Diagnosis Quizzes Online & Trivia

Why it cannot be BISAP score as that is also assessed bed side ?

A. Regular exercise may reduce the risk of developing dementia

C. Sildenafil

1. bordetella pertussis infection-b. pertussis should be considered as a possible cause of postinfectious cough, especially if b. pertussis infections have been recently reported in the community, the patient has a history of contact with a known case, the cough has followed a biphasic course (mild and nonproductive at first, then violently spasmodic), or the patient presents with the characteristic whoop or with a cough-vomit syndrome. classically, b. pertussis infection has a 1- to 3-week incubation period; a catarrhal phase of conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, fever, malaise, and cough; and then a paroxysmal phase, during which the cough worsens. cough from pertussis usually lasts 4 to 6 weeks. the laboratory confirmation of b. pertussis in a clinical setting can be difficult to establish because there is usually a delay between the onset of cough and the suspicion of the disease and because there is no readily available, reliable serologic test for b. pertussis. cultures of nasopharyngeal secretions are usually negative beyond 2 weeks of infection, and confirmatory serologic testing requires paired acute and convalescent sera samples. polymerase chain reaction tests for b. pertussis have not yet been standardized. with postinfectious subacute cough from presumed or confirmed pertussis, antibiotic treatment may be helpful if prescribed within the first few weeks.

1. use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors-cough is a well-known side effect of ace inhibitors. the pathogenesis may be related to bradykinin sensitization of afferent sensory nerves in the airways. stimulation of cough appears to be a class effect of these drugs and is not dose related. in patients who experience a cough with one ace inhibitor, cough usually develops when another ace inhibitor is substituted. although the reported frequency of cough associated with ace inhibitors has varied widely, from 0.2% to 33%, prospective studies have shown that ace inhibitors account for 2% of chronic cough. cough has been reported to appear within a few hours of taking a first dose in many patients, but it may not become apparent for weeks, months, or even longer. in a prospective study of lisinopril rechallenge in patients who had previously experienced an ace inhibitorâ??induced cough, the median time for cough to redevelop was 19 days, and the median time to resolution during placebo washout was 26 days. ace inhibitor induced cough is diagnosed by stopping the drug and observing resolution of the cough.

Placenta previa-vaginal bleeding after 20 weeks of pregnancy is the primary symptom of placenta previa. the placenta normally attaches to the upper portion of the uterus which is more muscular and stronger to support the placenta. however, in placenta previa the placenta attaches to the lower portion of the uterus which is weaker, thinner, and more vascular. as you enter your second and third trimester, the cervix begins to thin and stretch in preparation for labor. as this area stretches it can cause the villi (blood vessels) to break therefore causing bleeding. placenta previa can lead to complications for both mother and baby. complications that may arise include placenta abruption, hemorrhaging, preterm labor, anemia for either mother or baby.

1. vasa previa-a velamentous placenta occurs when umbilical blood vessels abnormally travel through theamniochorionic membrane before reaching the placenta proper. if the vessels cross the internalos, a serious condition called vasa previa exists. as the fetus grows during pregnancy and theamniochorionic membrane stretches, the umbilical vessels may rupture. when that happens, thefetus will bleed to death. the mother is in no danger of bleeding to death in vasa previa becauseonly the umbilical vessels rupture.

D) Using oxygen may result in the patient developing carbon dioxide narcosis and hypoxemia.

C) Metabolic alkalosis

C) The kidneys regenerate and reabsorb bicarbonate to maintain a stable pH.

A) Diminished deep tendon reflexes

Late teens to early adulthood and again in the late 50s to early 60s