Patho 4 Practice Quiz GI
GI with a little bit of neuro
- 1.What controls the peristaltic movements of the esophagus?
- A.
Brain stem
- B.
Vagus nerve
- C.
Auerbach's plexus
- D.
Greater splanchnic nerve
- E.
Esophageal plexus
- 2.Which is true?
- A.
Peristalsis is the same thing as tonic motor movements of the stomach.
- B.
The esophagus, like the stomach, is an acidic environment.
- C.
The beginning of the esophageal phase of swallowing is when the upper esophageal sphincter contracts.
- D.
Waterbrash often occurs right before vomiting.
- E.
Achalasia occurs when the upper esophageal sphincter fails to relax.
- 3.Which is a possible cause of secondary achalasia?
- A.
Degeneration of Auerbach's plexus
- B.
Toxins
- C.
Degeneration of vagal fibers
- D.
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
- E.
Scleroderma
- 4.Which is associated with esophageal varices?
- A.
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
- B.
Cirrhosis
- C.
Hepatitis
- D.
GERD
- E.
Scleroderma
- 5.Which is false concerning esophageal tumors?
- A.
Leiomyomas are benign
- B.
Dysphagia is an early sign of esophageal cancer
- C.
Genetic tendency in 50% of cases
- D.
Adenocarcinoma from Barrett's is usually distal
- E.
Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for half of esophageal cancers
- 6.Which is released in response to the presence of food in the stomach? (two answers)
- A.
Pepsinogen
- B.
Mucus
- C.
Gastrin
- D.
HCL
- E.
Pepsin
- 7.Which secrete pepsinogen?
- A.
Chief cells
- B.
Parietal cells
- C.
Intrinsic factors
- D.
Cardiac glands
- E.
G cells
- 8.Which does not stimulate the secretion of stomach acid?
- A.
The vagus nerve
- B.
Histamine 2
- C.
Prostaglandins
- D.
Proton pump
- E.
Gastrin
- 9.Which is not an effect of prostoglandins?
- A.
Inhibition of acid secretion
- B.
Increase blood flow
- C.
Increase mucus production
- D.
Increase HCO3 secretion
- E.
Create a lipid layer to protect from self digestion
- 10.Which is a cause of Type A chronic gastritis?
- A.
Helicobacter pylori infection
- B.
Low gastrin levels
- C.
Pernicious anemia
- D.
Crohn's disease
- E.
Tobacco, alcohol or excessive NSAID use
- 11.Which is a cause of type B chronic gastritis?
- A.
Autoimmune disorder
- B.
Atrophy of glandular epithelium
- C.
Decreased pepsin
- D.
Crohns disease
- E.
High gastrin levels
- 12.Which is not a possible cause of peptic ulcer disease
- A.
NSAIDS
- B.
Increased acid from increased histamine
- C.
Decreased pepsinogen from cholinergic stimulation
- D.
Helicobacter pylori
- E.
Caffeine
- 13.Which is false concerning helicobacter pylori?
- A.
It causes an increase in HCL and a decrease in HCO3
- B.
95% of duodenal ulcers result from h. pylori infection
- C.
Infection decreases gastrin and pepsin secretion
- D.
Secretion of urease leads to ammonia and diminished mucus
- E.
15% of people with h. pylori infection will get peptic ulcer disease
- 14.Which is false concerning the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease?
- A.
NSAIDS: cyclooxygenase inhibition decreases prostaglandin synthesis
- B.
H. pylori: inflammatory mediators increase HCL, gastrin and pepsin secretion
- C.
Zollinger-Ellison: HCL increases secondary to increased pepsin from a mucosal pepsinoma
- D.
Gastric ulcers can result from bile reflux
- E.
Duodenal ulcers can be freom gastric hypomotility
- 15.Which is true of duodenal ulcers?
- A.
They occur more often in men than in women
- B.
Hypothyroidism is a risk factor
- C.
They are not a concern in the Western world
- D.
They are more common in people with type O blood
- E.
They are often malignant
- 16.Which is correct?
- A.
Curling's ulcer is from increased acid from vagal stimulation
- B.
Cushing's ulcer is from decreased blood flow from catecholamines and hypotension
- C.
Curling's ulcers often occur following head injury
- D.
Cushing's ulcers occur following severe trauma or sepsis
- E.
Curling's ulcers are a concern in severe burn patients.
- 17.Which is the most common cause of gastroparesis?
- A.
Thyroid disease
- B.
Diabetes mellitus
- C.
scleroderma
- D.
Amyloidosis
- E.
Medications
- 18.Which is true of gastric cancer?
- A.
It occurs more often in females than males
- B.
Type O blood is a risk factor
- C.
50% are in the fundus of the stomach
- D.
They are more common in Thailand than the US
- E.
Gastric ulcers are not a risk factor
- 19.Which is true?
- A.
Fats are absorbed in the colon
- B.
Magnesium is absorbed in the stomach
- C.
Bile salts are aborbed in the jejunum
- D.
Electrolytes are absorbed in the colon
- E.
Proteins are absorbed in the ileum
- 20.Which is not a sign or symptom of malabsorption?
- A.
Steatorrhea
- B.
Anemia
- C.
Constipation
- D.
Nocturia
- E.
Peripheral neuropathy
- 21.Which of these would indicate Crohn's disease?
- A.
Absence of strictures
- B.
Continuous involvement as opposed to cobblestoning and skip lesions
- C.
Primary in the ileum and secondarily in the colon
- D.
Presence of rectal bleeding
- E.
Exudative and ulcerative inflammation
- 22.What is the most common site of involvement in diverticular disease?
- A.
Small intestine
- B.
Cecum
- C.
Ascending colon
- D.
Descending colon
- E.
Sigmoid colon
- 23.Which involves initial lesions in the crypts of Lieberkuhn?
- A.
Crohn's disease
- B.
Diverticulosis
- C.
Ulcerative colitis
- D.
Carcinoma of the colon
- E.
Mechanical obstruction
- 24.Which is frequently caused by a bacterial offender?
- A.
Appendicitis
- B.
Peritonitis
- C.
Diverticulosis
- D.
Crohn's disease
- E.
Ulcerative colitis
- 25.Which is not a function of the liver?
- A.
Produces bile salts
- B.
Metabolizes protein, fats and sugars
- C.
Stores vitamins and minerals
- D.
Converts urea to uric acid
- E.
Synthesizes clotting factors
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