Child Psychology Test 1
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What is NOT a Dimension of Research?
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Lab vs. Naturalistic
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Theoretical versus Non-Theoretical
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Manipulative versus Non-Manipulative
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Age Difference versus Age Change
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Observational versus Non-Observational
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A quiz to help me with my Child Psych class
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- 2.
How many dimensions of research are there?
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1
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2
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3
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4
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5
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6
Correct Answer
A. 4Explanation
There are four dimensions of research.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which of these does NOT involve itself with Child Development?
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Behavior at different ages (descriptive step)
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Behavior changes
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Environmental factors
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Dietary observation of food intake.
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Variations (all children are different)
Correct Answer
A. Dietary observation of food intake.Explanation
Dietary observation of food intake does not directly involve itself with child development. While diet is important for a child's overall health and well-being, it is not specifically focused on child development. The other options, such as behavior at different ages, behavior changes, environmental factors, and variations, all directly relate to child development as they impact a child's growth, learning, and behavior.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What is Lab Study?
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Where you go into a person’s natural environment and observe them. (But you are not in control of any variables.) You can never come to a cause and effect conclusion.
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The strongest study we have. But there are a lot of things you can’t study. Might produce artificial behavior. You control all the different variables. It starts with a hypothesis. (A statement of behavior)
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A lot of research is about figuring out a lot of theories, or trying to verify/refute.
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A correlation that happens to relate to two things that don’t necessarily relate to each other and you can’t jump to a cause and effect conclusion.
Correct Answer
A. The strongest study we have. But there are a lot of things you can’t study. Might produce artificial behavior. You control all the different variables. It starts with a hypothesis. (A statement of behavior)Explanation
Lab study is considered the strongest study because it allows researchers to control all the variables and start with a hypothesis. However, there are limitations to lab studies as they may produce artificial behavior and there are certain things that cannot be studied. Lab studies cannot establish cause and effect conclusions, but they are valuable for testing theories and correlations that may exist between different variables.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What is Naturalistic study?
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The strongest study we have. But there are a lot of things you can’t study. Might produce artificial behavior. You control all the different variables. It starts with a hypothesis. (A statement of behavior)
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When you think things and mentally trick yourself. (You need a placebo control group)
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Where you go into a person’s natural environment and observe them. (But you are not in control of any variables.) You can never come to a cause and effect conclusion.
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A lot of research is about figuring out a lot of theories, or trying to verify/refute.
Correct Answer
A. Where you go into a person’s natural environment and observe them. (But you are not in control of any variables.) You can never come to a cause and effect conclusion.Explanation
A naturalistic study refers to a research method where researchers observe individuals in their natural environment without manipulating any variables. In this type of study, researchers do not have control over the variables, making it difficult to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. The answer correctly states that in a naturalistic study, researchers go into a person's natural environment to observe them, but they are not able to control any variables and cannot draw definitive cause and effect conclusions.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is an Independent Variable?
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The variable you are interested in but not directly controlled.
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When you think things and mentally trick yourself. (You need a placebo control group)
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The experimenter manipulates or controls
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A spurious correlation
Correct Answer
A. The experimenter manipulates or controlsExplanation
An independent variable is the variable that the experimenter manipulates or controls in an experiment. It is the variable that is intentionally changed or varied to observe its effect on the dependent variable. The experimenter has direct control over the independent variable and can manipulate it in different ways to test its impact on the outcome of the experiment.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is a Dependent Variable?
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The experimenter manipulates or controls
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The variable you are interested in but not directly controlled.
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A spurious correlation
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When you think things and mentally trick yourself. (You need a placebo control group)
Correct Answer
A. The variable you are interested in but not directly controlled.Explanation
A dependent variable is the variable that is being measured or observed in an experiment. It is the outcome or result that is influenced by the independent variable, which is the variable that is manipulated or controlled by the experimenter. In this case, the correct answer states that a dependent variable is the variable of interest but not directly controlled. This means that it is the variable that is affected by the changes made to the independent variable.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the placebo effect?
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Study is where you go into a person’s natural environment and observe them. (But you are not in control of any variables.) You can never come to a cause and effect conclusion.
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A correlation that happens to relate to two things that don’t necessarily relate to each other and you can’t jump to a cause and effect conclusion.
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When you think things and mentally trick yourself. (You need this control group)
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Looking at age differences (most child psychology is cross sectional)
Correct Answer
A. When you think things and mentally trick yourself. (You need this control group)Explanation
The placebo effect refers to the phenomenon where a person experiences a perceived improvement in their condition or symptoms after receiving a treatment that has no active therapeutic effect. This effect is believed to be due to the individual's belief in the treatment and their expectation of improvement. The mention of needing a control group in the explanation suggests that the placebo effect is related to the comparison between those who receive the placebo treatment and those who receive the actual treatment or no treatment at all.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What are Observer bias and Observer effects?
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You just being there is going to have an effect.
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Manipulating variables within the study. (Some things you can’t ethically manipulate).
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A correlation that happens to relate to two things that don’t necessarily relate to each other and you can’t jump to a cause and effect conclusion.
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At age differences (most child psychology is cross sectional)
Correct Answer
A. You just being there is going to have an effect.Explanation
Observer bias refers to the tendency of an observer to interpret or perceive information in a way that aligns with their own beliefs or expectations. This can lead to subjective judgments and inaccurate observations. Observer effects, on the other hand, refer to the influence that the mere presence of an observer can have on the behavior of the individuals being observed. This can result in altered behavior or responses due to the awareness of being observed. In the given answer, it suggests that the mere presence of the observer can have an effect on the study or observation being conducted.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What is the essence of Theoretical Research?
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Manipulating variables within the study. (Some things you can’t ethically manipulate).
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A lot of research is about figuring out a lot of theories, or trying to verify/refute
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A correlation that happens to relate to two things that don’t necessarily relate to each other and you can’t jump to a cause and effect conclusion.
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Become stuck in any one of these psychosexual stages, if the gratification of these stages is too much or too little.
Correct Answer
A. A lot of research is about figuring out a lot of theories, or trying to verify/refute -
- 11.
What is Manipulative Research?
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Emphasized the interactions with significant people in your life. (Lifespan theory)
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A correlational study without you interfering with the variables in the experiment
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Manipulating variables within the study. (Some things you can’t ethically manipulate).
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The reality principle
Correct Answer
A. Manipulating variables within the study. (Some things you can’t ethically manipulate).Explanation
Manipulative research refers to the practice of intentionally manipulating variables within a study. This means that researchers actively change or control certain factors to observe their impact on the outcome of the study. However, there are certain variables that cannot be ethically manipulated, such as human subjects' emotions or certain environmental factors. Therefore, researchers must be mindful of ethical considerations when conducting manipulative research.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The "Oral" stage is a Psychosexual stage...
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The "Oral" stage is a psychosexual stage according to Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development. This stage occurs during infancy, where the primary focus of pleasure is on the mouth. Freud believed that during this stage, infants derive pleasure from activities such as sucking, biting, and chewing. The successful completion of this stage is said to lead to the development of trust and the ability to form healthy relationships later in life. Therefore, the given statement that the "Oral" stage is a psychosexual stage is true.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Concerning Freud's theory, The "ID" is the reality principle...
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Freud's theory states that the "ID" operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of basic needs and desires, without considering the consequences or reality. The "ID" is driven by unconscious impulses and operates on primitive instincts. The reality principle, on the other hand, is associated with the "ego," which balances the desires of the "ID" with the constraints of the external world. Therefore, the correct answer is False, as the "ID" is not associated with the reality principle.Rate this question:
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- 14.
According to Freud, personality develops through stages...
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, personality develops through stages. Freud proposed that individuals go through five psychosexual stages of development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. Each stage is characterized by a different focus of pleasure and potential conflicts that need to be resolved. These stages play a crucial role in shaping an individual's personality and behavior. Therefore, the statement "True" is an accurate representation of Freud's perspective on personality development.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Freud dealt with hysterical patients who had physical problems caused by psychological distress.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Freud's work primarily focused on the treatment of hysterical patients, who often experienced physical symptoms as a result of underlying psychological distress. He believed that these physical symptoms were manifestations of repressed emotions and unresolved conflicts. Through psychoanalysis, Freud aimed to uncover and address the unconscious sources of these symptoms, ultimately providing relief to his patients. Therefore, the statement that Freud dealt with hysterical patients who had physical problems caused by psychological distress is true.Rate this question:
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- 16.
According to Freud, none of the problems he saw in patients occur in the subconscious...
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Freud believed that many psychological problems and conflicts originate from the subconscious mind. He argued that unconscious thoughts, desires, and memories influence our behavior and can lead to various psychological symptoms. Therefore, the statement that none of the problems he saw in patients occur in the subconscious is false according to Freud's theories.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The "Anal" stage, according to Freud is a psychosexual stage...
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The "Anal" stage, according to Freud, is a psychosexual stage of development that occurs during the ages of 1 to 3 years. During this stage, the child's focus of pleasure is on the anus, and they experience pleasure and control through bowel movements. Freud believed that conflicts and experiences during this stage could have a lasting impact on personality development. Therefore, the statement that the "Anal" stage is a psychosexual stage according to Freud is true.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What is the order in which the psychosexual stages go through from first to last?
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Phallic, Latency, Genital, Oral, Anal
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Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital
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Anal, Oral, Latency, Genital, Phallic
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Phallic, Genital, Latency, Oral, Anal
Correct Answer
A. Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, GenitalExplanation
The psychosexual stages, according to Sigmund Freud, are developmental stages that individuals go through from infancy to adulthood. The correct order of these stages is Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, and Genital. In the Oral stage, the focus of pleasure is on the mouth. This is followed by the Anal stage, where the focus shifts to the anus and the control of bodily functions. The Phallic stage comes next, during which children become aware of their own gender and develop complex feelings towards their parents. The Latency stage is a period of relative calm in sexual development. Finally, the Genital stage occurs during adolescence and adulthood, where the focus is on mature sexual relationships.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is Non-Manipulative Research?
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Manipulating variables within the study. (Some things you can’t ethically manipulate).
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A correlational study in which you do not interfere with the variables.
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A correlation that happens to relate to two things that don’t necessarily relate to each other and you can’t jump to a cause and effect conclusion.
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Take a group and follow them through retests. Longitudinal data gets changes but is extremely expensive and takes a long time.
Correct Answer
A. A correlational study in which you do not interfere with the variables.Explanation
Non-manipulative research refers to a type of study where the researcher does not intentionally manipulate the variables being investigated. Instead, it focuses on observing and analyzing the natural correlation between variables without interfering with them. This approach allows researchers to understand the relationship between variables without influencing or changing them artificially. It is particularly useful when it is not ethically or practically feasible to manipulate certain variables.Rate this question:
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- 20.
A correlation is strong...
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
A correlation is not necessarily strong just because it is true. The strength of a correlation is determined by the magnitude of the correlation coefficient, which ranges from -1 to 1. A correlation can be weak (close to 0), moderate (closer to -1 or 1), or strong (closer to -1 or 1). Therefore, the statement "A correlation is strong" is false because it does not provide enough information about the magnitude of the correlation coefficient.Rate this question:
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- 21.
A Spurious correlation: a correlation that happens to relate to two things that don’t necessarily relate to each other and you can’t jump to a cause and effect conclusion.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A spurious correlation refers to a correlation between two variables that do not have a causal relationship. This means that even if there is a statistical relationship between the variables, it does not imply that one variable causes the other. The statement in the question correctly defines a spurious correlation as a situation where two unrelated things appear to be related, but we cannot conclude a cause-and-effect relationship. Therefore, the correct answer is "True".Rate this question:
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- 22.
In a correlation, Opposite directions = positive correlation
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
In a correlation, opposite directions indicate a negative correlation, not a positive correlation. A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases, while a negative correlation means that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases. Therefore, the given statement is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 23.
In a correlation, same directions = positive correlation
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases. In this context, "same directions" refers to both variables increasing or both variables decreasing together. Therefore, if the correlation is positive, it implies that the variables are moving in the same direction, supporting the statement that "same directions = positive correlation."Rate this question:
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Feb 28, 2023Quiz Edited by
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