Purchase-to-pay Business Process Test Quiz

In the SAP ERP system, plant-specific purchasing is possible, which means that purchasing can be organized based on specific plants within the organization. This allows for more localized control and coordination of purchasing activities.

Cross-plant purchasing is also possible, which means that purchasing can be organized across multiple plants within the organization. This allows for centralized purchasing and coordination of materials across different plants.

Cross-company code purchasing is another possible scenario in SAP ERP, which means that purchasing can be organized across different company codes within the organization. This allows for centralized purchasing and coordination of materials across different legal entities within the organization.

The purchasing organization and purchasing group are the only organizational units relevant to the Purchase-to-Pay business process. The purchasing organization is responsible for managing the purchasing activities within a company, while the purchasing group is responsible for specific categories or materials. These units are directly involved in the procurement process and play a crucial role in the Purchase-to-Pay process. The other organizational units listed, such as storage location, client, company code, and plant, may be relevant to other functional areas within the SAP ERP system, but they are not specific to the Purchase-to-Pay process.

The stock types that specify the usability of materials in SAP ERP are un-restricted use, quality inspection, and blocked. The "un-restricted use" stock type indicates that the material can be used without any restrictions. The "quality inspection" stock type is used when the material is undergoing quality inspection and cannot be used until it is approved. The "blocked" stock type is used when the material is blocked and cannot be used due to some issues or restrictions.

Conditions in a purchase order determine the price at which the goods or services will be purchased. The price is a crucial aspect of any purchase order as it specifies the amount that the buyer is willing to pay for the products or services. The conditions may include any discounts, taxes, or additional charges that need to be considered while determining the final price.

To create a purchase order in the SAP ERP Procurement Cycle, three organizational levels are required: Plant, Purchasing organization, and Purchasing group. The plant represents the physical location where goods are produced or stored. The purchasing organization is responsible for procurement activities within the company. The purchasing group is a subgroup within the purchasing organization that is responsible for specific purchasing tasks. The storage location and vendor are not directly involved in the creation of a purchase order.

Goods movement types in SAP ERP include goods receipt, goods issue, stock transfers, and transfer posting. These types of movements involve the external and internal transfer of materials from one location to another within the inventory system. Transport order and goods receive are not recognized goods movement types in SAP ERP.

Purchase requisitions in SAP ERP can be created manually by the user or automatically through a Material Requirements Planning (MRP) run. They are used to request the purchasing organization to procure a specific quantity of a material or service by a certain date. Additionally, purchase requisitions derive information from both material and vendor master records, ensuring accurate and up-to-date data. However, it is not possible to create a purchase requisition for a material that does not have a master data record.

The correct answers are office supplies that are assigned to a cost center and material that is procured for an internal order. Consumable materials are materials that are subject to procurement transactions and their value is recorded in cost element or asset accounts. Office supplies that are assigned to a cost center and material that is procured for an internal order both fit this definition as they are materials that are procured and their value is recorded in the appropriate accounts.

The effects of the invoice verification accomplishment include creating an open item on the vendor's account and entering the invoice document in the purchase order history. These processes help maintain accurate records of vendor transactions and ensure transparency in the procurement process.

When the invoice is posted in SAP ERP, the GR/IR account within the general ledger is debited.

The correct answer states that a goods receipt for the warehouse can be posted into the stock types of unrestricted-use stock, quality inspection stock, and blocked stock. Additionally, it states that from quality-inspection stock and blocked stock, you can only withdraw material samples, scrap a quantity, or post an inventory difference. This means that materials cannot be withdrawn for consumption from quality-inspection stock or blocked stock.

Consumable materials are purchased for a specific account assignment object and are directly consumed without being put into stock. When a material is procured directly for consumption, there is no need for a material master. Consumable materials with a master data record can be managed based on quantity, but not based on value. Materials with a master data record cannot be procured for direct consumption.

The Purchasing Information System relies on information structures, which consist of three fundamental types of information: characteristics, period units, and key figures. Characteristics refer to the specific attributes or qualities of the objects being analyzed. Period units determine the time intervals used to measure and analyze data. Key figures are the performance figures or metrics that provide insights into the purchasing process. These three elements work together to provide a comprehensive understanding of the purchasing information within the system.

With the completion of logistic invoice verification in SAP ERP, the provisions in the GR/IR clearing account are reversed. This means that any outstanding amounts in the account are resolved or adjusted. Additionally, the purchase order history is updated to reflect the invoice verification process, providing a record of the transaction. Lastly, an open item is created in the vendor's account, indicating that there is an outstanding payment or balance to be settled.

The Goods Receipt posting is mandatory for stock materials because it is necessary to record the receipt of stock materials into inventory. When procuring consumable materials, the consumption account specified in the purchase order is debited with the procurement value at the time of goods receipt and/or invoice receipt. This is because consumable materials are not held in inventory but are directly consumed in the production process. Similarly, when procuring stock materials, the stock account assigned to this material is debited with the procurement value at the time of goods receipt and/or invoice receipt to accurately reflect the increase in inventory.

The material master record can be assigned to different material types in different plants, allowing for flexibility in categorizing and managing materials across different locations. The data maintained in a view can be used in more than one organizational unit, enabling sharing of information across different departments or divisions. All logistic modules use the same material master record, ensuring consistency and integration of data across different functional areas. Each plant does not have to have its own material master record, as the record can be shared and accessed by multiple plants.

Purchase orders can be created without reference to a purchase requisition, meaning that they can be initiated independently. Purchase orders also derive information from vendor master data, material master data, and purchasing info records, which helps in ensuring accurate and complete information is included in the order. Additionally, a purchase order can initiate a stock transport order in another plant of the company, enabling the movement of goods between different locations.

When recording a goods receipt in SAP ERP, three activities take place. First, the status of the purchase order history is updated automatically, providing an updated record of the relevant purchasing document items. Second, an accounting document is created to track the effects of the material movement on the stock's value. Finally, multiple goods receipt items can be entered in one operation against a purchase order item, streamlining the process.

Movement types in SAP ERP play a central role in determining whether a goods movement is a goods issue or a goods receipt. Additionally, the movement type used also controls the screen layout of the input mask for document entry or for updating quantity fields.

The vendor master record contains different views of data that are necessary for controlling transaction data for a vendor. The general data view contains data that are valid on a client-level, meaning they are applicable to all company codes within the client. Accounting data, on the other hand, are stored on the company code level, as they pertain to specific financial transactions within a company code. Purchasing data about a vendor are maintained on the purchasing organization level, as this data is relevant to the procurement process within a specific purchasing organization. Finally, maintaining the accounting data of a vendor on the company code level is necessary to accomplish the purchase-to-pay business process, as it involves financial transactions specific to a company code.

Purchasing info records allow for the maintenance of prices and conditions, which can be applied to all purchase order items containing the material or vendor of the purchasing info record. Additionally, vendor data and vendor-specific data about a material can be defined within a purchasing info record.

Stock materials always have a material master record because the material master record contains all the relevant information about the material, such as its description, price, and storage location. The valuation class in the material master of a stock material specifies the account assignment category in the purchase order for material, which determines how the material will be accounted for in the procurement process. The account assignment category must be entered in the purchasing document when procuring material for consumption to ensure proper tracking and allocation of costs.

The first statement is true because invoice items can be posted with reference to a goods receipt, a purchase order, and a purchase requisition. The second statement is true because the system transfers the items from the purchase order along with their quantities that are still to be invoiced into the invoice document. The third statement is true because if the variances between the invoice values and the expected values from a purchase order exceed specified tolerances, the invoice is automatically blocked for payment.

The Procurement Application in SAP ERP is closely integrated with Financial Accounting. When a goods receipt is posted for a stock material, an accounting document is created that debits the General Ledger stock account and credits the goods receipt/invoice receipt clearing account with the value of the material received. Similarly, when a vendor invoice is posted, an accounting document is created that credits the vendor account in the Accounts Payable Sub-ledger and debits the goods receipt/invoice receipt clearing account with the value of the material invoiced. Upon invoice receipt, the Accounts Payable Sub-ledger reconciliation account in the General Ledger is credited with the value of the material invoiced. Additionally, payment of the vendor invoice creates an accounting document that debits the vendor account in the Accounts Payable Sub-ledger and the reconciliation account in the General Ledger.

The material master is divided into several views, and when entering general data in a particular view, an organizational level must be specified. The data in the basic view is valid on the client-level, meaning it applies to the entire organization. A SAP ERP user's authorizations for data maintenance can be limited to particular views of a material master, allowing for controlled access to specific data. When maintaining purchasing-relevant data in the material master, the organizational level must be specified as the plant, indicating the specific location where the purchasing activities will take place.