input is the most appropriate intervention to pursue at this time because it helps stimulate and engage multiple senses of the infant, promoting their overall development. Given the infant's medical history and current condition, providing a variety of sensory experiences can support their cognitive, physical, and emotional growth. This intervention can include activities that involve touch, sight, sound, and movement, helping the infant explore and interact with their environment in a meaningful way.

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66. A student is unable to focus on a black board 20feet away and then refocus on the book on her desk to copy a mathematics problem. This most likely indicates a problem with:

Explanation

Accommodation refers to the ability of the eye to adjust its focus from distant objects to near objects. In this scenario, the student is unable to focus on the blackboard (distant object) and then refocus on the book (near object). This suggests a problem with accommodation, as the student is unable to properly adjust the focus of their eyes to see objects at different distances.

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67. A child with learning disabilities that have resulted in low frustration tolerance and poor self esteem is learning how to tie shoelaces. Which of the ff methods would be mostappropriate for this child?

Explanation

Backward chaining would be the most appropriate method for a child with learning disabilities, low frustration tolerance, and poor self-esteem who is learning how to tie shoelaces. This method involves breaking down the task into smaller steps and teaching the child the last step first. Once the child masters the last step, they move on to the second-to-last step, and so on, until they can complete the entire task independently. This approach helps build the child's confidence and reduces frustration as they experience success with each step before moving on to the next.

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68. An OT practitioner receives a referral to fabricate a splint that will assist with the maintenance of a functional hand position while keeping the soft tissues of the hand in a midrange position. Which splint would the OTR MOST likely select to address these needs?

Explanation

A resting pan splint would be the most likely choice for the OT practitioner to address the needs mentioned in the question. A resting pan splint is designed to support and maintain a functional hand position while keeping the soft tissues of the hand in a midrange position. This type of splint provides support and stability to the hand and wrist, allowing for proper alignment and preventing excessive flexion or extension. It is commonly used for conditions such as arthritis, tendonitis, or after a hand injury or surgery.

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69. An ot practitioner is assessing hand sensation in an older adult with diabetic neuropathies who frequently complains of hand pain. It appears that the client would benefit from a desensitization program. The OT informs the client that hypersensitivity training is typically graded from:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Soft to hard to rough." In a desensitization program, the goal is to gradually expose the client to different textures or stimuli to decrease hypersensitivity. Starting with soft textures and gradually progressing to harder and rougher textures allows the client's sensory system to adapt and become less sensitive over time. This approach helps the client to tolerate and engage in activities that may have previously caused discomfort or pain.

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70. During an OT interview the OT practitioner decides to respond to an individual by paraphrasing. The primary reason for this type of response is to:

Explanation

Paraphrasing is a technique used by OT practitioners to show acceptance and understanding to the individual. By restating the individual's comments in their own words, the practitioner demonstrates that they have actively listened and comprehended what the individual has said. This response helps to build rapport and trust with the individual, as it shows that the practitioner values their perspective and wants to ensure accurate understanding. Paraphrasing also allows the practitioner to clarify any misunderstandings and encourages the individual to provide further information if needed.

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71. Which of the ff is the bes position for promoting isolate head control in a child with very limited postural control and significant upper and lower extremity weakness?

Explanation

Prone over a wedge is the best position for promoting isolate head control in a child with very limited postural control and significant upper and lower extremity weakness. This position allows the child to engage their neck and upper body muscles to lift and control their head while providing support and stability through the use of a wedge. The prone position also helps to strengthen the muscles of the neck, back, and core, which are essential for maintaining head control. Additionally, the wedge provides a comfortable and secure surface for the child to practice head control without the need for excessive upper and lower extremity strength.

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72. Which of the following is the best activity for reducing the physical symptoms of muscle tension associated with anxiety disorders?

Explanation

Aerobic exercise is the best activity for reducing the physical symptoms of muscle tension associated with anxiety disorders. Engaging in activities like running, swimming, or cycling can help release endorphins, which are natural mood boosters and pain relievers. Aerobic exercise also increases blood flow to the muscles, reducing muscle tension and promoting relaxation. Additionally, it helps in improving sleep patterns and reducing stress levels, which are often associated with anxiety disorders.

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73. A preschool child with spastic cerebral palsy uses "bunny-hopping" for functional mobility during an OT evaluation. This indicates that a primitive pattern is being used for mobility. Which of the following reflexes is most likely being used by the child:

Explanation

The preschool child with spastic cerebral palsy using "bunny-hopping" for functional mobility indicates the use of a primitive pattern. The symmetrical tonic neck reflex is most likely being used by the child in this case. The symmetrical tonic neck reflex is a primitive reflex that occurs when the head is turned to one side, causing the limbs on that side to extend and the limbs on the opposite side to flex. This reflex is typically present in infants and should disappear by the age of 6 months. However, in children with cerebral palsy, this reflex may persist, leading to abnormal movement patterns such as bunny-hopping.

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74. A child with a learning disability has difficulty integrating visual, auditory, vestibular and somatosensory stimuli, and responds to stimuli primarily with defensiveness. The area of the central nervous system that serves as a center for these functions is the:

Explanation

The superior and inferior colliculi are parts of the midbrain that play a role in processing sensory information, particularly visual and auditory stimuli. They are involved in integrating and coordinating sensory inputs from different sources. In the case of a child with a learning disability, who has difficulty integrating various sensory inputs, the superior and inferior colliculi would be the most likely area of the central nervous system to be affected. Therefore, this answer is correct.

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75. An OT practitioner is fabricating a static splint to prevent further injury, reduce pain, and encourage proper positioning. Which of the following would best address these these goal?

Explanation

The correct answer is a resting pan splint for a client after a TBI who has been unresponsive in the ICU for 3 weeks, yet grimaces with passive digit extension. This option is the most appropriate because it addresses the goals of preventing further injury, reducing pain, and encouraging proper positioning. The client's unresponsiveness and grimacing suggest that they may have some level of discomfort or pain during passive digit extension, and a resting pan splint can help immobilize the hand and provide support to reduce pain and prevent further injury.

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76. The treatment goal for a 4-year old child with hypotonia is to improve grasp. Which of the following activities would be best for preparing the child's hand for grasp activities?

Explanation

Weight-bearing on hands would be the best activity for preparing the child's hand for grasp activities. This activity helps to strengthen the muscles in the hands and improve overall hand stability, which is essential for grasping objects. By bearing weight on their hands, the child will develop better control and coordination, making it easier for them to grasp and manipulate objects. Dropping blocks into a pail, placing pegs on a pegboard, and holding and eating a cookie may also help with fine motor skills, but they do not specifically target hand strength and stability like weight-bearing on hands does.

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77. An OT practitioner is performing discharge teaching with a client who sustained a deep laceration of the median and ulnar nerves. The practitioner informs the client that the two tactile senses that are the earliest to recover after a peripheral nerve injury are:

Explanation

After a peripheral nerve injury, the two tactile senses that are the earliest to recover are temperature and pain. This means that the client will start to regain their ability to sense temperature and feel pain before they regain other tactile senses such as light touch and proprioception.

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78. Adults with MR can be offred a variety of work alternatives, which of the ff most likely involves simple assembly or sorting and packaging tasks with supervision and subcontracted piecework?

Explanation

A sheltered workshop is the most likely work alternative for adults with MR that involves simple assembly or sorting and packaging tasks with supervision and subcontracted piecework. In a sheltered workshop, individuals with MR can work in a controlled and supportive environment where they can engage in tasks that suit their abilities. These workshops often provide structured work settings, supervision, and training to help individuals with MR develop their skills and abilities while earning a wage.

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79. A child with athetoid CP is learning to use augmentative communication and is frustrated because it takes so long to produce a sentence. Which of the ff is the best solution for this problem?

Explanation

Word prediction software is the best solution for the child with athetoid CP who is frustrated with the time it takes to produce a sentence using augmentative communication. This software can help the child by suggesting words or phrases based on their input, making it quicker and easier to form complete sentences. By reducing the time and effort required to communicate, the child can overcome their frustration and improve their overall communication skills.

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80. A homemaker is learning how to perform transfers into a bathtub after a total knee replacement. Despite having surgery 2 weeks ago, the client is still unable to extend or flex the knee greater than 20deg. Which of the ff would most likely allow for safe tub transfers?

Explanation

Using a tub transfer bench and leg lifter would most likely allow for safe tub transfers in this situation. Since the client is unable to extend or flex the knee greater than 20deg, using a tub transfer bench would provide a stable surface for the client to sit on while transferring into the bathtub. The leg lifter would assist in lifting and maneuvering the client's leg, minimizing strain on the knee. This option would provide support and safety during the transfer process, taking into consideration the client's limited knee mobility after the surgery.

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81. An OT practitioner is evaluating an individual who recently sustained a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The sensory portion of the test would be invalid for an individual with which one of the following impairments?

Explanation

The sensory portion of the test would be invalid for an individual with receptive aphasia. Receptive aphasia is a language impairment that affects the individual's ability to understand and comprehend language. Since the sensory portion of the test requires the individual to perceive and interpret sensory information, such as touch or temperature, it would not be valid for someone with receptive aphasia who may struggle to understand the instructions or the purpose of the test.

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82. An OT practitioner is working with a client in a work program setting. What is the first step to achieving the program objective of preventing reinjury within a work program?

Explanation

Learning proper body mechanics is the first step to achieving the program objective of preventing reinjury within a work program. This is because proper body mechanics help individuals maintain correct posture, use appropriate muscle groups, and avoid unnecessary strain or injury while performing work tasks. By learning and implementing proper body mechanics, clients can reduce the risk of reinjury and promote overall safety and well-being in the work program setting.

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83. An individual with poor writing skills needs to produce large amounts of legible material upon returning to work. The most appropriate method of compensation the OT could recommend would involve having the person:

Explanation

Learning to type would be the most appropriate method of compensation for an individual with poor writing skills who needs to produce large amounts of legible material upon returning to work. Typing can be faster and more efficient than handwriting, allowing the person to produce more material in less time. Additionally, typing can be easier on the hands and fingers, reducing fatigue and discomfort that may be experienced with extensive handwriting.

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84. An 8yo boy is being treated in OT for social withdrawal and depression. At the time of discharge, the best recreational activity for the OT practitioner to recommend for the child is:

Explanation

Boy scouts is the best recreational activity for the OT practitioner to recommend for the child because it promotes social interaction, teamwork, and personal development. Boy scouts activities involve outdoor adventures, learning practical skills, and engaging in community service, which can help the child overcome social withdrawal and depression by providing opportunities to connect with peers, build self-esteem, and develop new interests. Swimming lessons, computer games, and piano lessons may not offer the same level of social interaction and personal growth as boy scouts.

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85. According to brunstrom, a person who demonstrates developing spasticity on the hemiplgic side of the body with weak, associated movements in synergy and little active finger flexion would be in which stage of recovery?

Explanation

A person who demonstrates developing spasticity on the hemiplegic side of the body with weak, associated movements in synergy and little active finger flexion would be in stage 2 of recovery. In this stage, the individual begins to show some voluntary movements, although they are often limited and still influenced by spasticity and synergy patterns. The presence of weak, associated movements and little active finger flexion indicate that some motor control is returning, but it is still not fully functional.

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86. An individual in an adult day program demonstrates poor social skills and frequent sexual acting-out. The activity that would most effectively provide release for this individual's sexual tension is:

Explanation

Engaging in physical exercise such as jogging can effectively release sexual tension for individuals. Jogging allows for the release of endorphins, which can help reduce stress and anxiety. It also provides a healthy outlet for energy and can distract the individual from engaging in inappropriate sexual behaviors. Additionally, jogging promotes overall physical well-being, which can contribute to a positive sense of self and improved social interactions.

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87. A client who was fitted for an upper extremity prosthesis complains of pain at the stump site. The client comments that the absent limb still feels intact and that the pain is severe. This is most likely an example of:

Explanation

Phantom limb pain refers to the sensation of pain experienced in a limb that has been amputated. In this case, the client's complaint of pain at the stump site, along with the comment that the absent limb still feels intact, suggests that they are experiencing phantom limb pain. This phenomenon is believed to occur due to the brain's inability to adjust to the absence of sensory input from the amputated limb, leading to the perception of pain. Paresthesias refer to abnormal sensations such as tingling or numbness, while phantom limb sensation refers to the perception of the presence of the amputated limb. Neuromas, on the other hand, are abnormal growths of nerve tissue that can cause pain and other symptoms.

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88. "The patient has taken a more active role in the task group, as evidenced by the patient's willingness to contribute ideas and offer to assist in designing the unit mural." This statement would most appropriately be documented in which portion of a SOAP note?

Explanation

This statement would most appropriately be documented in the Objective portion of a SOAP note because it describes observable and measurable actions and behaviors of the patient, such as their willingness to contribute ideas and offer assistance in designing the unit mural. The Objective portion of a SOAP note is where healthcare professionals record factual information about the patient's condition, including physical examination findings and objective observations.

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89. An OT practitioner is informing a child's caregiver about when developmental milestones of childhood occupations typically occur. The therapist reports that infants sit without support for a few minutes by:

Explanation

Infants typically start sitting without support for a few minutes around 8-9 months of age. This milestone indicates that the child has developed enough strength and balance to maintain a sitting position without needing external support. It is important for the caregiver to be aware of this milestone as it can help them understand the child's development and provide appropriate support and encouragement during this stage.

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90. An OT practitioner is planning a self-feeding session with an individual with a C5 spinal cord injury. Which piece of feeding equipment would be MOST appropriate for the OT practitioner to introduce to the client?

Explanation

A mobile arm support would be the most appropriate piece of feeding equipment to introduce to the client with a C5 spinal cord injury. This device provides stability and support to the client's arm, allowing them to have better control and coordination while self-feeding. It helps compensate for the limited movement and strength in the upper extremities caused by the spinal cord injury, enabling the client to perform the feeding tasks more independently and efficiently.

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91. The OT is assessing the muscle tone muscle tone of a child with CP, in documenting the assessment results, the therapist would most likely describe the quality of the mm tone as:

Explanation

The therapist would most likely describe the quality of the muscle tone as "fluctuating" because muscle tone in children with cerebral palsy can vary and change over time. Fluctuating muscle tone refers to inconsistent and unpredictable changes in muscle stiffness and resistance. This description is commonly used in CP assessments as it accurately reflects the dynamic nature of muscle tone in these individuals.

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92. An OT practitioner is developing transition activities for a goup of 16yo students diagnosed as trainable mentally retarded. Which of the ff activities would be best for addressing goals related to transition?

Explanation

Going out for lunch to a fast-food restaurant would be the best activity for addressing goals related to transition for the group of 16-year-old students diagnosed as trainable mentally retarded. This activity allows the students to practice real-life skills such as ordering food in a public setting, interacting with restaurant staff, and making independent choices. It provides a hands-on experience that closely resembles the actual transition they will face in the future when they need to order food outside of a classroom setting.

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93. During evaluation, the OT asks a client with rheumatoid arthritis to raise her arm. The client's range of motion is limited to 90 degrees and she can tolerate moderate assistance in this position. The OT further observed that passive range of motion is the same as active range of motion. The manual muscle test grade would most likely be documented as:

Explanation

The client's range of motion is limited to 90 degrees and she can tolerate moderate assistance in this position. Additionally, the passive range of motion is the same as active range of motion. These findings indicate that the client has full range of motion and strength in her arm, despite the limitation to 90 degrees. Therefore, the manual muscle test grade would most likely be documented as Normal (5).

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94. An individual with left hemiparesis and impaired balance wishes to vacuum the floors upon return home. The best type of vacuum cleaner for the ot to recommend is a(n):

Explanation

A canister vacuum cleaner would be the best type of vacuum cleaner for an individual with left hemiparesis and impaired balance. Canister vacuum cleaners are typically lighter and more maneuverable than upright vacuum cleaners. They have a separate canister that can be carried or pulled along, while the vacuum head can be easily maneuvered with one hand. This would be beneficial for someone with impaired balance as it would require less effort and provide better control. Additionally, the canister design allows for easier access to hard-to-reach areas and more flexibility in cleaning different surfaces.

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95. A child diagnosed with mental retardation has been participating in a craft group structured as a parallel group. The child is now developing skills such as sharing materials and interacting with other group members. The next level of structured activity which the OT practitioner would recommend for the child is a/an:

Explanation

The correct answer is a Project group. A project group would be the next level of structured activity recommended for the child because it would allow them to further develop their skills in sharing materials and interacting with other group members. In a project group, the child would have the opportunity to work collaboratively with others towards a common goal or project, which would enhance their social skills and promote cooperation and teamwork. This would be a natural progression for the child as they continue to grow and develop their abilities.

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96. An OT practitioner working in a sheltered workshop with adult clients with developmental disabilities is preparing for a group of clients functioning at Allen's Cognitive Level Which of the following is the BEST method for introducing an assembly activity?

Explanation

Providing project samples for clients to duplicate is the best method for introducing an assembly activity to clients functioning at Allen's Cognitive Level. By providing visual examples, clients with developmental disabilities can better understand and follow the steps involved in the assembly process. This method allows them to learn through imitation and repetition, which is effective for individuals at this cognitive level.

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97. During the evaluation of a 6-month-old baby the OT practitioner gently pulls the infant from a supine position into a sitting position by the hands. The child demonstrates the ability to hold her head and trunk in alignment against gravity. This observable movement can most accurately be described by the OT as a:

Explanation

The correct answer is Flexion righting reaction. This is because when the OT practitioner pulls the infant from a supine position into a sitting position, the baby demonstrates the ability to hold her head and trunk in alignment against gravity. This is a flexion righting reaction, which refers to the baby's ability to flex and align their head and trunk against gravity in order to maintain a sitting position.

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98. The OT department has been asked to provide information to the hospital admin regarding the cost-effictiveness of services provided. Which of the ff methods would most effectively obtain this info?

Explanation

A productivity evaluation would most effectively obtain information regarding the cost-effectiveness of services provided by the OT department. This evaluation would assess the efficiency and effectiveness of the department's resources and processes in delivering services. It would focus on measuring the output and outcomes achieved in relation to the resources utilized, such as time, staff, and equipment. By analyzing productivity, the hospital admin can determine if the department is utilizing its resources efficiently and if the services provided are cost-effective. This evaluation provides quantitative data that can be used to make informed decisions regarding resource allocation and improvement strategies.

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99. An individual with left UE flaccidity is observed sitting in a wheelchair with his L UE dangling over the side. The first positioning device that should be assessed for this individual is a(n):

Explanation

The arm trough is the first positioning device that should be assessed for an individual with left upper extremity flaccidity who is observed sitting in a wheelchair with his left upper extremity dangling over the side. An arm trough provides support and helps maintain proper alignment of the arm, preventing it from hanging in an unsupported position. This can help prevent further complications and promote comfort and stability for the individual.

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100. An OT practitioner is instructing an individual with left hemiplegia how to remove a shirt. The correct sequence is:

Explanation

The correct sequence for removing a shirt for an individual with left hemiplegia is to first gather the shirt up at the back of the neck, then pull the gathered back fabric over the head, followed by removing the shirt from the unaffected arm, and finally removing the shirt from the affected arm. This sequence ensures that the individual can maintain balance and stability while removing the shirt, as well as minimize any discomfort or strain on the affected arm. By starting with gathering the shirt at the back of the neck, it allows for a smoother and more controlled removal process.

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An individual with aC6 spinal cord injury is unable to button his...
While observing a client who has just been admitted to the...
A therapist reviews an individual's chart as part of the screening...
A therapist is evaluating an individual with a peripheral nerve injury...
To assess an individual who is suspected of having carpal tunnel...
Which individual would benefit the most from using a wrist-driven...
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An individual attending an adult day program has expressed interest in...
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An individual has made gains in fine-motor coordination in the past...
A child with swallowing dysfunction is being discharged with a...
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During a stress management group, an individual recently diagnosed...
An OT was reviewing an endorsed patient's chart and reads that the...
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A child with learning disabilities that have resulted in low...
An OT practitioner receives a referral to fabricate a splint that will...
An ot practitioner is assessing hand sensation in an older adult with...
During an OT interview the OT practitioner decides to respond to an...
Which of the ff is the bes position for promoting isolate head control...
Which of the following is the best activity for reducing the physical...
A preschool child with spastic cerebral palsy uses "bunny-hopping" for...
A child with a learning disability has difficulty integrating visual,...
An OT practitioner is fabricating a static splint to prevent further...
The treatment goal for a 4-year old child with hypotonia is to improve...
An OT practitioner is performing discharge teaching with a client who...
Adults with MR can be offred a variety of work alternatives, which of...
A child with athetoid CP is learning to use augmentative communication...
A homemaker is learning how to perform transfers into a bathtub after...
An OT practitioner is evaluating an individual who recently sustained...
An OT practitioner is working with a client in a work program setting....
An individual with poor writing skills needs to produce large amounts...
An 8yo boy is being treated in OT for social withdrawal and...
According to brunstrom, a person who demonstrates developing...
An individual in an adult day program demonstrates poor social skills...
A client who was fitted for an upper extremity prosthesis complains of...
"The patient has taken a more active role in the task group, as...
An OT practitioner is informing a child's caregiver about when...
An OT practitioner is planning a self-feeding session with an...
The OT is assessing the muscle tone muscle tone of a child with CP, in...
An OT practitioner is developing transition activities for a goup of...
During evaluation, the OT asks a client with rheumatoid arthritis to...
An individual with left hemiparesis and impaired balance wishes to...
A child diagnosed with mental retardation has been participating in a...
An OT practitioner working in a sheltered workshop with adult clients...
During the evaluation of a 6-month-old baby the OT practitioner gently...
The OT department has been asked to provide information to the...
An individual with left UE flaccidity is observed sitting in a...
An OT practitioner is instructing an individual with left hemiplegia...
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