Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Quiz: Test!

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  • 1/99 Questions

    Volume in milliliters occupied by 1 gram of a drug, including any adhering mucilage, after it has swollen in an aqueous liquid for 4 hours is

    • Water number
    • Swelling Index
    • Tannin Content
    • Bitterness value
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About This Quiz

The Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Quiz assesses key skills in pharmacology and analytical chemistry, focusing on drug distribution, spectroscopy, chromatography, and more. It's designed for aspiring pharmacists to test their knowledge and prepare for professional challenges.

Graduate Pharmacy Aptitude Quiz: Test! - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Distribution of drug in the human body depends on its

    • Dissociation constant

    • Type of dosage form in which it dispensed

    • Route of drug administration

    • All of these

    Correct Answer
    A. All of these
    Explanation
    The distribution of a drug in the human body depends on various factors, including its dissociation constant, the type of dosage form in which it is dispensed, and the route of drug administration. The dissociation constant determines the extent to which the drug will dissociate into its active form in the body. The type of dosage form affects the rate and extent of drug release, absorption, and distribution. The route of drug administration determines how the drug enters the body and reaches its target site. Therefore, all of these factors play a role in the distribution of a drug in the human body.

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  • 3. 

    Central Drugs Standard Control Organization is a regulatory authority of which country?

    • Japan

    • India

    • South Africa

    • Australia

    Correct Answer
    A. India
    Explanation
    Europe:European Medicines Agency (EMA)
    Japan:Japanese Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA)
    Australia:Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA)

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  • 4. 

    Stomatal index(SI) is used as an analytical constant for identification and authentification of:

    • Bark drug

    • Volatile oil

    • Leaf drug

    • Fixed oil

    Correct Answer
    A. Leaf drug
    Explanation
    Stomatal index (SI) refers to the ratio of the number of stomata to the number of epidermal cells in a leaf. It is used as an analytical constant for the identification and authentication of leaf drugs. Leaf drugs are derived from various plant leaves and are used for medicinal purposes. By determining the stomatal index, one can analyze and authenticate the leaf drug, ensuring its quality and effectiveness.

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  • 5. 

    Uitraviolet-Visible spectroscopy is a type of:

    • Emission spectroscopy

    • Absorption spectroscopy

    • Vibrational spectroscopy

    • None of these

    Correct Answer
    A. Absorption spectroscopy
    Explanation
    UV-Visible spectroscopy is a type of absorption spectroscopy. In this technique, the sample absorbs UV or visible light, causing electronic transitions in the molecules. The absorbed light energy is then used to determine the concentration of the sample or to identify the presence of certain compounds. Emission spectroscopy, on the other hand, involves the emission of light by excited atoms or molecules, while vibrational spectroscopy focuses on the study of molecular vibrations. Therefore, the correct answer is absorption spectroscopy.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following group is electron-withdrawing & meta director?

    • -CN

    • -CF3

    • -SO3H

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    All of the given groups, CN, CF3, and SO3H, are electron-withdrawing and meta directors. Electron-withdrawing groups have a strong ability to withdraw electron density from the benzene ring, making it more electron deficient. This results in a decrease in the electron density at the ortho and para positions and an increase in the electron density at the meta position. Therefore, these groups are considered meta directors as they direct incoming groups to the meta position in an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

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  • 7. 

    "List of minimum equipment required for the efficient running of pharmacy" is given in:

    • Schedule M

    • Schedule N

    • Schedule R

    • Schedule Y

    Correct Answer
    A. Schedule N
    Explanation
    Schedule N is the correct answer because it provides a list of minimum equipment required for the efficient running of a pharmacy. This schedule is specifically related to the requirements for the storage and sale of drugs, and it outlines the necessary equipment and facilities that a pharmacy should have in order to ensure the safe and efficient dispensing of medications.

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  • 8. 

    Standards for ophthalmic preparation are included in which of the schedule of the Drug & Cosmetic Act?

    • Sch F(I)

    • Sch FF

    • Sch F(II)

    • Sch (III)

    Correct Answer
    A. Sch FF
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "sch FF". The question is asking which schedule of the Drug & Cosmetic Act includes standards for ophthalmic preparation. The correct schedule is sch FF.

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  • 9. 

    Configuration of cardiac glycoside between A-B, B-C, C-D ring is?

    • Cis-cis-cis

    • Trans-cis-trans

    • Cis-trans-cis

    • Trans-trans-trans

    Correct Answer
    A. Cis-trans-cis
    Explanation
    The configuration of the cardiac glycoside between the A-B, B-C, and C-D rings is cis-trans-cis. This means that the A and B rings are in a cis configuration, the B and C rings are in a trans configuration, and the C and D rings are in a cis configuration.

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  • 10. 

    Corticosteroids act on which type of receptors?

    • Intermembrane receptors

    • Surface receptors

    • Nuclear receptors

    • Enzymes

    Correct Answer
    A. Nuclear receptors
    Explanation
    Corticosteroids act on nuclear receptors. Nuclear receptors are a type of receptor found inside the cell, specifically in the cell nucleus. When corticosteroids bind to these receptors, they can regulate gene expression and affect various cellular processes. This interaction with nuclear receptors allows corticosteroids to exert their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following nuclei has Odd Atomic mass & Atomic number and spin number(I) of 1/2?

    • 1H

    • 17O

    • 13C

    • 29Si

    Correct Answer
    A. 1H
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 1H because it is the only option that meets all the given criteria. 1H, also known as hydrogen, has an atomic mass of 1 and an atomic number of 1, making it odd. Additionally, it has a spin number (I) of 1/2, which is the characteristic of a proton. The other options, 17O, 13C, and 29Si, do not have an odd atomic mass and atomic number combination or a spin number of 1/2.

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  • 12. 

    Select inappropriate statement.

    • Neostigmine, Physostigmine, cough suppressant

    • Etoposide, Podophyllotoxin ,Anticancer

    • Dextromethorphan, Morphin, Analgesic

    • Sodium cromoglycate, Khellin, Anti asthmatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Neostigmine, Physostigmine, cough suppressant
    Explanation
    Neostigmine and Physostigmine are not cough suppressants, but rather they are used as cholinesterase inhibitors to treat conditions such as myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents.

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  • 13. 

    Which one of the drug acts directly to alter fungal cell membrane permeability?

    • Ampicillin

    • Polymixin B

    • Amphotericin B

    • Streptomycin

    Correct Answer
    A. Amphotericin B
    Explanation
    Amphotericin B is an antifungal agent agent that alters the cell membrane permeability causing the change in potassium ion transport.

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  • 14. 

    Danckwert's model proposed for the dissolution of the solid dosage form in a physiological fluid is based on which theory?

    • Film theory

    • Surface Renewal Theory

    • Double barrier

    • Limited solvation theory

    Correct Answer
    A. Surface Renewal Theory
    Explanation
    Danckwert's model proposed for the dissolution of the solid dosage form in a physiological fluid is based on the Surface Renewal Theory. This theory suggests that the rate of dissolution is determined by the renewal of the liquid at the solid-liquid interface. According to this theory, the dissolution process occurs when fresh solvent molecules come into contact with the solid surface, leading to the dissolution of the solid. The Surface Renewal Theory is widely used in pharmaceutical research to understand and predict the dissolution behavior of solid dosage forms in physiological fluids.

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  • 15. 

    In a newer tablet machine Antiturning device is used for which of the following purposes?

    • To avoid double impression

    • To avoid cone formation

    • To avoid rat-holing

    • To avoid weight variation

    Correct Answer
    A. To avoid double impression
    Explanation
    The antiturning device in a tablet machine is used to prevent double impression. Double impression occurs when the tablet is imprinted with the design or marking twice, resulting in a distorted or illegible imprint. The antiturning device ensures that the tablet remains in the correct position during the compression process, preventing any movement or rotation that could lead to double impression.

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  • 16. 

    Carnauba wax is used in the following step of Sugar Coating of tablet:  

    • Seal coating

    • Syrup coating

    • Polishing

    • Sub coating

    Correct Answer
    A. Polishing
    Explanation
    Being wax it is added in the last step of coating to polish the surface of tablet.

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  • 17. 

    Where is the National Institute of Virology (NIV) located?

    • Delhi

    • Pune

    • Kolkata

    • Hyderabad

    Correct Answer
    A. Pune
    Explanation
    Located in Pune, it is a part of Indian
    Council of Medical Research (ICMR)

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  • 18. 
    Identify this reaction: - ProProfs

    Identify this reaction:

    • Vilsmeier haack reaction

    • Ullmann reaction

    • Forvski reaction

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Ullmann reaction
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Ullmann reaction. The Ullmann reaction is a cross-coupling reaction in organic chemistry that involves the coupling of two aryl halides to form a biaryl compound. It is named after Fritz Ullmann, who first reported this reaction in 1901. The reaction is typically catalyzed by a copper(I) compound and often requires high temperatures. It is widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, natural products, and materials science.

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  • 19. 

    "Frontal headache" is a side effect of which NSAID?

    • Aspirin

    • Indomethacin

    • Analgin

    • Phenylbutazone

    Correct Answer
    A. Indomethacin
    Explanation
    Indomethacin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is known to cause frontal headaches as a side effect. This medication works by reducing inflammation and pain in the body, but it can also lead to headaches as a result of its effects on blood vessels in the brain. Therefore, if someone experiences a frontal headache while taking an NSAID, such as Indomethacin, it could be attributed to this specific medication.

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  • 20. 

    ‎106 mg of compound A (dissolved in 100 ml ethanol) in a 1 cm long cell has a lambda max 295 nm and absorbance is 0.28. then the value of A1%1 cm is...?

    • 2.64

    • 264

    • 190

    • 640

    Correct Answer
    A. 2.64
    Explanation
    The value of A1%1 cm is a measure of the absorbance of a 1% solution of the compound in a 1 cm long cell. In this case, the absorbance of the compound A at its lambda max of 295 nm is given as 0.28. Therefore, the value of A1%1 cm can be calculated by multiplying the absorbance by 100, since 1% is equivalent to 100 times the concentration. Thus, A1%1 cm = 0.28 * 100 = 28. Dividing this value by 10, since the cell length is 1 cm, gives us the final answer of 2.64.

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  • 21. 

    An example of a Thermal Conductivity Detector is:

    • Katharometer

    • Flame ionization detector

    • Electron capture detector

    • Bolometer

    Correct Answer
    A. Katharometer
    Explanation
    A Katharometer is an example of a Thermal Conductivity Detector. This type of detector measures changes in thermal conductivity between a reference gas and the sample gas to determine the presence and concentration of different components in a mixture. It works by passing the mixture over a heated filament and measuring the temperature difference between the filament and a reference filament. The Katharometer is commonly used in gas chromatography to detect and analyze various compounds.

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  • 22. 

    Which one of the following adverse effects of the drugs is very common among persons having similar genetic make-up?

    • Intolerance

    • Photosensitivity

    • Idiosyncrasy

    • Mutagenicity

    Correct Answer
    A. Idiosyncrasy
    Explanation
    Idiosyncrasy is the correct answer because it refers to an adverse reaction to a drug that is unique to an individual due to their genetic make-up. It is very common among persons who have similar genetic make-up, as they may share the same genetic variations that make them susceptible to the adverse reaction. Intolerance, photosensitivity, and mutagenicity are not specifically related to genetic make-up and may have other causes.

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  • 23. 

    Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants is located at?

    • Dehradun

    • Lucknow

    • Pune

    • Kolkata

    • Delhi

    Correct Answer
    A. Lucknow
    Explanation
    The Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants is located in Lucknow.

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  • 24. 

    For Acetic acid (CH3COOH) if the pH of the environment is less than its pKa, according to HENDERSON-HESSELBACH EQUATION

    • Cojugate base (anion)CH3COO- will predominate

    • Acidic (neutral) form CH3COOH will predominate

    • Both species will be in equal proportioons

    • Can't be infferred from given information

    Correct Answer
    A. Cojugate base (anion)CH3COO- will predominate
    Explanation
    According to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, if the pH of the environment is less than the pKa of acetic acid (CH3COOH), the conjugate base (anion) CH3COO- will predominate. This is because at a lower pH, there is an excess of H+ ions in the environment, which will cause the acetic acid to donate a proton and form the conjugate base. Therefore, the concentration of the conjugate base will be higher compared to the acidic (neutral) form of acetic acid.

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  • 25. 

    pH of 0.02 normal Hydrochloric acid will be  

    • Less than 1

    • Between 1-2

    • Between 2-3

    • Greater than 3

    Correct Answer
    A. Between 1-2
    Explanation
    A pH value indicates the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. A pH less than 7 is considered acidic. Since hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, it completely ionizes in water to form hydrogen ions (H+). A normal solution is one that contains 1 equivalent weight of a solute per liter of solution. Therefore, a 0.02 normal hydrochloric acid solution will have a high concentration of hydrogen ions, resulting in a pH value between 1-2, indicating a strong acidity.

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  • 26. 

    Mescaline is synthesized from which amino acid?

    • Ornithine

    • Phenylalanine

    • Tryptophan

    • None

    Correct Answer
    A. Phenylalanine
    Explanation
    Mescaline is a psychoactive compound found in certain cacti, such as peyote. It is synthesized from the amino acid phenylalanine. Phenylalanine is an essential amino acid that is converted into tyrosine, which is then further converted into dopamine. From dopamine, mescaline is synthesized through a series of chemical reactions. Therefore, the correct answer is Phenylalanine.

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  • 27. 

    What is the correct order for unsaturation present in following fatty acids
    1. Polmitoleic Acid
    2. Linolenic
    3. Alpha linolenic
    4. Arachidonic acid

    • 1>2>3>4

    • 3>4=2>1

    • 4>3>2>1

    • 4>3=2>1

    Correct Answer
    A. 4>3>2>1
    Explanation
    Arachidonic acid contains 4 double bonds
    Alpha linolenic contains 3
    Linolenic contains 2
    Polmitoleic Acid contains 1

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following is an antiparasitic compound obtained from Marine sources?

    • Bryostatin-1

    • Dolastatin-10

    • Alpha-kainic acid

    • Ecteinascidin 74

    Correct Answer
    A. Alpha-kainic acid
  • 29. 

    Influenza virus belongs to which of the following morphological categories?

    • Helical Viruses

    • Complex Viruses

    • Enveloped Helical Viruses

    • Icosahedral Viruses

    Correct Answer
    A. Enveloped Helical Viruses
    Explanation
    Helical Viruses: Tobacco mosaic virus
    Complex Viruses: bacteriophage
    Icosahedral Viruses: Poliovirus
    Enveloped polyhedral Viruses: Herpes simplex virus
    Enveloped helical Viruses : Influenza virus

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  • 30. 
    Identify the drug molecule. - ProProfs

    Identify the drug molecule.

    • Domperidone

    • Haloperidol

    • Clofribate

    • Droperidol

    Correct Answer
    A. Haloperidol
    Explanation
    Haloperidol is the correct answer because it is a drug molecule used to treat various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Tourette syndrome. It belongs to the class of antipsychotic medications and works by blocking the effects of dopamine in the brain. Haloperidol is available in different forms, including tablets, injections, and oral solutions. It is commonly prescribed by healthcare professionals to help manage symptoms associated with certain mental illnesses.

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  • 31. 

    Which one of the following is the most suitable Diluent for a directly compressible tablet?

    • Polyvinyl Pyrrolidine

    • Hydroxy propyl methyl Cellulose

    • Carboxy Methyl Cellulose

    • MicroCrystalline Cellulose

    Correct Answer
    A. MicroCrystalline Cellulose
    Explanation
    Microcrystalline cellulose is the most suitable diluent for a directly compressible tablet. It is commonly used in tablet formulation due to its compressibility, flowability, and compatibility with active pharmaceutical ingredients. Microcrystalline cellulose has excellent binding properties, which helps in holding the tablet ingredients together during compression. It also provides good hardness and disintegration properties to the tablet. Additionally, it has a low moisture content, which makes it stable and suitable for long-term storage.

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  • 32. 

    Which of the following test of significance compares two experimental means, an experimental mean with a known value or sets of pairs of experimental values?

    • F test

    • T test

    • Analysis of Variance

    • Q test

    Correct Answer
    A. T test
    Explanation
    t-test :used to compare two experimental means, an experimental
    mean with a known value or sets of pairs of experimental values

    F-test enables the precisions of two sets of data to be compared using
    their variances.

    Q-test: used to determine whether to reject or retain a suspected
    outlier

    ANOVA: several sets of data to assess and compare
    different sources of variability

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  • 33. 

    Karplus curve is associated with which spectroscopy?

    • UV

    • Mass

    • FTIR

    • NMR

    Correct Answer
    A. NMR
    Explanation
    The Karplus curve is associated with NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy is a technique used to study the structure and dynamics of molecules by analyzing the nuclear magnetic moments of atoms. The Karplus curve, named after Martin Karplus, is a plot that relates the dihedral angles in a molecule to the corresponding coupling constants observed in NMR spectra. It provides valuable information about the conformation and spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule, making it a powerful tool in structural determination and elucidation of molecular dynamics.

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  • 34. 

    Which of the following factors would be the Rate Limiting step for dissolution of a drug candidate classified under BCS class I?

    • Solubility

    • Permeability

    • Gastric emptying time

    • It varies case by case

    Correct Answer
    A. Gastric emptying time
    Explanation
    Class I has High solubility & High permeability so gastric Emptying time will be rate-limiting.

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  • 35. 

    Which of the following method is used for the assay of Myrrh and Asafoetida?

    • Water soluble extractive

    • Alcohol soluble extractive

    • Ether soluble extractive

    • Volatile oil content

    Correct Answer
    A. Alcohol soluble extractive
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Alcohol soluble extractive. This method is used for the assay of Myrrh and Asafoetida. Alcohol soluble extractive refers to the amount of extractable substances in a sample that can be dissolved in alcohol. This method is commonly used in herbal medicine to determine the quality and potency of plant extracts. By extracting the active compounds with alcohol, it allows for a more accurate assessment of the medicinal properties of the sample.

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  • 36. 

    P-nitroanoline has pKb of 13.0... p-methoxyaniline has pKb of 8.7.... Aniline has pKb of 9.38...... Which of the following statement is true with respect to Basicity?

    • P-nitroanoline is less basic due electron release & p-methoxyaniline is more basic due to electron withdrawal

    • P-nitroanoline is less basic due electron withdrawal & p-methoxyaniline is more basic due to electron release

    • P-nitroanoline is more basic due electron withdrawal & p-methoxyaniline is less basic due to electron release

    • Electron release & withdrawal does not affect basicity

    Correct Answer
    A. P-nitroanoline is less basic due electron withdrawal & p-methoxyaniline is more basic due to electron release
    Explanation
    The basicity of a compound is determined by its ability to donate a lone pair of electrons. Electron release from a substituent increases the electron density on the nitrogen atom, making it more basic. In the case of p-nitroaniline, the nitro group withdraws electron density from the nitrogen atom, reducing its basicity. On the other hand, p-methoxyaniline has a methoxy group that donates electron density to the nitrogen atom, increasing its basicity. Therefore, p-nitroaniline is less basic due to electron withdrawal, and p-methoxyaniline is more basic due to electron release.

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  • 37. 

    In Proton NMR spectra of an organic compound,peak IS obtained at around 7 ppm and it is singlet. That infers the compound is...

    • Ortho substituted

    • Meta substituted

    • Para substituted

    • Mono substituted

    Correct Answer
    A. Meta substituted
    Explanation
    only for meta substitution singlet will be observerd due to proton at carbon 2

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  • 38. 

    "knee shaped trichome" is characteristic of which of the following plant drug?

    • Ephedra equisetina

    • Lobelia inflata

    • Adhatoda vasaka

    • Ocimum sanctum

    Correct Answer
    A. Adhatoda vasaka
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Adhatoda vasaka. Adhatoda vasaka is a medicinal plant commonly known as Vasaka. It is used in traditional medicine for its bronchodilator and expectorant properties. The presence of "knee-shaped trichome" is a characteristic feature of Adhatoda vasaka. Trichomes are small hair-like structures found on the surface of plants, and the knee-shaped trichome is a specific type found on the leaves of Adhatoda vasaka. These trichomes play a role in the plant's defense against herbivores and also contribute to the medicinal properties of the plant.

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  • 39. 

    Which of the following statement is not true for Atracurium?

    • It undergoes spontaneous non-enzymatic chemical degradation in plasma

    • Its action becomes briefer during respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventillation

    • It is a steroid based compound

    • It is a bis-quaternary compound

    Correct Answer
    A. It is a steroid based compound
    Explanation
    Atracurium is not a steroid-based compound. It is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent that is used during surgery to relax muscles. It undergoes spontaneous non-enzymatic chemical degradation in plasma, and its action becomes briefer during respiratory alkalosis caused by hyperventilation. However, it is not a steroid-based compound.

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  • 40. 

    Which of the following drug reduces the positive free water clearance, but does not affect the negative free water clearance?

    • Furosemide

    • Hydrochlorthiazide

    • Spironolactone

    • Acetazolamide

    Correct Answer
    A. Hydrochlorthiazide
    Explanation
    Hydrochlorthiazide is the correct answer because it is a diuretic that reduces positive free water clearance. It works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidneys, leading to increased excretion of water and electrolytes. Unlike Furosemide, Spironolactone, and Acetazolamide, Hydrochlorthiazide does not affect the negative free water clearance, which means it does not cause excessive loss of free water without electrolytes.

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  • 41. 

    Which company has made first film coating tablet?

    • Pfizer

    • Abbott

    • GSK

    • Johnson & johnson

    Correct Answer
    A. Abbott
    Explanation
    Abbott is the correct answer because they were the first company to develop and introduce film coating technology for tablets. Film coating is a process where a thin layer of polymer is applied to the tablet surface, providing protection, improving appearance, and making it easier to swallow. Abbott's innovation in film coating revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry, leading to the development of more advanced and patient-friendly tablet formulations.

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  • 42. 

    ‎_____ is having a furan moiety and also CYP450 inhibitory activity?

    • Cimetidine

    • Ranitidine

    • Nizatidine

    • Famotidine

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Ranitidine
    Explanation
    Ranitidine is the correct answer because it contains a furan moiety and also exhibits CYP450 inhibitory activity. Cimetidine, Nizatidine, and Famotidine do not have a furan moiety and may not possess CYP450 inhibitory activity.

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  • 43. 

    The duration of action of sublingual NG is:

    • 3-5 sec

    • 10-30mins

    • 3-5 mins

    • 10-60 mins

    Correct Answer
    A. 10-30mins
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 10-30 minutes. Sublingual NG refers to a medication that is placed under the tongue and absorbed into the bloodstream. The duration of action is the length of time that the medication remains active in the body. In this case, the sublingual NG medication typically takes around 10-30 minutes to take effect and provide its therapeutic benefits.

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  • 44. 

    Which of the following antitubercular drugs penetrates Necrotic tuberculous lesions?

    • Isoniazid

    • Rifampicin

    • Cyclosrine

    • Ethambutol

    Correct Answer
    A. Isoniazid
    Explanation
    Isoniazid is able to penetrate necrotic tuberculous lesions. Necrotic lesions are areas of dead tissue, which can be found in tuberculosis infections. Isoniazid is a highly effective antitubercular drug that has good penetration into various tissues, including necrotic lesions. This allows it to effectively target and treat tuberculosis infections throughout the body, including in areas of necrotic tissue.

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  • 45. 

    Which of the following is anti-expectorant?

    • Ergot

    • Atropine

    • Reserpine

    • Veratrum

    Correct Answer
    A. Atropine
    Explanation
    Atropine is an anti-expectorant because it is a medication that inhibits the production and release of mucus in the respiratory tract. It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that stimulates mucus secretion. By inhibiting mucus production, Atropine helps to reduce coughing and the excessive production of phlegm. Ergot, Reserpine, and Veratrum are not anti-expectorants and have different pharmacological properties and uses.

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  • 46. 

    A sheath of crystal formed around sclerenchyma is identifying characteristics of which drug?

    • Digitalis

    • Datura

    • Senna

    • Belladona

    Correct Answer
    A. Senna
    Explanation
    Senna is a drug that is known for its laxative properties. One of the identifying characteristics of Senna is the formation of a sheath of crystal around sclerenchyma. This unique feature helps in distinguishing Senna from other drugs like Digitalis, Datura, and Belladona.

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following is an appropriate mechanism of action of Sematilide?

    • K+ channel blocker

    • K+ channel opener

    • Ca+ channel opener

    • Ca+ channel blocker

    Correct Answer
    A. K+ channel blocker
    Explanation
    Sematilide:N-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]-4-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]benzamide, is a close structural analogue of N-acetyl procainamide. It is a class III antiarrhythmic agent.

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  • 48. 

    Intravaginal drug Delivery is categorized under which route of drug administration?

    • Parenteral

    • Topical

    • Enteral

    • Pre-oral

    Correct Answer
    A. Topical
    Explanation
    Intravaginal drug delivery refers to the administration of drugs directly into the vagina. This route of drug administration is considered topical because the drug is applied directly to the surface of the vaginal mucosa. Topical administration involves the application of drugs onto the skin or mucous membranes for localized effects. Therefore, the correct answer is "Topical."

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  • 49. 

    Which of the omitted schedule includes calculation of poisons in certain cases?

    • Sch I

    • Sch B

    • Sch L

    • Sch Z

    Correct Answer
    A. Sch I
    Explanation
    Schedule I includes the calculation of poisons in certain cases.

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