Pharma QUIZ By DRx

2.

Nicotinic receptors are found in

Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscles
Heart
Exocrine glands

Correct Answer

A. Skeletal muscles

Explanation

Nicotinic receptors are found in skeletal muscles because they are responsible for transmitting signals from the nervous system to the muscles, allowing for voluntary movement. These receptors are activated by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which binds to the receptors and triggers muscle contraction. Smooth muscle, on the other hand, is regulated by different types of receptors, such as muscarinic receptors. The heart also has its own set of receptors, known as adrenergic receptors, which respond to adrenaline and noradrenaline. Exocrine glands are not directly involved in muscle movement and therefore do not have nicotinic receptors.

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3.

Selective alpha-2 blocker

Yohimbine
Atenelol
Prazocin
Salbutamol

Correct Answer

A. Yohimbine

Explanation

Yohimbine is the correct answer because it is a selective alpha-2 blocker. Alpha-2 blockers are a class of medications that block the alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, leading to increased release of norepinephrine and other neurotransmitters. Yohimbine specifically targets the alpha-2 receptors, making it a selective alpha-2 blocker. This action can have various effects on the body, such as increasing blood pressure and heart rate.

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4.

A drug which has antithrombotic effect

Ibuprofen
Indomethacin
Aspirin
Diclofenac

Correct Answer

A. Aspirin

Explanation

Aspirin is the correct answer because it has an antithrombotic effect. It works by inhibiting the production of thromboxane A2, a substance that promotes platelet aggregation and blood clot formation. By reducing the production of this substance, aspirin helps to prevent the formation of blood clots, making it an effective antithrombotic drug. Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, and Diclofenac are all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), but they do not have the same antithrombotic effect as aspirin.

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5.

Non purine xanthine oxidase inhbitor

Febuxostat
Allopurinol
6-Mercapto purine
Rasburicase

Correct Answer

A. Febuxostat

Explanation

Febuxostat is a non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Xanthine oxidase is an enzyme involved in the production of uric acid, which is responsible for gout and kidney stones. Febuxostat works by inhibiting this enzyme, thereby reducing the production of uric acid. This makes it an effective treatment for gout and hyperuricemia. Allopurinol, on the other hand, is a purine analog that also inhibits xanthine oxidase. 6-Mercapto purine is a purine analog that is used as an antineoplastic agent. Rasburicase is an enzyme used to treat hyperuricemia in patients receiving chemotherapy.

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6.

Asafoetida is

Gum
Volatile oil
Terpenoid
An oleogum resin

Correct Answer

A. An oleogum resin

Explanation

Asafoetida is classified as an oleogum resin because it is a natural product that contains both gum and resin components. Oleogum resins are mixtures of volatile oils, resins, and gums, and they are commonly used in traditional medicine and culinary applications. Asafoetida, in particular, is derived from the sap of the Ferula plant and is known for its strong, pungent aroma and flavor. It is used as a spice and a digestive aid in many cuisines around the world.

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7.

Freeze drying is based on the principle of

Sublimation
Desiccation
Fluidisation
Reconstitution

Correct Answer

A. Sublimation

Explanation

Freeze drying is a process that involves removing the moisture from a substance by converting it directly from a solid to a gas, bypassing the liquid phase. This process is known as sublimation. Therefore, the correct answer is sublimation.

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8.

Molecules whose mirror images are non superimpossible are called

Stereoisomers
Geometric isomers
Conformation
Enantiomers

Correct Answer

A. Enantiomers

Explanation

Enantiomers are molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other. They have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in their spatial arrangement. Enantiomers have identical physical and chemical properties except for their interaction with polarized light, known as optical activity. This is due to the presence of a chiral center in enantiomers, which results in the ability to rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions. Stereoisomers, geometric isomers, and conformations do not specifically refer to mirror images and do not necessarily exhibit optical activity.

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9.

Example of anionic surfactant

Glycine
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
Trialkyl ammonium
Polyethylene glycol

Correct Answer

A. Sodium dodecyl sulphate

Explanation

Sodium dodecyl sulphate is an example of an anionic surfactant because it contains a negatively charged sulfate group. Anionic surfactants are characterized by their ability to form negative ions in solution, which allows them to interact with positively charged substances. Sodium dodecyl sulphate is commonly used in detergents and personal care products due to its excellent foaming and cleaning properties.

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10.

Which among following is a prodrug

Morphine
Ampicillin
Acyclovir
Ibuprofen

Correct Answer

A. Acyclovir

Explanation

Acyclovir is classified as a prodrug because it requires activation by viral enzymes in order to exert its antiviral activity. Once inside the infected cells, Acyclovir is converted into its active form by viral thymidine kinase. This active form then inhibits the replication of the viral DNA, making it an effective treatment for viral infections caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).

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11.

Formula used for calculating dose for an infant

Dillings formula
Clarks formula
Cowlings formula
Frieds formula

Correct Answer

A. Frieds formula

12.

Antidote for mercury poisoning

EDTA
Naloxone
Dimercaprol
Deferoxamine

Correct Answer

A. Dimercaprol

Explanation

Dimercaprol is the correct answer as it is an effective antidote for mercury poisoning. It works by binding to the mercury ions in the body, forming a complex that can be easily excreted by the kidneys. Dimercaprol is a chelating agent that can also be used to treat poisoning caused by other heavy metals such as arsenic and lead. It is administered through intramuscular injection and is considered a life-saving treatment for severe cases of mercury poisoning.

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13.

Which is an reversible process

Cracking
Creaming
Phase inversion
Breaking

Correct Answer

A. Creaming

Explanation

Creaming is a reversible process in which fat globules rise to the top of a liquid due to differences in density. This can occur in emulsions or suspensions, such as in milk or salad dressings. When left undisturbed, the fat globules will eventually separate from the liquid phase and form a distinct layer on top. However, this process can be easily reversed by stirring or shaking the mixture, causing the fat globules to disperse back into the liquid.

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14.

Example for an tablet disintegrants

Lactose
Acacia
Primogel
Talc

Correct Answer

A. Primogel

Explanation

Primogel is a suitable tablet disintegrant because it has the ability to absorb water and swell, thereby promoting the breakup of the tablet into smaller particles when it comes into contact with moisture. This helps in the rapid disintegration and dissolution of the tablet, allowing for efficient drug release and absorption in the body. Lactose, acacia, and talc may have other uses in tablet formulation but they are not primarily known for their disintegrant properties.

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15.

Gluconeogenesis mainly occurs in

Muscle
Pancreas
Kidney
Adipose tissue

Correct Answer

A. Kidney

Explanation

Gluconeogenesis is the process of producing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and glycerol. It occurs mainly in the liver and to a lesser extent in the kidneys. The kidneys play a crucial role in gluconeogenesis by converting amino acids into glucose. They also help maintain blood glucose levels during fasting or prolonged exercise when the liver's glycogen stores are depleted. While other tissues, such as muscle, pancreas, and adipose tissue, may contribute to gluconeogenesis to some extent, the kidneys are the primary site for this metabolic pathway.

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Pharma Quiz By Drx

Foxglove is

Quiz Preview

Nicotinic receptors are found in

Selective alpha-2 blocker

A drug which has antithrombotic effect

Non purine xanthine oxidase inhbitor

Asafoetida is

Freeze drying is based on the principle of

Molecules whose mirror images are non superimpossible are called

Example of anionic surfactant

Which among following is a prodrug

Formula used for calculating dose for an infant

Antidote for mercury poisoning

Which is an reversible process

Example for an tablet disintegrants

Gluconeogenesis mainly occurs in