Software Testing Quiz- ISTQB

Explanation
Designing tests early in the life cycle helps to prevent defects from being introduced into the code. By identifying and addressing potential issues at an early stage, developers can ensure that the code is more robust and reliable. This can save time and effort in the long run by reducing the need for extensive debugging and rework later on. Additionally, early testing allows for better alignment with requirements and specifications, leading to a higher quality end product.

Explanation
Risk-based testing is a testing approach that involves prioritizing tests based on their associated risks. This approach involves conducting a detailed risk analysis and determining the level of risk for each identified risk. The tests are then prioritized based on their corresponding risk levels, with tests for higher-risk areas being given priority. Therefore, the statement "True" indicates that the given explanation accurately describes risk-based testing.

Explanation
The correct answer is 4, 5, 99. This group represents three test inputs that cover the boundaries of the minimum order quantity (5) and the discount threshold (100). The first test input (4) is just below the minimum order quantity, the second test input (5) is exactly at the minimum order quantity, and the third test input (99) is just below the discount threshold. By testing these boundary values, we can ensure that the system handles them correctly.

Explanation
The key difference between preventative and reactive approaches to testing is the timing of when the tests are designed. Preventative tests are designed early in the software development process, with the aim of identifying and preventing potential issues before they occur. On the other hand, reactive tests are designed after the software has been produced, with the goal of identifying and fixing issues that have already occurred.

Explanation
Exit criteria are used to determine when a test level is complete. These criteria are defined in order to ensure that all necessary tests have been executed and that the desired level of quality has been achieved. By setting specific exit criteria, the testing team can determine when it is appropriate to move on to the next phase or level of testing. This helps to ensure that all necessary testing activities have been completed and that the software is ready for the next stage of development or release. Therefore, the given statement is true.

Explanation
The statement is true because the requirement analysis and specification provide a clear understanding of what the system is expected to do. This information is crucial for writing user acceptance test cases, as they need to ensure that the system meets the specified requirements and functions as expected. By using the output of the requirement analysis and specification, the test cases can be designed to cover all the necessary scenarios and validate the system's compliance with the user's needs and expectations.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Failure is a departure from specified behaviour." This means that failure occurs when something does not meet the expected or specified behavior. It implies that there was an expectation or standard set for a particular behavior, and if that behavior deviates from it, it is considered a failure.

Explanation
Fault masking refers to a situation where one error condition hides or masks another error condition. This means that when one error occurs, it prevents the detection or visibility of another error that may have occurred simultaneously or subsequently. This can be problematic as it can lead to the failure of error detection mechanisms and make it difficult to identify and resolve issues.