Semester (Science, English, Maths) Year 9-10 2019

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1. An inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer and physicist. He/she registered more than 300 patents and best known for the contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system.  He/she is often called one of history's most important inventors whose discoveries were way ahead of the time and continue to influence technology today.

Explanation

Nikola Tesla is the correct answer because he was an inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, and physicist. He registered more than 300 patents and is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system. Tesla is often regarded as one of history's most important inventors, with his discoveries being far ahead of his time and continuing to influence technology today.

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About This Quiz
Semester (Science, English, Maths) Year 9-10 2019 - Quiz

Explore the SEMester (Science, English, Maths) quiz for Year 9-10 students. Engage with topics like the periodic table, the work of Stephen Hawking, and advancements in English language... see moreskills, enhancing understanding and application of these subjects. see less

2. He/she was a Polish chemist who coined the term radioactivity. He/she also discovered the elements polonium and radium. The unit for measuring radioactivity is named after this scientist.

Explanation

Marie Curie was a Polish chemist who made significant contributions to the field of radioactivity. She coined the term radioactivity and discovered the elements polonium and radium. Due to her groundbreaking work, the unit for measuring radioactivity was named after her, known as the Curie. Therefore, Marie Curie is the correct answer to this question.

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3. Is it true or false? Substances consisting of two elements, one of which is oxygen are called Oxides.

Explanation

Oxides are indeed substances consisting of two elements, one of which is oxygen. This term is commonly used in chemistry to describe compounds formed when oxygen combines with another element. Examples of oxides include carbon dioxide (CO2), iron oxide (Fe2O3), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). Therefore, the statement "Substances consisting of two elements, one of which is oxygen are called Oxides" is true.

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4. A French chemist and microbiologist who is best known for the discovery of vaccinations, pasteurization, and proving that germs cause disease. The discoveries of this scientist led to an understanding of microbes and diseases that has helped to save millions and millions of lives.

Explanation

Louis Pasteur is the correct answer because he is a French chemist and microbiologist who made significant contributions to the field of medicine. He discovered vaccinations, pasteurization, and proved that germs cause diseases. His discoveries revolutionized the understanding of microbes and diseases, leading to the development of effective treatments and saving countless lives. Pasteur's work laid the foundation for modern medicine and his contributions continue to be celebrated and utilized in the field of microbiology.

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5. Which one do you like?

Explanation

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6. Is it true or false? Distilled water does not contain impurities.

Explanation

Distilled water is created through a process that involves boiling water and collecting the condensed steam. This process effectively removes impurities such as minerals, chemicals, and microorganisms, resulting in a purer form of water. Therefore, distilled water does not contain impurities, making the statement "True" correct.

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7. Everyone knows the story of Archimedes and how he was given the task of finding out the true gold content of the king's crown. For a long time, he was at a _____ (LOSE) to know how to do it. Then, one day when he was stepping into his bath, he noticed that some of the water overflowed onto the floor.

Explanation

Archimedes was initially unsure about how to determine the true gold content of the king's crown. However, one day while he was getting into his bath, he observed that some of the water overflowed onto the floor. This observation led him to the realization that the volume of water displaced by an object is equal to the volume of the object itself. Applying this principle, Archimedes was able to solve the problem and determine the true gold content of the crown.

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8. Hawking wasn't the best student at school. Despite his average grades, both his teachers and his peers seemed to understand that they had a future genius among them, evidenced by the fact that his nickname was "Einstein". Once his Physics' teacher was grading tests of the 15 students in his class and found that when he graded everyone's test except Hawking's, the average grade for the class was 80%. After he graded Hawking's test, the test average became 81%. What was Hawking's score on the test?

Explanation

The average grade for the class was 80% before Hawking's test was graded. After grading his test, the average increased to 81%. This means that Hawking's score must be higher than the average of 80%. The only option that is higher than 80% is 95, so that must be Hawking's score on the test.

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9. Instantly, he was struck by the realisation that a crown made of pure gold would displace a different amount of water from one made of an alloy. Overcome with _____ (EXCITE) at having found the solution, he ran into the street shouting 'Eureka', or 'I have found it.'

Explanation

The correct answer is "excitement". The passage describes how the person suddenly realizes that a crown made of pure gold would displace a different amount of water compared to one made of an alloy. This realization fills them with excitement and they run into the street shouting "Eureka" or "I have found it".

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10. What is the molar volume of any gas? 

Explanation

The molar volume of any gas is 22.4 L/mol. This value is derived from the ideal gas law, which states that at standard temperature and pressure (STP), one mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. This relationship allows for easy conversion between the number of moles of a gas and its volume, making it a useful concept in chemistry and physics.

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11. The parable illustrates the way in which new ideas or solutions to problems sometimes seem to come to us suddenly, as a _____ (MIRACLE) flash of insight.

Explanation

The parable is used to show that new ideas or solutions can appear suddenly and unexpectedly, as if they were a miraculous flash of insight. The word "miraculous" emphasizes the idea that these insights can feel extraordinary and almost magical in their suddenness and effectiveness.

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12. Which metal is the best conductor of electricity? 

Explanation

Silver is the best conductor of electricity among the given options. This is because silver has the highest electrical conductivity of any metal. It has a high number of free electrons that can easily move through its atomic structure, allowing for the efficient flow of electric current. Copper is also a good conductor, but silver surpasses it in terms of conductivity. Iron and gold have lower conductivity compared to silver and copper.

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13. Similar moments are claimed for Descartes' _____ (INVENT) of co-ordinates and Crick and Watson's discovery of DNA.

Explanation

The correct answer is "INVENTION". This answer is supported by the clue in the question that mentions "Similar moments are claimed for Descartes' [Blank] (INVENT) of co-ordinates and Crick and Watson's discovery of DNA." This indicates that the word being sought is related to the act of inventing or creating something new. Therefore, "INVENTION" is the most suitable answer.

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14. In 2008 Steven Hawking's Questioning the universe  video was uploaded to a website where viewers can vote if they like or dislike the video. The video begins with a score of 0, and the score increases by 1 for each like vote and decreases by 1 for each dislike vote. After several minutes the video had a score of 90, and that 65% of the votes cast on his video were like votes. How many votes had been cast on Hawkins' video at that point?

Explanation

If the video starts with a score of 0 and after several minutes it has a score of 90, it means that there have been 90 more likes than dislikes. Since 65% of the votes were likes, it means that 35% were dislikes. Therefore, the difference between likes and dislikes is 65% - 35% = 30%. If this 30% represents 90 votes, then 100% would represent 300 votes. Therefore, 300 votes had been cast on Hawkins' video at that point.

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15. The contemporaries of this scientist called him/her "a chemist of genius, first-class physicist, a fruitful researcher in the fields of hydrodynamics, meteorology, geology, certain branches of chemical technology, a thorough expert of chemical industry and industry in general, and an original thinker in the field of economy". He/she became famous for the first periodic table of the elements that made possible to predict the discovery of many more elements. 

Explanation

Dmitri Mendeleev is the correct answer because he fits the description given in the question. He was highly regarded by his contemporaries for his expertise in various fields such as chemistry, physics, hydrodynamics, meteorology, geology, and chemical technology. Mendeleev is famous for creating the first periodic table of elements, which allowed for the prediction of the discovery of many more elements. The other scientists mentioned in the options may have made significant contributions in their respective fields, but they do not match the description provided in the question.

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16. Of course, the long and laborious processes of thought and logical _____ (DEDUCE) cannot be ignored. On the contrary. Eureka moments seem to occur only after a long period of consideration of the problem in hand.

Explanation

The passage mentions that the processes of thought and logical deduction cannot be ignored and that eureka moments occur after a long period of consideration. Therefore, the correct answer is deduction, which refers to the process of reaching a logical conclusion by reasoning and considering all the available information.

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17. Atoms with the same elements with different numbers of neutrons are called .... .

Explanation

Atoms with the same elements but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, giving them the same chemical properties, but they differ in their atomic mass due to the varying number of neutrons. Isotopes can have different physical properties and may be stable or radioactive.

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18.  Unit of measurement of the amount of a substance is called a ... .

Explanation

A mole is the unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of a substance. It represents the number of atoms, molecules, or ions in a given sample. The mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, or ions) as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon-12. It is widely used in chemistry to calculate chemical reactions, determine molecular weights, and compare different substances. The other options, gram, kilogram, and litre, are units of mass and volume, but they do not measure the amount of a substance.

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19. Is Nitrogen a good conductor of electricity?

Explanation

Nitrogen is not a good conductor of electricity. It is an insulator, meaning it does not allow the flow of electric current easily. While it is true that nitrogen can become a conductor if it is liquified, the statement "Nitrogen is a good conductor of electricity" is incorrect.

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20. Which elements are liquids in normal temperature?

Explanation

The correct answer is Only Bromine and Mercury. This is because at normal temperature, both Bromine and Mercury exist in liquid form. Florine and Chlorine are gases at normal temperature, while Iodine is a solid.

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21. He predicted new elements would be found ...

Explanation

The correct answer is "because there were gaps in his table." This is because the existence of gaps in the periodic table indicated that there were elements yet to be discovered. Mendeleev predicted the existence and properties of these unknown elements based on the patterns and trends he observed in the known elements. His predictions were later confirmed when the predicted elements were discovered, providing support for his ideas and the accuracy of the periodic table.

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22. Isotopes are atoms of an element ... .

Explanation

Isotopes are atoms of an element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. This means that isotopes have the same atomic number (which is determined by the number of protons) but different atomic masses (which is determined by the number of protons plus neutrons). This variation in the number of neutrons gives isotopes different physical properties and stability, but they still belong to the same element because they have the same number of protons and therefore the same chemical properties.

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23. A chlorine atom attains an octet by

Explanation

A chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons in its outermost energy level. To attain an octet (8 electrons in the outermost energy level), it needs to gain one electron. This will give the chlorine atom a full outer electron shell, making it more stable.

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24. It was discovered by Isaac Newton.  _____

Explanation

The given answer options "gravity, GRAVITY, gravitation" are all synonyms for the concept being described. The statement "It was discovered by Isaac Newton" suggests that the concept being referred to is gravity, as Isaac Newton is famously known for his work on the laws of gravity. Therefore, the correct answer is gravity, GRAVITY, gravitation.

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25. James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the structure of this. _____

Explanation

James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with discovering the structure of DNA. DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. The discovery of the DNA structure was a significant breakthrough in the field of molecular biology and laid the foundation for understanding genetics and heredity.

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26. The only way to progress is by synthesising what they already know with totally different information. When the thinker is involved with something apparently _____ (DIFFER) the brain reaches out and makes a connection between this and the problem.

Explanation

The question states that the only way to progress is by synthesising what they already know with totally different information. The word "different" is mentioned in the question as well. Therefore, the correct answer is "different".

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27. An atom has 9 protons and 10 neutrons. Its mass number is ...

Explanation

The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. In this case, the atom has 9 protons and 10 neutrons, so the mass number would be 9 + 10 = 19.

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28. A(n)  ___________ is a simple, pure substance that cannot be broken down further into a more simpler kind of substance.

Explanation

An element is a simple, pure substance that cannot be broken down further into a more simpler kind of substance. It consists of only one type of atom and cannot be separated into different components by physical or chemical means. Examples of elements include hydrogen, oxygen, and gold.

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29. To the thinker, the solution seems to have come like a flash of _____ (INSPIRE), out of nowhere.  

Explanation

The solution to a problem often appears suddenly and unexpectedly to a thinker, as if it came out of nowhere. This sudden realization is commonly referred to as inspiration. It is a moment of clarity and insight that allows the thinker to see the solution clearly and confidently. Inspiration can come from various sources such as personal experiences, observations, or even subconscious thinking. It is a powerful force that drives creativity and problem-solving.

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30. A Swedish chemist and inventor who invented dynamite. He/she held more than 350 patents, but he/she is more famous for establishing the awards. They are widely regarded as the most prestigious in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, medicine and peace.

Explanation

Alfred Nobel is the correct answer because he was a Swedish chemist and inventor who invented dynamite. He held more than 350 patents and is widely regarded for establishing the Nobel Prizes, which are considered the most prestigious awards in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, medicine, and peace.

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31. To complete his degree, Mendeleev ...

Explanation

Mendeleev completed his degree with the help of teachers and students. This suggests that he received assistance and support from both his instructors and peers throughout his academic journey. Their guidance and collaboration likely played a significant role in his successful completion of his degree.

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32. Mendeleev arranged elements by their weight...

Explanation

Mendeleev arranged elements by their weight, as Dalton had proposed. However, he went a step further and grouped them by their properties. This means that elements with similar properties were placed together, allowing for a better understanding of their behavior and relationships. By organizing the elements in this way, Mendeleev was able to create the periodic table, which is still used today to classify and study elements based on their properties.

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33. An element in Period 3, Group 7 has ...

Explanation

The answer "7 electrons in its valence layer and 3 energy levels" is correct because elements in Period 3 have a total of 3 energy levels and Group 7 elements have 7 electrons in their valence layer. This information is based on the periodic table, where the period number indicates the number of energy levels and the group number indicates the number of valence electrons.

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34. Which elements are the least reactive?

Explanation

The elements helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), and radon (Rn) are the least reactive because they have full valence electron shells. This means that they have stable electron configurations and do not readily gain or lose electrons to form compounds. As a result, they have very low reactivity and are often referred to as noble gases.

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35. To prove his theory of the Big Bang Stephen Hawking solved 15 complicated equations, one at a time. The first equation took him 1 day to solve, the second took him 2 days to solve, the third took him 3 days to solve, and so on, with each equation taking him 1 more day to solve than the previous one. Stephen solved the first equation on a Monday, and the second on a Wednesday. On what day of the week did he finish his 15th equation?

Explanation

Stephen solved the first equation on a Monday and the second on a Wednesday. This means that there is a gap of 2 days between the first and second equations. Since each equation takes one more day to solve than the previous one, the third equation would take 3 days to solve. Therefore, the gap between the second and third equations would be 3 days. Continuing this pattern, we can see that the gap between the 14th and 15th equations would be 15 days. Adding this gap to the day Stephen solved the 14th equation (which is a Monday) would give us the day he finished his 15th equation, which is also a Monday.

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36. What is the current status of penicillin as an antibiotic medicine according to the speaker?

Explanation

The speaker states that penicillin remains important as an antibiotic therapy. This suggests that penicillin is still considered effective and relevant in treating bacterial infections, despite the existence of newer antibiotic medicines.

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37.
Choose one fact about Chlorine that is not correct.

Explanation

Chlorine is not obtained mainly by the electrolysis of salts. It is actually obtained through the process of electrolysis of brine (sodium chloride solution). This process is known as the chloralkali process.

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38. Stephen Hawking died on the day of π, which is observed on March 14 since 3, 1, and 4 are the first three significant digits of π. Solve this Pi-problem. Pictured below are three identical boxes packed with pies. Which box contains the most pie? You can assume that all pies are exactly the same height.

Explanation

The question states that all three boxes are identical and packed with pies. Therefore, each box contains the same amount of pie.

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39. Einstein came up with the Theory of this. _____

Explanation

Einstein is credited with developing the Theory of Relativity.

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40. What happened when Fleming used a diluted solution of penicillin?

Explanation

When Fleming used a diluted solution of penicillin, the bacteria of influenza did not grow. This suggests that penicillin was effective in inhibiting the growth of the influenza bacteria.

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41. Why was penicillin not used for the public until 1941?

Explanation

The reason why penicillin was not used for the public until 1941 is because the scientists needed to make sure that it was not toxic. The first penicillin produced was potentially poisonous and not suitable for human use. Therefore, extensive testing and research were conducted to ensure its safety before it could be made available to the public.

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42. Palindromes have always fascinated Hawking. Once he was going in a car when his driver glanced at the mileage indicator and happened to notice that it displayed a palindromic number: 13931. Two hours later to his surprise it again displayed another palindrome. What average speed was Steven's car travelling, assuming its average speed was less than 70 mph? _____ mph

Explanation

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43. Given that approximately 76% of all the Chlorine atoms on Earth are Chlorine-35. and 24% of them are Chlorine-37, what is the atomic mass of Chlorine?

Explanation

The atomic mass of Chlorine is approximately 35.5. This is calculated by multiplying the percent abundance of Chlorine-35 (76%) by its atomic mass (35), and adding it to the percent abundance of Chlorine-37 (24%) multiplied by its atomic mass (37). So, (0.76 x 35) + (0.24 x 37) equals 35.5 (approx.).

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44. Mendeleev resigned from the university because ...

Explanation

Mendeleev resigned from the university because of his politics. This suggests that his political beliefs or activities were the reason for his resignation. It is likely that his political views clashed with the university's administration or policies, leading to his decision to leave.

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45. Antoine Lavoisier is often called the father of this branch of science. _____

Explanation

Antoine Lavoisier is often called the father of chemistry because of his significant contributions to the field. He is known for his meticulous experiments and his role in establishing the law of conservation of mass. Lavoisier also played a crucial role in developing the modern system of chemical nomenclature and conducting experiments that led to the discovery of oxygen's role in combustion. His work laid the foundation for the development of modern chemistry as a scientific discipline.

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46. Before his illness, Steven Hawking was a cox in Oxford Rowing Team. Suppose the team rowed a boat downstream for 42 miles. The return trip upstream took 8 hours longer. If the current flew at 2 mph, how fast did they row in still water? _____ mph

Explanation

The speed of the current is given as 2 mph. Since the team rowed downstream, the speed of the boat relative to the still water would be the sum of their rowing speed and the speed of the current, which is 2 mph. Let's assume the rowing speed in still water is x mph. Therefore, the speed downstream would be x + 2 mph. The distance traveled downstream is 42 miles. On the return trip upstream, the speed of the boat relative to the still water would be the difference between their rowing speed and the speed of the current, which is x - 2 mph. The distance traveled upstream is also 42 miles, but it took 8 hours longer. Using the formula time = distance/speed, we can set up the equation 42/(x + 2) = 42/(x - 2) + 8. Solving this equation, we find that x = 5 mph, which is the speed of the boat in still water.

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47. His mother's plans for his education ...

Explanation

The correct answer is "were ruined by the fire." This suggests that the mother's plans for the person's education were destroyed or disrupted due to a fire incident.

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48. What are the soluble bases called?

Explanation

Soluble bases are called alkalis. Alkalis are a type of base that can dissolve in water to form a solution. They are characterized by their ability to release hydroxide ions (OH-) in water. Examples of alkalis include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). These substances are commonly used in cleaning products, soaps, and in various industrial processes. They have a bitter taste and a slippery feel.

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49. Which fact about Alexander Fleming's life before he became a bacteriologist is true?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Alexander did not follow his family occupation." This means that Alexander Fleming did not pursue the same occupation as his family members. The other options state that he was born in Scotland in 1891, he studied medicine at a hospital in Edinburgh, and he was an average student at school and didn't have any special abilities, but these options are not true according to the question.

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50. What bad effects can penicillin have on patients? Tick all the correct options.

Explanation

Penicillin can have several adverse effects on patients, including skin rashes, swelling, and shock. Skin rashes are a common side effect of penicillin and can range from mild to severe. Swelling, also known as angioedema, can occur in various parts of the body, such as the face, lips, throat, or tongue. Shock is a severe reaction that can result from an allergic response to penicillin, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure and potentially life-threatening symptoms. However, a heart attack and headache are not typically associated with penicillin use.

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51. James Clerk Maxwell A. Working with electromagnetic radiation, Maxwell opened the door to many inventions which we all use every day: microwaves, televisions, radio, radar, and thermal imaging. His work also led to developments in space exploration, photography, engineering, and nuclear energy. B. Born in 1831 in Edinburgh, James attended the Edinburgh Academy as a boy, then moved on the Universities of Edinburgh and Cambridge. At just 25 years of age, he became Professor of Physics at Marischal College, Aberdeen, and later became the Professor of Experimental Physics at Cambridge. He stayed at this location for the next fifty years, and developed many important aspects of Physics. C. However, his most notable achievement was his work with electricity and magnetic lines of force. Between the years 1864 and 1873, he wrote mathematical equations explaining the behaviour of magnetic fields and electric fields. D. A deeply religious man, James strongly opposed Darwin's theory of evolution, which was just becoming popular. He died of abdominal cancer at age 48, in the year 1879. In 1977, the James Clerk Maxwell Foundation was formed in Scotland to honor this important scientist. E. James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) was one of the greatest scientists in history. He was a great inspiration to future scientists, including Einstein, who once said "The special theory of relativity owes its origins to Maxwell's equations of the electromagnetic field." F. The first of Maxwell's contributions to these fields was the study of Saturn's rings. He showed that the rings were made of numerous small solid particles. He then studied molecules of gases, formulating the Maxwell- Boltzman kinetic theory of gases. Working independently of Ludwig Boltzman, who also contributed to the theory, he determined that the temperature of molecules affects how they move.

Explanation

James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) was a renowned scientist who made significant contributions to the fields of physics and electromagnetism. His work revolutionized our understanding of electricity and magnetism, and paved the way for many inventions that we use today. Maxwell's equations, which he developed between 1864 and 1873, explained the behavior of magnetic fields and electric fields mathematically. He also studied Saturn's rings and the kinetic theory of gases. Despite his scientific achievements, Maxwell was a deeply religious man and opposed Darwin's theory of evolution. His work continues to inspire future scientists, including Albert Einstein, who credited Maxwell's equations as the basis for his theory of relativity.

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52. Suppose a ufologist recently reported a strange object, which he described as being in the shape of a quasi-pyramid, hovering over a cornfield. If you add the number of edges this figure has to its number of faces, what total do you arrive at?

Explanation

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53.
Choose one fact about Carbon monoxide that is not correct.

Explanation

Carbon monoxide is not used to increase agricultural productivity. It is a toxic gas that is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels. It is not used in the food industry for meat coloring either. Carbon monoxide is commonly found in volcanic gases, and exposure to it can be dangerous and even fatal. It is also known to cause mass suicide events in whales when they are exposed to high levels of carbon monoxide in the water.

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54. Time is circular - no beginning, no end. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, on the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death, and died at 76 on March 14, 2018 on the 139th anniversary of Einstein's birth. Imagine we take the number of years between the death of Galileo and the birth of Einstein and add the number of years between the birth of Einstein  and the birth of Hawking. What is the result? You need to round all the results to the nearest year. _____

Explanation

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55. Hydrogen atom has just one electron located at the first energy layer (orbit) whose capacity is 2 electrons. Therefore hydrogen is considered as:

Explanation

Hydrogen atom has just one electron located at the first energy layer (orbit) whose capacity is 2 electrons. Therefore, hydrogen can be considered as both a halogen and an alkali metal. Like halogens, hydrogen lacks just one electron to complete its valence shell, and like alkali metals, it possesses just one electron at its valence shell. This dual nature of hydrogen makes it unique and different from other elements.

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56.
Choose one fact about Silicon that is not correct.

Explanation

Silicon is not used as a conductor/semiconductor. It is actually a semiconductor material. Conductors, such as metals, have high electrical conductivity, while insulators have low electrical conductivity. Semiconductors, on the other hand, have intermediate electrical conductivity. Silicon is widely used in electronic devices and integrated circuits due to its semiconductor properties. It is able to conduct electricity under certain conditions, making it suitable for applications in transistors, diodes, and solar cells.

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57. Stephen Hawking found it possible to encounter the aliens. Suppose a number of aliens, who have just dropped in from another planet, emerge from their spacecraft.
  • there is more than one alien
  • each alien has the same number of fingers
  • each alien has at least one finger on each hand
  • the total number of fingers of all the aliens is between 200 and 300
  • the number of fingers each alien has is equal to the number of aliens
How many aliens are there? _____

Explanation

If there are 17 aliens, and each alien has the same number of fingers as the number of aliens, then each alien would have 17 fingers. Since each alien has at least one finger on each hand, they would have a minimum of 34 fingers. If there are more than one alien and each alien has the same number of fingers, then the total number of fingers of all the aliens would be a multiple of the number of aliens. The only multiple of 17 that falls between 200 and 300 is 17 x 17 = 289. Therefore, there are 17 aliens.

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58. Read the text about carbon and write the correct form of the words given in brackets. Carbon: A Common Element All things that take up space on Earth— _____ (include) solids, liquids, and gases—are made of matter. And all matter is made of chemical elements. So far, scientists _____ (identify) about 120 elements. Some of these are gold, helium, tin, oxygen, and carbon. Elements are basic. That _____ (mean) they cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Carbon is an interesting element. In nature, it _____ (find) in two different forms that have very different properties, or characteristics. A diamond is one form of carbon. As _____ (hard) natural substance known, diamonds are used to make cutting tools. And, of course, polished diamonds are beautiful gems often used in jewelry. Another form of the same element is graphite—which is soft, black, and slippery. 

Explanation

Carbon is a common element found in various forms. Scientists have identified about 120 elements, including carbon. Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Carbon is found in two different forms, diamond and graphite. Diamond is the hardest natural substance and is used for cutting tools and jewelry. Graphite, on the other hand, is soft, black, and slippery.

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59. The interesting thing is that the most famous ones seem to have occurred when the person was doing something _____ (CONNECTED) with the problem in question, like having a bath. What seems to happen is that, after puzzling over the matter for some time, people sometimes feel that they have reached a mental block.

Explanation

When the person is doing something "connected" with the problem in question, like having a bath, the most famous "aha" moments seem to occur. However, after puzzling over the matter for some time, people sometimes feel that they have reached a mental block. This suggests that the answer is "unconnected" or "disconnected" because the person is unable to make progress or find a solution while being immersed in the problem.

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60. Hawking studied galaxies. Every 'dot' that you can see in the image of the Hubble Deep Field is a galaxy. The area of the Hubble Deep Field image covers 1/32000000 of the sky, or the entire universe. There are 3000 dots, or galaxies, in the Hubble Deep Field. Use this figure to estimate the number of galaxies in the universe. _____

Explanation

The figure given, 96*10^10 or 960,000,000,000, represents the estimated number of galaxies in the universe. This estimation is based on the fact that the Hubble Deep Field image covers 1/32000000 of the sky, or the entire universe, and contains 3000 galaxies. By scaling up the number of galaxies in the observed area to the entire universe, we can estimate that there are approximately 96*10^10 or 960,000,000,000 galaxies in total.

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An inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer and physicist....
He/she was a Polish chemist who coined the term radioactivity. He/she...
Is it true or false? Substances consisting of two elements, one of...
A French chemist and microbiologist who is best known for the...
Which one do you like?
Is it true or false? Distilled water does not contain impurities.
Everyone knows the story of Archimedes and how he was given the task...
Hawking wasn't the best student at school. Despite his average...
Instantly, he was struck by the realisation that a crown made of pure...
What is the molar volume of any gas? 
The parable illustrates the way in which new ideas or solutions to...
Which metal is the best conductor of electricity? 
Similar moments are claimed for...
In 2008 Steven Hawking's Questioning the universe  video...
The contemporaries of this scientist called him/her "a chemist of...
Of course, the long and laborious processes of thought and logical...
Atoms with the same elements with different numbers of neutrons are...
 Unit of measurement of the amount of a substance is called a ......
Is Nitrogen a good conductor of electricity?
Which elements are liquids in normal temperature?
He predicted new elements would be found ...
Isotopes are atoms of an element ... .
A chlorine atom attains an octet by
It was discovered by Isaac Newton.  _____
James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the structure of this. ...
The only way to progress is by synthesising what they already know...
An atom has 9 protons and 10 neutrons. Its mass number is ...
A(n)  ___________ is a simple, pure substance that cannot be...
To the thinker, the solution seems to have come like a flash of...
A Swedish chemist and inventor who invented dynamite. He/she held more...
To complete his degree, Mendeleev ...
Mendeleev arranged elements by their weight...
An element in Period 3, Group 7 has ...
Which elements are the least reactive?
To prove his theory of the Big Bang Stephen Hawking solved 15...
What is the current status of penicillin as an antibiotic medicine...
Choose one fact about Chlorine that is not correct.
Stephen Hawking died on the day of π, which is observed on March 14...
Einstein came up with the Theory of this. _____
What happened when Fleming used a diluted solution of penicillin?
Why was penicillin not used for the public until 1941?
Palindromes have always fascinated Hawking. Once he was going in a car...
Given that approximately 76% of all the Chlorine atoms on Earth are...
Mendeleev resigned from the university because ...
Antoine Lavoisier is often called the father of this branch of...
Before his illness, Steven Hawking was a cox in Oxford...
His mother's plans for his education ...
What are the soluble bases called?
Which fact about Alexander Fleming's life before he became a...
What bad effects can penicillin have on patients? Tick all the correct...
James Clerk Maxwell ...
Suppose a ufologist recently reported a strange object, which he...
Choose one fact about Carbon monoxide that is not correct.
Time is circular - no beginning, no end. Stephen Hawking was born on...
Hydrogen atom has just one electron located at the first energy layer...
Choose one fact about Silicon that is not correct.
Stephen Hawking found it possible to encounter the aliens. ...
Read the text about carbon and write the correct form of the words...
The interesting thing is that the most famous ones seem to have...
Hawking studied galaxies. Every 'dot' that you can see in the...
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