Pmc 1 Exam 3

114 Questions | By Sbolto0457 | Last updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Total Attempts: 70

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Androgens & Estrogens (Cox & Sumanasekera), Adrenocorticosteroids (Cox & Sumanasekera) and Antihistamines (Cox & McCune)

Questions and Answers

1.

A substituent attached to the 10 Carbon on the steroid nucleus shown here would have what numbering?
- A.
  
  18
- B.
  
  19
- C.
  
  20
- D.
  
  21
2.

Steroids bind receptors ____
- A.
  
  Inside the cell membrane
- B.
  
  Extracellularly
- C.
  
  Intracellularly
3.

Steroids act by binding intracellular receptors; the steroid-receptor complex then enters the nucleus and changes levels of proteins by altering the rate of DNA replication.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
4.

Testosterone exhibits poor bioavailability due to extensive 1st pass metabolism.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
5.

The steroid molecule shown here is transformed by which of the following enzymes?
- A.
  
  Gyrases
- B.
  
  Esterases
- C.
  
  Deaminases
- D.
  
  Phosphatases
6.

Esterases metabolize lipophilic esters found at C17 on steroid molecules. Where in the body can these enzymes be found?
- A.
  
  Liver only
- B.
  
  Lung and skin only
- C.
  
  Fat tissues only
- D.
  
  Throughout the body
7.

The purpose of esterification of steroid molecules with long carbon chains at C17 is to
- A.
  
  Reduce drug half-lfie
- B.
  
  Make the molecule more hydrophilic
- C.
  
  Extend drug half-life in the blood
- D.
  
  Minimize the lipophilicity of the molecule
8.

Finasteride and Dutasteride act by which of the following mechanisms?
- A.
  
  5a Reductase inhibition
- B.
  
  5a Reductase induction
- C.
  
  11b Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition
- D.
  
  11b Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase induction
9.

5-alpha Reductase inhibitors, such as Dutasteride, are irreversible modifiers.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
10.

The antiandrogens Bicalutamide, Flutamide and Nilutamide act by blocking the effects of testosterone and DHT on androgen receptors in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
11.

Which feature of the molecule shown here is very rarely found in drug molecules today?
- A.
  
  Tri-fluoro group
- B.
  
  Nitro group
- C.
  
  Amide group
- D.
  
  Cyano group
12.

Why is the nitro group found in antiandrogens such as Nilutamide and Flutamide so unusual in modern drugs?
- A.
  
  Highly nephrotoxic
- B.
  
  Highly hepatotoxic
- C.
  
  Highly neurotoxic
- D.
  
  Highly cardiotoxic
13.

Estrogens have an aromatic A ring, 18 Carbons and a 3-OH group. Which of the following is the most potent estrogen?
- A.
  
  Option 1
- B.
  
  Option 2
- C.
  
  Option 3
- D.
  
  Option 4
14.

The rightward reaction shown in this pictures is what type of reaction?
- A.
  
  Oxidation
- B.
  
  Reduction
- C.
  
  Amination
- D.
  
  Esterification
15.

What type of reaction is shown here?
- A.
  
  Reduction
- B.
  
  Dehydroxylation
- C.
  
  Oxidation
- D.
  
  Dehydration
16.

Which of the following are Phase 2 reactions undergone by Estrogens?
- A.
  
  Sulfation
- B.
  
  Glucuronidation
- C.
  
  Hydroxylation
- D.
  
  Esterification
17.

The enzyme which catalyzes the Phase 2 reaction of estradiol shown here is which of the following?
- A.
  
  UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
- B.
  
  Methyltransferase
- C.
  
  Thioesterase
- D.
  
  Sulfotransferase
18.

The reaction shown here occurs in Phase ___ and is catalyzed by the enzyme ______.
- A.
  
  2; dehydrogenase
- B.
  
  1; UGT
- C.
  
  2; UGT
- D.
  
  1; dehydrogenase
19.

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for enterohepatic cycling?
- A.
  
  Beta-glucuronidase
- B.
  
  Estrogen 2/4-hydroxylase
- C.
  
  COMT
- D.
  
  UGT
20.

The enzyme responsible for enterohepatic cycling, Beta-glucuronidase, can be found where?
- A.
  
  Bacteria in the liver
- B.
  
  Bacteria in the large intestine
- C.
  
  Liver cell membranes
- D.
  
  Intestinal cell membranes
21.

The drug-drug interaction between antibiotics and estrogens is due to the lack of Beta-glucuronidase that occurs after antibiotics kill intestinal bacteria. Estrogen levels decrease because estrogen can no longer undergo enterohepatic cycling.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
22.

Another name for the enzyme Estrogen 2/4-hydroxylase is
- A.
  
  CYP2D6
- B.
  
  CYP2C9
- C.
  
  CYP3A4
- D.
  
  CYP6D9
23.

The structure shown here is produced by metabolism of Estrogen by Estrogen 2-hydroxylase enzyme. This molecule is further metabolized by which of the following enzymes?
- A.
  
  UGT
- B.
  
  Estrogen 4-hydroxylase
- C.
  
  COMT
- D.
  
  Aromatase
24.

The purpose of the addition of the 17-alpha alkyne group to this estrogen molecule is to
- A.
  
  Increase molecular size
- B.
  
  Decrease oral bioavailability
- C.
  
  Increase oral bioavailability
- D.
  
  Make the molecule ionic
25.

Which of the following classes of drugs are estrogen antagonists?
- A.
  
  Aromatase Inhibitors
- B.
  
  Phenylethanolamines
- C.
  
  PDE5 Inhibitiors
- D.
  
  Triphenylethylenes