ISTQB Mock Test - Chapter 1

A quality system refers to a set of policies, processes, and procedures implemented by an organization to ensure that its products or services consistently meet specified requirements and customer needs. This means that the system is designed to ensure that the organization delivers products or services that meet the desired quality standards and fulfill the expectations of its customers. The other options provided in the question, such as being secure, costing more, or being delivered on time and budget, do not necessarily define a quality system, as these factors may vary depending on the specific context and requirements of the organization.

Deciding how much testing is enough depends on various factors such as business, technical, and product risks. Business risks refer to the potential negative impact on the business objectives or goals. Technical risks involve the possibility of failures or issues in the software or system. Product risks relate to the potential harm or dissatisfaction that users may experience. Considering all these risks is crucial in determining the appropriate level of testing required to mitigate them effectively.

The component test plan must specify test completion criteria because it is important to define the conditions that need to be met in order to consider the testing of a component complete. These criteria help ensure that all necessary tests have been executed and that the component meets the required quality standards before it is integrated into the larger system. Without specifying test completion criteria, there would be ambiguity and uncertainty regarding when the testing phase for the component can be considered finished.

Test control is done throughout the project to monitor and evaluate the progress of the project. It involves comparing the actual project progress with the planned progress to identify any deviations or discrepancies. By continuously monitoring the project, test control ensures that the project stays on track and meets its objectives. It also helps in making informed decisions and taking corrective actions if necessary. Therefore, test control is an ongoing process that occurs throughout the project lifecycle.

The correct answer is IEEE 829 because it is the widely recognized standard for software test documentation. This standard provides guidelines for documenting the various stages of the testing process, including test plans, test cases, and test reports. It ensures that the testing activities are well-documented and easily understandable by all stakeholders involved in the software development process. The use of this standard helps in maintaining consistency and quality in software testing documentation.

The number of resources is not an exit criteria measure because it does not determine when a project or task is completed. Exit criteria measures are typically used to assess the quality or completion of a project, such as cost, time, and fault found or coverage. The number of resources refers to the amount of people or materials allocated to a project, but it does not directly indicate if the project is finished or meets the required standards.

One common test objective is to ensure that the actual results of a test match the expected results. This involves verifying that the software or system behaves as intended and meets the specified requirements. Casual analysis, preventing defects, and analyzing the cause of failure are relevant aspects of testing but may not represent the primary test objective.

Defect clustering is a general testing principle that suggests that a small number of modules or components in a software system tend to contain a large number of defects. This means that a programmer working on complex code should be aware that certain areas of the code are more likely to have defects than others. By understanding this principle, the programmer can focus their testing efforts on these areas and allocate more time and resources to ensure that these defect-prone components are thoroughly tested and debugged.

The statement is true because a component test plan is a comprehensive document that outlines the testing strategy, objectives, resources, and schedules for testing a specific component of a software system. Having a single document ensures that all the necessary information is consolidated and easily accessible for the testing team. It also promotes better organization and coordination among team members, as they can refer to a single source of information. Additionally, a single document allows for easier updates and revisions, ensuring that everyone is working with the most current version of the test plan.

In software development and testing terminology, a defect refers to a flaw in the code that can potentially cause a failure. It is the actual coding mistake. The scenario describes a situation where a programmer, due to a momentary distraction, incorrectly programs the logic that checks the upper boundary of an input variable. This incorrect logic is the defect because it is an error in the code. If this defect leads to the system behaving unexpectedly or incorrectly, then it can result in a failure during operation. The root cause is the reason behind the occurrence of the defect (in this case, the distraction), and the error is often used synonymously with defect in casual use but can also refer to the action leading to the defect.

To perform unit testing effectively, a programmer should adopt the mindset of attention to detail. This means being meticulous and thorough in examining the code, ensuring that all aspects are thoroughly tested and no potential bugs or errors are overlooked. Attention to detail helps in identifying and fixing even the smallest issues, leading to more reliable and robust code. It also helps in achieving higher code quality and reducing the chances of bugs slipping through the testing process.

In software testing and quality assurance, the principle that ensures a fault fix doesn't cause side effects is known as "Regression Testing." Regression testing involves retesting a modified or updated software application to verify that the recent changes haven't introduced new defects or adverse impacts on previously functioning features. It helps ensure that fixing one issue doesn't inadvertently lead to the emergence of other issues in the software.

The correct answer is BS 7925-1 because it is a widely recognized standard that provides a comprehensive glossary of terms used in software testing. This standard helps testers and professionals in the field to have a common understanding of the terminology, ensuring effective communication and collaboration.

Analyzing cause of failure is not a test objective because the main purpose of testing is to identify defects and ensure the quality of the code. While analyzing the cause of failure may be a part of the testing process, it is not an objective in itself. The other options, gaining confidence about the quality of the code, finding defects, and preventing defects, are all valid test objectives as they directly contribute to ensuring the quality and reliability of the software.

The given answer states that defects do not occur due to the execution of software by changing hardware conditions. This implies that when software is executed on different hardware, it does not cause any defects or issues. This can be explained by the fact that modern software is designed to be compatible with various hardware configurations and can adapt to different conditions without causing any problems. Therefore, changing hardware conditions during software execution does not lead to defects.

One of the key principles of software testing is that early testing saves time and money. Identifying defects early in the software development lifecycle is more cost-effective than finding and fixing them later. This principle emphasizes the importance of involving testing activities from the beginning to prevent defects and reduce overall project costs. Exhaustive testing is impractical, testing can only show the presence of defects, not their absence, and defects do not naturally decrease over time without proper fixes.

A test design specification contains test inputs, expected results, procedure steps, and test conditions. Test inputs refer to the data or values that are used as input for the test. Expected results are the outcomes that are anticipated from the test. Procedure steps outline the sequence of actions to be performed during the test. Test conditions specify the prerequisites or conditions that must be met for the test to be executed successfully.

Test analysis and design includes the evaluation of the testability of the requirements and the system. This activity involves analyzing the requirements to identify test conditions, designing test cases and test data, and creating test scripts and test procedures. By evaluating the testability of the requirements and the system during this phase, potential issues and challenges related to testing can be identified and addressed early on, ensuring that the testing process is effective and efficient.

Black-box testing is a testing technique that focuses on evaluating the functionality of a software application without considering its internal code or structure. Testers perform black-box testing by providing inputs to the software and observing the outputs or responses it generates. This approach treats the software as a "black box" where the internal workings are not visible or known to the tester. The goal is to ensure that the software meets its specified requirements and functions correctly from a user or external perspective.

True. Writing a test summary report is indeed a test closure activity. The test summary report is prepared at the end of the testing phase to summarize the testing activities, results, and findings. It provides stakeholders with an overview of the testing process and outcomes and is an essential part of closing out the testing phase.

Test implementation and execution is a fundamental test activity because it involves the actual creation and execution of test cases. This activity includes writing test scripts, setting up test environments, executing tests, and reporting defects. It is an essential step in the testing process as it helps to verify the functionality and quality of the software being tested. Without proper test implementation and execution, it would be impossible to determine whether the software meets the desired requirements and specifications.

Determining the test approach is a major task of test planning. During this phase, the test team defines the overall strategy for testing, including the techniques, methods, and tools to be used, as well as the level of detail and the scope of testing. The test approach should be aligned with the project's objectives, risks, and constraints, and should ensure that the testing effort is focused on the most critical areas of the software under test.

During the test exit criteria activity, we assess whether the testing process has met the predetermined conditions to determine if more tests are required. This involves evaluating various factors such as test coverage, defect density, and overall test results. If the exit criteria are not met, it indicates that additional tests are needed to ensure the quality and reliability of the software being tested.

Bill Hetzel's principle states that testing must be planned. This means that before starting the testing process, a comprehensive plan should be created that outlines the objectives, scope, resources, and schedule for testing. This ensures that testing is conducted in a systematic and organized manner, allowing for effective identification and resolution of defects. Planning also helps in allocating the necessary resources and setting realistic expectations for the testing process. Therefore, the correct answer is Bill Hetzel principle.

A test condition refers to an item or event within a component or system that can be verified through the execution of one or more test cases. In other words, it is a specific aspect or characteristic that needs to be tested to ensure the functionality and quality of the component or system. Test conditions help in identifying the necessary inputs, preconditions, expected results, and post-conditions for testing purposes. By verifying these test conditions, testers can ensure that the component or system meets the required standards and specifications.