A Basic Child Psychology Quiz

Explanation
Klaus and Kennell's findings in 1976 actually suggest the opposite of the statement. According to their research, if a separation occurs during the first four hours following delivery, it can have a negative effect on a mother's ability to create a bond with her baby. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Explanation
Bowlby made the mistake of assuming that the separation from their mothers was the cause of the delinquency in the 44 juvenile thieves. This assumption may not be accurate as there could be various other factors contributing to their delinquency. It is important to consider multiple factors and not solely focus on the separation from mothers when studying the causes of delinquency in juveniles.

Explanation
The statement is false because correlation does not imply causation. Just because two factors are strongly correlated does not mean that one factor causes the other. Correlation simply means that there is a relationship or association between the two factors, but it does not indicate a cause-and-effect relationship. Other factors or variables could be influencing the relationship between the two factors, or the correlation could be coincidental. Therefore, it is incorrect to assume that correlation implies causation.

Explanation
Spitz's findings in 1945 revealed that children who had been separated from their mothers often displayed three specific behaviors. These behaviors included apathy, general depression, and slow development. The separation from their mothers had a negative impact on the emotional well-being and overall growth of these children, leading to a lack of interest or motivation, feelings of sadness or hopelessness, and a delay in their developmental milestones.

Explanation
Rheingold and Samuels demonstrated that toys and play facilities are vital to children's development. Through their research, they likely found that toys and play facilities help children develop various skills such as creativity, problem-solving, and social interaction. These resources provide opportunities for children to explore, imagine, and engage in different types of play, which are essential for their cognitive, emotional, and physical development.

Explanation
In 1951, day nurseries were dominated by hygiene rather than addressing psychological needs, as care was focused on maintaining cleanliness and preventing illness. Children attending these nurseries were often hospitalized for extended periods without any contact with their families, indicating a lack of emotional support and connection. Additionally, day nurseries were severely understaffed, suggesting that there was insufficient personnel to adequately care for the children.

Explanation
Bowlby's statement emphasizes the crucial role of a mother's love in the early stages of a child's life. He suggests that just as vitamins and proteins are essential for physical health, a child's mental health also relies on the presence of a nurturing and loving mother. This highlights the significance of a secure attachment between a child and their caregiver in promoting healthy emotional development.

Explanation
Maternal deprivation refers to the situation where a child has developed a close emotional bond with their mother and is subsequently separated from her. This separation can have negative effects on the child's emotional and psychological development. Therefore, the statement that maternal deprivation occurs when a child has formed a bond with their mother and is then deprived of that relationship is true.

Explanation
Goldfarb's findings in 1943 revealed that children who were raised in institutions faced developmental challenges in terms of their intellectual and linguistic abilities. This suggests that the statement "In 1943, Goldfarb found that children raised in institutions were often developmentally challenged intellectually and linguistically" is true.