Computer Concepts Quiz Questions And Answers

hardware: The physical components that constitute the computer system, such as the monitor, the keyboard, the motherboard, and the printer.

operating system (OS): Software that controls a computer. An OS controls how system resources are used and provides a user interface, a way of managing hardware and software, and ways to work with files.

motherboard: The main board in the computer, also called the system board. The CPU, ROM chips, SIMMs, DIMMs, RIMMs, and interface cards are plugged into the motherboard.

AMD processors use different sockets and slots than do Intel processors, so the motherboard must be designed for one manufacturer’s processor or the other, but not both.

desktop: The initial screen that is displayed when an OS has a GUI interface loaded.

Figures 3-44 and 3-45 of your text covers this concept

A processor connects to the motherboard by way of a socket. A socket is a physical interface that allows the processor to be securely inserted and connected to the motherboard. It provides the necessary electrical connections and ensures proper alignment and contact between the processor and the motherboard. This allows the processor to communicate with other components on the motherboard and carry out its functions effectively.

memory cache: A small amount of faster RAM that stores recently retrieved data, in anticipation of what the CPU will request next, thus speeding up access.

In AC powered equipment, exposed metal parts are grounded to prevent contact with a dangerous voltage if electrical insulation fails. A connection to ground limits the voltage built up between power circuits and the earth, protecting circuit insulation from damage due to excessive voltage.

MicroATX: A version of the ATX form factor. MicroATX addresses some new technologies that were developed after the original introduction of ATX.

CMOS (complementary metaloxide semiconductor): The technology used to manufacture microchips. CMOS chips require less electricity, hold data longer after the electricity is turned off, are slower, and produce less heat than earlier technologies. The configuration, or setup, chip is a CMOS chip.

alternating current (AC): Current that cycles back and forth rather than traveling in only one direction. In the United States, the AC voltage from a standard wall outlet is normally between 110 and 115 V. In Europe, the standard AC voltage from a wall outlet is 220 V

chipset: A group of chips on the motherboard that controls the timing and flow of data and instructions to and from the CPU.

root directory: The main directory created when a hard drive or disk is first formatted. In Linux, it’s indicated by a forward slash. In DOS and Windows, it’s indicated by a backward slash.

bus: The paths, or lines, on the motherboard on which data, instructions, and electrical power move from component to component.

Do not use a pencil--broken graphite pieces may short out the internal circuitry.

the cooling assembly should maintain temperatures in the target range of 90-110 degrees Fahrenheit, well below the Intel maximum temperature limit of 185 degrees.

capacitor: An electronic device that can maintain an electrical charge for a period of time and is used to smooth out the flow of electrical current. Capacitors are often found in computer power supplies.

secondary storage: Storage that is remote to the CPU and permanently holds data, even when the PC is turned off, such as a hard drive. Processors do not use this.

electrostatic discharge (ESD): Another name for static electricity, which can damage chips and destroy motherboards, even though it might not be felt or seen with the naked eye.

The term UNIX comprises a class of operating systems used to control networks and applications on the Internet. Versions of UNIX are referred to as flavors or distributions. LINUX is the most popular UNIX distribution.

the other three are gibberish.

a form factor specifies the physical dimensions of major system components.

shell: The portion of an OS that relates to the user and to applications.

Jumpers are used to configure the motherboard in different ways. They are small connectors that can be placed on a set of pins to enable or disable certain features or settings on the motherboard. By changing the position of the jumpers, users can customize the hardware settings of the motherboard according to their needs. This allows for flexibility and customization in the configuration process.