Pathophysiology Unit 9 Knowledge Check

Explanation
Impetigo is an acute, contagious infection of the skin that primarily affects the face and hands of children. It is usually caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. Hives, tinea, and cellulitis are not accurate explanations for the given symptoms.

Explanation
Herpes is the correct answer because it is a virus that can cause both chickenpox and shingles. Chickenpox is usually a childhood infection characterized by itchy red spots and fever, while shingles is a reactivation of the virus later in life that causes a painful rash. Papillomavirus causes warts and certain types of cancer, HIV is a virus that weakens the immune system, and adenovirus causes respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.

Explanation
Tinea cruris, tinea capitus, and tinea unguium are all forms of fungal infections that affect the skin. Tinea cruris, also known as jock itch, affects the groin area. Tinea capitus affects the scalp and hair follicles. Tinea unguium, also known as onychomycosis, affects the nails. However, tinea albicans is not a form of fungal infection that affects the skin. Tinea albicans is actually a type of yeast infection caused by the Candida albicans fungus, which commonly affects the mouth and genitals.

Explanation
Thrush is a condition caused by a fungal infection, specifically by the yeast Candida. It commonly occurs in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those who are immunocompromised. The infection leads to the development of creamy white patches in the oral cavity, including the tongue, inner cheeks, and throat. This explanation aligns with the given information about the condition and its prevalence in immunocompromised individuals.

Explanation
Melanoma is the correct answer because it is the deadliest form of skin cancer. It develops in the cells that produce melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin. Melanoma can spread to other parts of the body if not detected and treated early, making it more dangerous than other types of skin cancer such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Karposi's sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects the skin and other organs, but it is not specifically related to melanoma.