CDC 4c071 Volume 1

In order to overcome the influence of racism, society must change its attitudes. Laws and policies can be put in place to discourage racism, but true change can only happen when individuals shift their mindset and beliefs. Education plays a crucial role in challenging and unlearning racist attitudes, promoting empathy and understanding among different racial groups. By addressing and transforming societal attitudes towards race, we can create a more inclusive and equal society.

The answer suggests that most people form prejudices based on the stereotypes they have learned over time. Stereotypes are generalizations or assumptions made about a particular group of people, often based on limited or biased information. These stereotypes are learned through various means such as media, upbringing, and societal influences. Prejudices formed based on learned stereotypes can lead to biased judgments and discriminatory behavior towards individuals or groups.

The given answer is "engage in discriminatory behavior". When counselors act upon their prejudices, it means that they are allowing their biases and preconceived notions to influence their actions and decisions. This can lead to unfair treatment and discrimination towards certain individuals or groups. By acting upon their prejudices, counselors are not becoming better people or ensuring equal treatment of all patients. Instead, they are engaging in discriminatory behavior, which goes against the principles of counseling and can harm the individuals they are supposed to help.

Westernized healthcare providers value empirically supported diagnostic tools and treatment. This means that they rely on scientific evidence and research to guide their diagnostic and treatment decisions. They prioritize using validated and reliable tools and techniques that have been proven effective through empirical studies. This approach is based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, which emphasizes the importance of using the best available evidence to inform clinical practice. By valuing empirically supported diagnostic tools and treatment, Westernized healthcare providers aim to provide the highest quality of care to their patients.

The Continuity Theory of Aging suggests that behavior and personality remain consistent throughout a person's lifespan. This theory argues that individuals maintain their previous patterns of behavior, preferences, and interests as they age, rather than developing new ones. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining continuity in one's activities, relationships, and lifestyle choices in order to achieve successful aging. This theory suggests that individuals adapt to the changes and challenges of aging by continuing to engage in activities and roles that are consistent with their past experiences and personal identity.

A counselor attending a luncheon hosted by the black heritage committee is an example of a strategy to become more culturally competent. By actively engaging in events and activities that promote cultural understanding and awareness, the counselor can gain insights into the experiences, perspectives, and values of different cultural groups. This can help the counselor develop the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively work with clients from diverse backgrounds and provide culturally sensitive counseling services.

Counselors distinguish between substance abuse and substance dependence by assessing tolerance, withdrawal, and compulsive use. Tolerance refers to the need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect. Withdrawal refers to the physical and psychological symptoms that occur when the substance is discontinued or reduced. Compulsive use refers to the inability to control or stop using the substance despite negative consequences. By evaluating these factors, counselors can determine whether an individual is experiencing substance abuse or dependence.

Alcohol can cause both temporary and permanent injuries to the brain. In the short term, alcohol impairs memory and cognitive function, leading to temporary memory loss and difficulty in forming new memories. However, long-term alcohol abuse can result in permanent brain damage, such as shrinkage of brain tissue and loss of brain cells. This can lead to cognitive impairments, memory problems, and even neurological disorders like dementia. Therefore, the effects of alcohol on the brain can range from temporary memory lapses to permanent brain damage.

The correct answer is "patient has the capacity to change." This answer suggests that in order to work with mental health patients, a counselor must believe that every patient has the ability to change and improve their mental health. This belief is important in providing effective counseling and support to patients, as it promotes a positive and hopeful outlook on their potential for growth and progress. By holding this belief, counselors can approach their work with patients with empathy, encouragement, and a focus on facilitating positive change.

Nicotine is a stimulant drug that activates the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased release of adrenaline. This results in an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Therefore, the initial physiological response to nicotine is increased blood pressure and heart rate.

The general time frame for the development and remission of an adjustment disorder is typically between 3 and 6 months. This means that the symptoms of adjustment disorder usually begin within 3 months of a stressful event or situation, and they typically resolve or improve within 6 months. It is important to note that this time frame can vary depending on the individual and the specific circumstances surrounding the adjustment disorder.

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image. People with anorexia nervosa often restrict their food intake to an extreme degree, leading to severe weight loss. Depression is commonly diagnosed in individuals with anorexia nervosa due to the psychological and emotional toll of the disorder. The constant preoccupation with food, weight, and body image can lead to feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and low self-esteem, which are common symptoms of depression. Additionally, the physical effects of malnutrition can also contribute to the development of depressive symptoms.

The installation commander is responsible for ensuring the establishment of at least one TSR team at each active duty Air Force installation with a MTF. This means that it is the installation commander's duty to make sure that there is a TSR team present at every installation with a medical treatment facility. The other options, such as the highest ranking enlisted mental health tech or TSR Team chief, may have important roles within the TSR team, but they do not have the overall responsibility of ensuring the establishment of the team at each installation. Similarly, the highest ranking privileged life skills provider does not have the authority to ensure the establishment of the TSR team.

Acute Intervention is a key to preventing long-term psychological scarring or PTSD. Acute Intervention refers to immediate and timely psychological support and intervention provided to individuals who have experienced a traumatic event. It aims to reduce the impact of the trauma and prevent the development of long-term psychological consequences. By addressing the trauma early on and providing appropriate support, individuals are less likely to develop long-term psychological scarring or PTSD.

The correct answer is "as many times as it proves useful." This answer suggests that the TSR team should conduct a group informational briefing after a particular incident multiple times, depending on the situation and the needs of the individuals involved. It emphasizes the importance of assessing the usefulness of each session and conducting additional briefings if necessary to provide adequate support and information to the affected individuals.

The role of the caretaker in the chemically dependent family is often referred to as the fixer. This individual takes on the responsibility of managing and solving problems within the family caused by the addiction. They may try to cover up or minimize the addict's behavior, enable their substance abuse, and maintain a sense of control and stability in the family. The caretaker often sacrifices their own needs and well-being to maintain the appearance of a functioning and cohesive family unit.

The primary characteristic of anorexia nervosa is the refusal to maintain an appropriate body weight. Individuals with anorexia nervosa have a distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight. They restrict their food intake and may engage in excessive exercise or other behaviors to lose weight. This refusal to maintain a healthy weight is a key feature of the disorder.

Opioids are the most prescribed of all medications due to their effectiveness in managing moderate to severe pain. They work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, reducing the perception of pain. Opioids are commonly prescribed after surgeries, injuries, or for chronic pain conditions. However, their high potential for addiction and abuse has led to a public health crisis in many countries. Despite the risks, opioids continue to be widely prescribed for their pain-relieving properties.

A manic patient's initial behavior is characterized by increased productivity and increased energy. Mania is a state of elevated mood and hyperactivity, leading to heightened levels of energy and increased engagement in activities. This can result in the individual being highly productive and accomplishing tasks at a rapid pace. The combination of increased energy and productivity is a hallmark feature of manic behavior.

A panic attack is characterized by an intense fear or discomfort that arises suddenly and reaches its peak within minutes. The key characteristic of a panic attack is that the fear experienced is not related to any identifiable stressor or trigger. This means that the fear is not caused by a specific event or situation, but rather emerges seemingly out of nowhere. This is what distinguishes a panic attack from other anxiety-related conditions, where the fear is typically linked to a specific stressor.

Coexisting conditions refers to the situation when a patient has both alcoholism or substance abuse and other medical, legal, or social issues. This term is used to describe the simultaneous presence of multiple conditions that can complicate the treatment process. It acknowledges that the patient's alcohol or substance abuse problem is not the only concern, but that there are other factors that need to be addressed in order to provide comprehensive care.

The correct answer is "information obtained in all six ASAM dimensions." The ASAM (American Society of Addiction Medicine) dimensions are a comprehensive assessment tool used to evaluate a patient's substance use disorder and determine the appropriate treatment recommendations. These dimensions include the patient's acute intoxication/withdrawal potential, biomedical conditions and complications, emotional/behavioral/cognitive conditions and complications, readiness to change, relapse/continued use/continued problem potential, and recovery environment. Gathering information in all six dimensions allows for a thorough understanding of the patient's needs and helps guide the treatment planning process.

Toluene is a primary component of glue and plastic cement. It is a clear, colorless liquid that is commonly used as a solvent in various industrial applications. Toluene has excellent solvent properties, which make it effective in dissolving and bonding different materials, including glue and plastic. It is also known for its fast evaporation rate, which allows for quick drying of adhesives and cement. Therefore, toluene is an essential ingredient in the production of glue and plastic cement.

Most therapeutic relationships occur in the personal space zone. This is because therapeutic relationships require a level of closeness and trust between the therapist and the client. The personal space zone is typically defined as the distance of about 1.5 to 4 feet between individuals, which allows for a comfortable and intimate interaction while still maintaining a sense of personal boundaries. In this zone, individuals can engage in open and honest communication, which is crucial for the success of therapeutic relationships.

A 3 level tech is not typically part of the TSR team. The other options, such as a social worker, community readiness consultant, and 7 level tech, are more likely to be part of the TSR team. The term "TSR" is not defined in the question, so it is assumed to refer to a specific team or organization.

According to the AF's TSR guidelines, seeking assistance is recommended when symptoms last for over a month and/or impact work or social functioning. Flashbacks are a symptom that refers to the re-experiencing of a traumatic event, which can significantly affect an individual's daily life and functioning. Therefore, it is essential to seek assistance if flashbacks persist for an extended period and interfere with work or social activities.

MDMA, also known as ecstasy, is considered the most popular club drug due to its euphoric and empathogenic effects. It enhances mood, increases sociability, and intensifies sensory experiences, making it a popular choice among partygoers and clubbers. The drug stimulates the release of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine, leading to feelings of happiness, energy, and emotional closeness. Its popularity in club settings is also attributed to its ability to enhance the enjoyment of music and dancing.

Dissociation is an essential feature of PTSD. It refers to a mental process where a person disconnects from their thoughts, feelings, memories, or sense of identity as a way to cope with trauma. Individuals with PTSD often experience dissociation as a defense mechanism to protect themselves from the overwhelming emotions and distress associated with their traumatic experiences. This can manifest as feeling detached from oneself or one's surroundings, experiencing amnesia or gaps in memory, or feeling as if things are unreal or dreamlike. Dissociation is a common symptom of PTSD and plays a crucial role in understanding and diagnosing the disorder.

The effect of the traditional model of domestic violence presenting males as perpetrators and females as victims is the lack of comprehensive services offered to men who are victims of domestic violence. This stereotype has led to a focus on providing services and support to female victims, while neglecting the needs of male victims. As a result, there is a lack of appropriate screening measures in identifying male victims and a limited availability of services tailored to their specific needs.

The NCO is likely experiencing a situationally bound panic attack. This type of panic attack is triggered by a specific situation or event, in this case, the thought of giving a speech. The NCO's anxiety and fear are specifically tied to this situation, causing them to feel as though they are dying. This is different from an expected panic attack, which would occur in anticipation of a situation but not necessarily tied to a specific event. It is also different from an unexpected panic attack, which occurs without any apparent trigger. Finally, situationally predisposed panic attacks are more likely to occur in certain situations but are not necessarily bound to them.

Acute is the correct answer because it refers to symptoms that have been present for a short duration, typically less than 6 months. This term is used to describe adjustment disorder symptoms that arise in response to a stressful event or situation and resolve within a relatively short period of time. It is important to differentiate acute symptoms from chronic or persistent symptoms, which last for a longer duration.

A patient who is constantly seeking attention and has difficulty understanding boundary issues is likely to be diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder. Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior. Individuals with this disorder often have an intense need for approval and validation from others, and they may engage in dramatic or provocative behavior to gain attention. They may also have difficulty establishing and maintaining appropriate boundaries in relationships.

A past history of withdrawal syndrome increases the probability of experiencing some degree of withdrawal syndrome again. This is because the body and brain have already gone through the process of withdrawal before, making them more sensitive to the effects of substance withdrawal. Therefore, when the person discontinues substance use again, they are more likely to experience withdrawal symptoms.

Motivational interviewing seeks to resolve ambivalence. Ambivalence refers to having mixed feelings or contradictory thoughts about a particular issue or behavior. Motivational interviewing aims to help individuals explore and resolve this ambivalence by increasing their motivation and commitment to change. By addressing ambivalence, motivational interviewing can assist individuals in overcoming their internal conflicts and moving towards positive behavior change.

The counselor's role in supporting self-efficacy is to share a belief with the patient that they are capable of making change. By expressing this belief, the counselor helps to build the patient's confidence and belief in their own abilities. This support encourages the patient to take ownership of their actions and empowers them to make the necessary changes in their life. It creates a positive and empowering therapeutic relationship, where the patient feels supported and motivated to achieve their goals.

The time frame of binge behavior is less than two hours. Binge behavior refers to engaging in a specific activity excessively or compulsively within a short period of time. In this case, it suggests that binge behavior occurs within a time frame of less than two hours. This means that individuals who engage in binge behavior spend a significant amount of time engaging in the activity in a concentrated and excessive manner, but for a duration that is shorter than two hours.

Rapport refers to the mutual respect and trust that develops between the interviewer and the patient. It is a crucial aspect of building a therapeutic alliance, as it creates a comfortable and open environment for effective communication and collaboration. Developing rapport involves establishing a connection, understanding, and empathy with the patient, which ultimately contributes to the success of the therapeutic relationship.

A family genogram is a visual representation of a person's family history that includes information about biological relationships, such as parents, siblings, and grandparents. It provides a detailed overview of the biological factors that can influence an individual's health and well-being. Therefore, a family genogram assists in understanding the biological aspect of the biopsychosocial model, which emphasizes the interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors in determining health outcomes.

Personalities described as odd or eccentric belong to Cluster A of personality disorders. Cluster A includes disorders such as paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder. These disorders are characterized by unusual or eccentric behavior, social detachment, and distorted thinking patterns. People with Cluster A personality disorders may exhibit odd or peculiar beliefs, difficulty forming close relationships, and a preference for solitude.

The best benefit the patient receives from the therapeutic alliance is being able to take more responsibility for his or her life. Through the therapeutic alliance, the patient develops a strong and trusting relationship with the counselor, which allows them to feel empowered and take ownership of their own actions and decisions. This sense of responsibility can lead to personal growth, increased self-awareness, and the ability to make positive changes in their life based on their own choices and values.

In the fact revelation phase of group informational briefings, credible information is provided to help manage destructive rumors, decrease anxiety of the unknown, and allow the victims to regain a sense of control. This phase focuses on presenting accurate facts and addressing any misconceptions or rumors that may be circulating. By providing reliable information, it helps to establish trust and credibility among the group, reducing anxiety and promoting a sense of control and understanding.

The final phase of a group informational briefing is self aid and buddy care. This phase focuses on empowering individuals to take care of themselves and their peers in case of an emergency or crisis situation. It emphasizes the importance of providing immediate medical assistance and support to those in need, promoting a sense of responsibility and teamwork within the group. This phase ensures that individuals are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to address any injuries or medical emergencies effectively, contributing to the overall safety and well-being of the group.

The ASAM dimension that addresses any coexisting mental illnesses is 3, emotional, behavioral, or cognitive conditions and complications. This dimension focuses on evaluating and addressing any emotional, behavioral, or cognitive issues that may be present alongside substance use disorders. It involves assessing the individual's mental health, identifying any co-occurring conditions, and developing a treatment plan that addresses both the substance use disorder and the mental health condition. This dimension recognizes the importance of addressing the interconnectedness of mental health and substance use in order to provide comprehensive and effective treatment.

Glue-sniffing can lead to sudden deaths due to arrhythmia, which is an abnormal heart rhythm. Inhaling glue fumes can cause chemical imbalances in the body, specifically affecting the electrical signals that regulate the heart. This disruption can result in irregular heartbeats, causing the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or in an erratic pattern. If left untreated, arrhythmias can be life-threatening and can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death.

Chronic opioid usage commonly leads to constipation as a side effect. Opioids bind to receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, causing a decrease in motility and an increase in water absorption, resulting in slower movement of stool through the intestines. This can lead to difficulty in passing stool, bloating, and discomfort. Constipation is a well-known and frequently encountered side effect of opioid use, affecting a significant number of individuals who use these medications chronically.

In a chemically dependent family, the scapegoat is often seen as the troublemaker. This person is typically blamed for the family's problems and is often the target of criticism, anger, and blame. They may act out or rebel in response to the dysfunction within the family system. The scapegoat role serves as a distraction from the real issues within the family and allows other members to avoid taking responsibility for their own actions and behaviors.

An important consideration in using self-disclosure is understanding the reason for disclosing. This means that before sharing personal information, one should have a clear understanding of why they are choosing to disclose it. By understanding the reason for disclosing, individuals can ensure that their self-disclosure is purposeful and appropriate for the given situation. This consideration helps to avoid unnecessary or inappropriate disclosure, and allows individuals to make informed decisions about what information to share and when.

As the dosage of PCP increases, an individual's breathing, blood pressure, and pulse will begin to decrescendo. This means that these vital signs will gradually decrease or become less intense. This could be due to the sedative effects of PCP, which can cause a decrease in respiratory rate, blood pressure, and pulse rate. It is important to monitor these vital signs closely when administering PCP to ensure the individual's safety and well-being.

This behavior of spending a large amount of money on shoes in a short period of time is evidence of indiscretion. Indiscretion refers to a lack of judgment or restraint in one's actions, often leading to impulsive and irresponsible behavior. In this case, the patient's excessive spending on shoes demonstrates a lack of consideration for the consequences and a disregard for financial responsibility.

Acceptance is the correct answer because when a counselor withholds judgment of a patient, they are demonstrating acceptance of the patient's thoughts, feelings, and experiences without criticizing or evaluating them. This allows the patient to feel safe and supported, fostering a trusting therapeutic relationship. It also encourages the patient to openly express themselves and explore their emotions without fear of judgment, ultimately leading to a more effective counseling process.