Mock Test 8 - Gs Paper I

The protection of language, script, and culture of minorities is a fundamental right that is available only to citizens and not to foreigners. This right ensures that the cultural and linguistic diversity of minority groups within the country is safeguarded and promoted. It recognizes the importance of preserving and promoting the unique identities and heritage of these minority communities, which is considered essential for the overall cultural fabric of the nation. By restricting this right to citizens, it emphasizes the responsibility of the state towards its own citizens in preserving their cultural and linguistic heritage.

The correct answer is a) Sovereignty and integrity of the country. The Indian constitution guarantees freedom of speech but also imposes reasonable restrictions to protect the sovereignty and integrity of the country. This means that individuals are allowed to express their opinions and ideas, but they cannot use their freedom of speech to threaten the unity or security of the nation. This restriction ensures that freedom of speech is balanced with the need to maintain national security and stability.

A sudden decrease in birth rate would cause an increase in per capita income because with fewer children being born, the population would decrease over time. This would result in a decrease in the number of people that need to be supported by the economy, leading to a higher per capita income for the remaining population.

In a capitalist economy, the factors of production, such as land, labor, and capital, are owned individually. This means that individuals or private entities have the right to own and control these resources for their own benefit. In contrast, in a socialist economy, the factors of production are owned collectively or by the state, with the aim of promoting equality and social welfare. Therefore, the correct answer is capitalist.

The mass number of a nucleus is defined as the sum of the number of protons and neutrons present in the nucleus. This is because the mass number represents the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the nucleus. The atomic number, on the other hand, represents the number of protons in the nucleus. The atomic weight is the average mass of all the isotopes of an element, which may not necessarily be equal to the mass number of a specific nucleus.

The word "Hindus" in Article 25 of the Constitution of India refers to a specific religious group, which includes Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs. However, Parsees, who follow the Zoroastrian religion, are not included in this definition. This means that while Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs are considered as part of the Hindu religious group for the purposes of Article 25, Parsees are not included.

The right to equality is concerned with the abolition of social distinctions. This fundamental right ensures that all individuals are treated equally before the law, regardless of their caste, religion, race, sex, or place of birth. It prohibits any form of discrimination and promotes equal opportunities for all. By guaranteeing equal treatment, the right to equality aims to eliminate social hierarchies and create a more inclusive and just society.

Economic liberalization in India started with substantial changes in industrial licensing policy. This means that the process of obtaining licenses to start and operate industries was made easier and less restrictive. This allowed for more competition and growth in the industrial sector. This policy change was one of the first steps taken towards opening up the Indian economy and attracting foreign investment. It laid the foundation for further liberalization measures and played a crucial role in transforming India's economy.

The administration of Awadh after its annexation received popular acclaim and aroused the jealousy of other ruling princes. This statement suggests that the administration of Awadh was actually a cause of the rebellion of 1857. The rebellion was fueled by various administrative and economic factors, such as the deprivation of power and position for the Indian aristocracy, the unpopular land revenue policy, and the perception that the British system of justice was deliberately impoverishing the people. The popularity and jealousy surrounding the administration of Awadh would not be a cause for rebellion, but rather a potential source of support for the British rule.

When the moon is in its full moon stage and its closest point to Earth on its elliptical orbit, the phenomenon is called a supermoon. During this time, the moon appears larger and brighter in the night sky compared to other full moons. This occurs because the moon's orbit is not a perfect circle, causing it to be closer to Earth at certain points in its orbit. The term "supermoon" was coined by astrologer Richard Nolle in 1979 and has since been widely used to describe this phenomenon.

The incorrect categorization of a phase is "Constitutional agitation." This is because constitutional agitation was not a phase in the early period of resistance to British Rule in India. The other three options, tribal rebellions, peasant rebellions and agrarian uprisings, and civil rebellion, were all significant phases of resistance during this period. Constitutional agitation became more prominent in later years as Indians began to demand political reforms and rights through constitutional means.

The immediate cause of the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 was the introduction of cartridges greased with cow's fats. This sparked outrage among the Indian sepoys as it violated their religious beliefs. The cartridges had to be bitten open before use, and since cows were considered sacred in Hinduism and pigs were considered unclean in Islam, this offended both Hindu and Muslim sepoys. The introduction of these cartridges was seen as a deliberate attempt to undermine Indian religious sentiments and led to widespread unrest and rebellion among the sepoys, ultimately escalating into the Sepoy Mutiny.

The Supreme Court and High Courts are given the power to implement the Fundamental Right by the Constitution. This means that they have the authority to ensure that the rights guaranteed to citizens under the Constitution are protected and upheld. The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in the country, while the High Courts are the highest judicial authorities at the state level. Together, they play a crucial role in safeguarding the fundamental rights of individuals and ensuring that any violations are addressed and rectified.

The statement "They are absolute" is not correct under the Indian constitution. Fundamental rights in India are subject to reasonable restrictions imposed by the state in the interest of public order, morality, and the sovereignty of the country. Therefore, they are not absolute and can be limited under certain circumstances.

Articles 25 to 28 of the constitution emphasize its secular character. These articles guarantee the freedom of religion and the right to practice, profess, and propagate any religion. They also ensure that every religious denomination has the right to manage its own affairs and establish and maintain religious institutions. These articles promote religious tolerance and equality among all citizens, highlighting the constitution's commitment to a secular state where individuals are free to follow their own religious beliefs.

Smelting is the correct answer because it refers to the metallurgical process of extracting a metal from its ore by heating it to a high temperature in a furnace. This process involves the use of heat and a reducing agent to separate the desired metal from the impurities present in the ore, resulting in the metal being obtained in a fused or molten state. Roasting, calcinations, and froth floatation are different processes used in metallurgy but do not specifically involve obtaining a metal in a fused state.

The river Chambal flows through the states of Uttar Pradesh (UP), Madhya Pradesh (MP), and Rajasthan.

In a state economy, the government takes the sole responsibility of supplying goods and services (statement I). This means that the government controls the production and distribution of goods and services in the economy. Additionally, this system is also known as a centralized economy (statement IV), as the government centralizes the decision-making power and controls the economy. Therefore, both statements I and IV are correct.

Habeas Corpus is a bulwark of personal freedom because it is a legal action that protects individuals from unlawful detention or imprisonment. It ensures that a person cannot be held in custody without sufficient evidence or justification. Habeas Corpus allows individuals to challenge the legality of their detention and seek release if their rights have been violated. This fundamental principle safeguards personal freedom by preventing arbitrary or unjust imprisonment.

The Economic Survey is published by the Ministry of Finance. This annual document provides a comprehensive analysis of the Indian economy, including its current state, future prospects, and policy recommendations. It is prepared by a team of economists and experts within the Ministry of Finance, and serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and the general public in understanding the economic trends and challenges facing the country.

Development encompasses more than just economic growth. It also involves social change, which refers to the transformation and improvement of societal conditions, institutions, and relationships. This includes advancements in education, healthcare, gender equality, human rights, and other aspects that contribute to the overall well-being and progress of a society. Therefore, social change is an essential component of development, alongside economic growth and other factors.

The nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons. Electrons, on the other hand, are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are responsible for the mass of the atom, while the electrons determine its chemical properties. Therefore, the correct answer is protons and neutrons.

The given options are all fundamental rights. Therefore, none of the options is not a fundamental right. The correct answer is "None of the above."

The correct answer is "The wooing of high caste Hindu sepoys by 'white' officers was greatly resented." This answer suggests that the wooing of high caste Hindu sepoys by 'white' officers was not one of the causes of the revolt of 1857. This implies that the resentment towards this practice did not contribute to the uprising.

The correct answer is "They do not form gorges". This means that the characteristic of not forming gorges is not important for Himalayan rivers. The other three characteristics mentioned - having a great capacity for erosion, having a perennial flow, and many of them having their sources in the inner Himalaya - are all important characteristics of Himalayan rivers.

Both the assertion and the reason are true. The 1857 mutiny was indeed suppressed by the British. However, the reason provided, stating that only a few feudal lords participated in the mutiny, does not directly explain why the mutiny was suppressed. There were various other factors that contributed to the suppression of the mutiny, such as the superior military strength of the British, their strategic planning, and the lack of unity among the rebels. Therefore, while both statements are true, the reason does not accurately explain the assertion.

Quo-Warranto is a legal action taken to prevent the illegal seizure or usurpation of public offices by an individual. It serves as a means to challenge the authority and legitimacy of someone holding a public position without the proper qualifications or legal right to do so. By initiating a Quo-Warranto action, the court can investigate and potentially remove individuals who have wrongfully assumed public offices, ensuring that only qualified and lawful individuals hold positions of power.

The Son river is the correct answer because it is the only tributary of the Ganga river system that flows northwards. The Kosi, Ghaghara, and Gandak rivers all flow southwards and eventually join the Ganga river, but the Son river flows in the opposite direction, from south to north, before merging with the Ganga.

The high reactivity of fluorine is due to its high electronegativity. Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself in a chemical bond. Fluorine has the highest electronegativity among all the elements, which means it strongly attracts electrons towards itself. This high electronegativity makes fluorine highly reactive as it readily accepts or shares electrons with other atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. Therefore, the correct answer is its high electronegativity.

Article 33 empowers the parliament to restrict the fundamental rights of the members of armed forces, para-military forces, and police forces. This article allows the parliament to make laws that can limit the exercise of certain fundamental rights by these forces in order to maintain discipline, efficiency, and morale within the forces. It provides the necessary authority to impose restrictions on the fundamental rights of these forces, which may be necessary for the proper functioning and discipline of the armed forces, para-military forces, and police forces.

The reason why Bombay and Madras failed to rise in revolt like the northern provinces is because they were denuded of required leadership by the Ryotwari settlement. This settlement system, which was implemented by the British, directly dealt with the peasants or ryots, bypassing the traditional landed intermediaries. As a result, the local leadership that could have potentially organized and led a revolt was weakened or eliminated. This lack of strong leadership hindered the ability of Bombay and Madras to mobilize and revolt against British rule.

Britain has planned a "Lights Out" event to mark the centenary of World War I. This event involves turning off the lights in homes, public buildings, and landmarks for one hour to remember the millions of lives lost during the war. This event is a way to pay tribute to the sacrifices made by the soldiers and to create awareness about the history and significance of World War I.

The statement "The last effort of the old political order to regain power" best explains the nature of the revolt of 1857. This implies that the revolt was led by the traditional ruling elites who were trying to reclaim their authority and resist the British colonial rule. It suggests that the revolt was not a widespread movement of the common people, but rather a last-ditch attempt by the existing political order to maintain their control and influence.

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is responsible for printing and supplying currency notes in India. The RBI is the central banking institution of the country and has the authority to issue and manage the Indian rupee. It ensures the availability of an adequate quantity of currency notes to meet the demand of the economy. The printing of currency notes is carried out at various printing presses across the country, including the press in Delhi.

Awadh was annexed by Dalhousie for the British empire in India because the state was mal-administered. This implies that the British believed that the Awadh state was not being governed effectively or efficiently by its rulers, and therefore they saw it as an opportunity to intervene and take control. Dalhousie used this justification to justify the annexation and assert British control over Awadh.

The correct answer is the public sector investments in infrastructure and heavy industries. The Bombay Plan, drafted by GD Birla and JRD Tata, emphasized the importance of government investment in infrastructure and heavy industries. This approach suggests that the government should take an active role in promoting economic development by investing in sectors that are crucial for the growth of the economy. By investing in infrastructure and heavy industries, the government can create a solid foundation for industrial growth and stimulate overall economic progress.

The preventive detention act has a restraining effect on the right to constitutional remedies. This is because under this act, individuals can be detained without trial or without being informed of the charges against them. This limits their ability to seek legal remedies or challenge the legality of their detention, thus infringing upon their right to constitutional remedies.

Most rivers flowing west from the western ghats do not form deltas because of their high gradient. A high gradient means that the river has a steep slope, causing the water to flow quickly and forcefully. As a result, the river does not have enough time to deposit the eroded material and form a delta. Deltas are typically formed in areas where the river's velocity decreases, allowing sediment to settle and accumulate. However, due to the high gradient, these rivers in the western ghats do not have the necessary conditions for delta formation.

China has launched the "Yaogan XX" remote sensing satellite to carry out scientific experiments and provide early alerts about natural disasters. This indicates that China is actively investing in technology and infrastructure to monitor and respond to natural disasters.

The correct answer is Democratic Republic of Congo. The question asks about the country where the Ebola virus was first discovered. The Ebola virus was first identified in 1976 in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo, specifically in the village of Yambuku. This outbreak was the first recorded occurrence of the Ebola virus, and since then, there have been multiple outbreaks in different countries. The recent International health emergency declared by the World Health Organization is in response to the ongoing Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Per Capita Real Income is the most appropriate measure of a country's economic growth because it takes into account the average income per person adjusted for inflation. This measure provides a better understanding of the standard of living and economic well-being of the population. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders, but it does not consider population size or income distribution. Net Domestic Product (NDP) and Net National Product (NNP) are similar to GDP but deduct depreciation and income earned by foreign residents respectively, making them less suitable for measuring economic growth on an individual level.

A thermoset is a material that can be permanently deformed by heat and pressure. Unlike thermoplastics, which can be melted and reshaped multiple times, thermosets undergo a chemical reaction when heated and become rigid and hard, making them unable to be reformed. This property makes thermosets ideal for applications where durability and resistance to high temperatures are required, such as in electrical insulation, automotive parts, and construction materials.

The absence of strong leadership among the rebels was the least responsible factor for the failure of the revolt of 1857 mutiny. While strong leadership is crucial in any uprising, the other factors mentioned have a greater impact on the failure of the revolt. The absence of a developed political consciousness among Indians meant that there was a lack of unity and coordination among the rebels. The lack of support from the enlightened middle class weakened the revolt's influence and resources. Additionally, internal feuds and jealousies among the rebels further fragmented their efforts. Therefore, although strong leadership is important, it was not the primary reason for the failure of the revolt.

The luster of a metal is due to the presence of free electrons. When light falls on a metal surface, the free electrons in the metal absorb and re-emit the light, giving the metal its characteristic shine. This phenomenon is known as metallic bonding. The presence of free electrons allows metals to conduct electricity and heat effectively as well. High density, high polishing, and chemical inertness may contribute to the appearance of a metal, but they are not the primary reason for its luster.

India had agreed to phase out the use of Endosulfan by the year 2017 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. The Stockholm Convention is an international treaty that aims to eliminate or restrict the production and use of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that pose a threat to human health and the environment. Endosulfan is a highly toxic pesticide that has been linked to a range of health and environmental problems. By agreeing to phase out its use, India demonstrated its commitment to reducing the harmful effects of this pesticide and protecting its citizens and the environment.

Article 22 of the Constitution prohibits censorship. This means that the government cannot restrict or control the freedom of speech and expression. Censorship refers to the suppression or control of information, ideas, or artistic expression by the government or other authorities. Article 19 and Article 32 do not specifically address censorship, while the option "None" implies that no article prohibits censorship, which is incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is Art 22.

The correct answer is "gross national product at MARKET prices minus depreciation." National income represents the gross national product (GNP) at market prices, which is the total value of all goods and services produced by a country's residents in a given period. Depreciation refers to the wear and tear of capital goods over time, and it is subtracted from the GNP to calculate the national income. This adjustment accounts for the fact that capital goods lose value as they are used in production.

The given statement is correct. The main objective of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act is to make powers available for dealing with activities directed against the integrity and sovereignty of India. Additionally, a recent amendment has been made to include the damage to the monetary stability of the country by way of production or smuggling of high-quality fake Indian paper currency as a terrorist act. Therefore, both statements (a and b) are correct, and the answer is "None of the above."

The correct answer is "Net domestic product at factor cost." Net domestic product at factor cost refers to the total value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders during a specific time period, after deducting depreciation and indirect taxes, but before deducting subsidies. It measures the income earned by domestic factors of production (such as labor and capital) in the production process. This measure provides a more accurate representation of the income generated within a country's economy.

The immediate result of the Mutiny was the assumption of direct responsibility for the administration of India by the Crown. This means that the British government took over the control and governance of India directly, instead of through the East India Company. The lack of essential unity among the rebels was one of the reasons for the failure of the revolt. This suggests that the rebels were not able to effectively coordinate their efforts and lacked a unified front, which weakened their resistance against the British forces.