Chapter 3 Seeking Healthcare
- 1.Jeff, whose story introduced Chpt 3, failed to seek immediate health care for a broken hand mostly because
- A.
He did not believe that he was vulnerable to disability
- B.
He felt no pain
- C.
His hand looked normal
- D.
He was still able to use his hand in a normal fashion
- 2.Health psychologists use theoretical models to
- A.
Predict health-enhancing behaviors
- B.
Explain health-enhancing behaviors
- C.
Neither a nor b
- D.
Both a & b
- 3.The health belief model includes the concepts of
- A.
Perceived cause of the disease
- B.
Perceived barriers to health-enhancing behaviors
- C.
External locus of control
- D.
Subjective norms
- 4.Which of these concepts is NOT crucial to the theory of reasoned action?
- A.
Perceived susceptibility to disease
- B.
Motivations
- C.
Intentions
- D.
Attitudes
- 5.Besides subjective norms and people's attitudes toward behavior, the theoretical model that includes the notion of perceived behavioral control is the
- A.
Theory of reasoned action
- B.
Theory of planned behavior
- C.
Self-efficacy theory
- D.
Behavior modification
- 6.In Stage 2 of the precaution adoption process model, people are aware of a hazard, but they believe that others and not they are at risk. This attitude is called
- A.
An optimistic bias
- B.
A pessimistic bias
- C.
A rationalization
- D.
The ostrich effect
- 7.Although theories of health-protective behaviors have had some moderate success, they do not always accurately predict health-seeking behavior because
- A.
They concentrate on explanation of casues rather than prediction of behavior
- B.
They fail to include some factors that influence health-seeking behavior, such as poverty and public policy
- C.
They contradict common sense
- D.
They have been formulated by psychologists rather than physicians
- 8.One problem with the health belief model and the theory of reasoned action is that they
- A.
Tend to ignore the importance of personal control that people have over health-seeking behaviors
- B.
Have generated no research to support their assumptions
- C.
Do not adequately assess such barriers as racism and poverty
- D.
They are not supported by common sense
- 9.Which of these theories specifically includes the factor of ethnic background?
- A.
Health belief model
- B.
Theory of reasoned action
- C.
Theory of planned behavior
- D.
Precaution adoption process model
- 10.Although the terms "disease" and "illness" are often used interchangeably, they have somewhat different meansings. Technically, disease refers to ___ while illness refers to ___.
- A.
Psychological disorders...biological disorders
- B.
The process of physical damage...the epxerience of being sick
- C.
The experience of being sick...the provess of physical damage
- D.
An existing, official diagnosis...the process of physical damange
- 11.Edna has gone to the doctor, who told her that she has a sinus infection. The doctor wrote a prescription of antibiotics and told Edna to drink lots of liquids and take the antibiotics until they were gone. Edna wants to get well, so she follows the doctor's orders. Her actions are best described as...
- A.
Sick role behavior
- B.
Illness behavior
- C.
Irrational behavior
- D.
Psychotic behavior
- 12.People experiencing high levels of stress are ___ likely to report symptoms and ___ likely to have their symptoms acknowledged as indicating a disease.
- A.
More...more
- B.
More...less
- C.
Less...less
- D.
Less...more
- 13.Women are more likely than men to seek health care, possibly because
- A.
They feel less stress than men
- B.
They tend to be more introverted
- C.
They have more disease than men
- D.
They may be more sensitive to their internal body status
- 14.With equal symptoms, who is most likely to seek health care?
- A.
A 45-yr. old man who runs his own business
- B.
A 45-yr. old unemployed man
- C.
A 55-yr. old woman with a very low leve of stress
- D.
A 55-yr. old woman with a very high level of stress
- 15.According to David Mechanic, which of these symptom characteristics is LEAST likely to determine peole's response to illness?
- A.
Cost of treatment and hospitalization
- B.
Perceived severity of the illness
- C.
Visibility of the symptoms
- D.
The extent to which the symptoms intefere with normal daily functioning
- 16.In conceptualizing most diseases, people tend to
- A.
View chronic illnesses as having a time course that is lenghty
- B.
View their illness as more serious than it actually is
- C.
Be medically well-informed about the biological basis of illness
- D.
None of the above
- 17.Which of these factors was NOT among the factors identified by Howard Leventhal as a component in the conceptualization of illness?
- A.
Identification of the disease
- B.
Monetary cost of the illness and treatment
- C.
Cause of the disease
- D.
Consequences of the disease
- 18.Which of these industrialized nations has the greatest restrictions on access to health care?
- A.
France
- B.
China
- C.
Germany
- D.
United States
- 19.In the US
- A.
Most pople with health insurance are either employed or have a familiy member who is employed
- B.
All citizens must possess health insurance
- C.
Every person 65 or older receives free prescription drugs
- D.
Private health insurance is not available to people with Medicare
- 20.Currently, alternative health care
- A.
Is declining in popularity
- B.
Is limited mostly to highly superstitious patients
- C.
Is growing in popularity
- D.
Is more common than traditional health care
- 21.Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) began with the premise that
- A.
Every person is entitled to free medical care
- B.
General practitioners lak the training to deal with specialized medicine
- C.
Prevention is preferable to treatment
- D.
Alternative medicine is preferable to traditional medicine
- 22.With the advent of HMOs, physicians
- A.
Have lost some of their independence
- B.
Have become more authoritarian
- C.
Have been able to make medical care more personalized
- D.
All of these
- 23.One result of the rise of managed health care has been
- A.
Depersonalization of the physician-patient relationship
- B.
A steep rise in health care cost in the US
- C.
The rush of US citizens to seek health care in other countries, esp. Canada
- D.
The 200% increase in malpractice law suits against physicians in the US
- 24.The "nonperson" treatment that hospital patients expeirence arises from
- A.
The requirement that patients follow hospital routine
- B.
The intentional efforts by hospitals to transfer control from patients to staff
- C.
Physicians who do not care about their patients' well-being
- D.
All of these
- 25.Parents who reassure children who are about to undergo stressful medical procedures, telling them that "There's nothing to be afraid of,"
- A.
Provide effective models
- B.
Decrease anxiety levels in their children, but raise it in themselves
- C.
Are more effective than filmed models in helping a child cope with the stressful medical procedure
- D.
Tend to increase rather than decrease their children's fears.
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