Developmental Psychology (PSYC110) Exam #3 Ch 9-12
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- 1.Preoperational intelligence differs from sensorimortor intelligence in that preoperational intelligence:
- A.
Goes beyond senses and motor skills
- B.
Includes logical reasoning
- C.
Is characterized by reversibility of thought
- D.
Is comprised of simple abstractions
- 2.A magician's stock and trade is getting the audience to focus on one aspect of his demo whole he is manipulating another. This is the most easy with preoperational children, as they are easily fooled with their tendency to:
- A.
Be static thinkers
- B.
Reverse things in their perception
- C.
Demonstrate centration
- D.
Equilibrate
- 3.To assume that the world is unchanging is to engage in
- A.
Magical thinking
- B.
Static reasoning
- C.
Centration
- D.
A focus on appearences only
- 4.
- A.
Illoogic
- B.
Centration
- C.
Egocentrism
- D.
Irreversibility
- 5.Vygotsky's term for a person wh9ose cognition is stimulated and direcdted by older ande more skilled members of soceity is:
- A.
An apprenticeship in thinkng
- B.
Guided participation
- C.
Magical thinking
- D.
Scaffolding
- 6.According to Vygotsky, guided participation requires that a child:
- A.
Interact with a mentor to accomplish a task
- B.
Is told instructions for a task only once
- C.
Is allowed to discover the solution to a task on his or her own
- D.
Be assisted by an adult until the child can perform the task well on his own.
- 7.The youngest children to demonstrate theory of mind in experiments are age
- A.
4
- B.
5
- C.
7
- D.
9
- 8.Because of fast mapping, a preschooler:
- A.
Needs several experiences with a word to learn it.
- B.
Grasps the meaning of words describing emotions
- C.
Has a clear understanding of all words he uses
- D.
Learns some words after a single exposure to them.
- 9.Programs are called child-centered because they stress children's:
- A.
Gross motor skills
- B.
Fine motor skills
- C.
Development and growth
- D.
Language development
- 10.Krista understand that 4+6=10 but does not understand that 10-6=4. She is displaying
- A.
Irreversibility
- B.
Centration
- C.
Egocentrism
- D.
Animsim
- 11.An experiment lines up pairs of checkers into two identical rows. Then the experimenter elongates one of the rows by spacing the checkers farther apart. This is a classic test of:
- A.
Conservation of volume
- B.
Conservation of area
- C.
Conservation of number
- D.
Conservation of matter
- 12.Which of the following is the best example of scaffolding?
- A.
David helps his son build a model airplane by assembling it while his son watches.
- B.
Howard and priscilla buy a Wii for their 5 year old daughter Rebecca. They set it up for her and then allow her to figure out hyow to turn it on and use the remote.
- C.
Richard buys a do it yourself kite kit for his 6 year old daughter Angela. He lays al;l of the pieces out for her and then allows her to read the instructions for herself.
- D.
Miriam helps her son Benm make cookies. She measures all of the ingredients out and placfes them on the counter in small bowls. She reads the recipe aloud while simplifying it as ben places the ingredients in the bowl and mixes them together with a spoon.
- 13.An angry 5 year old might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed:
- A.
Social referencing
- B.
Self esteem
- C.
Identification
- D.
Emotional regulation
- 14.Erikson's stage that occurs between 3 and 6 years of age is called:
- A.
Initiative vs guilt
- B.
Phallic pride vs penis envy
- C.
The preoperational stage
- D.
Autonomy vs inferiority
- 15.Girls usually develop emotional reg8ulation ___________ boys, which is especially evident when comparing girls' and boys' externalizing emotions.
- A.
Behind
- B.
At the same time as
- C.
Ahead of
- D.
Instead of
- 16.An illness or disorder of the mind is referred to as:
- A.
Psychopathology
- B.
Craziness
- C.
Insanity
- D.
Mental disturbance.
- 17.Control of which of the following emotions is emphasized in the US?
- A.
Anger
- B.
Aggression
- C.
Fear
- D.
Pride
- 18.A drive or reason to pursue a goal that comes from inside a person is called:
- A.
Extensive motivation
- B.
Extrinsic motivation
- C.
Intrinsic motivation
- D.
Internal drive
- 19.The four dimensions of parenting style are warmth, discipline communication and
- A.
Physical contact
- B.
Expectations for maturity
- C.
Trust
- D.
Supportiveness
- 20.
- A.
Authoritarian
- B.
Authoritative
- C.
Permissive
- D.
Preventive
- 21.Children who lack self control are most likely to have parents who are
- A.
Abusive
- B.
Over-controlling
- C.
Authoritarian
- D.
Permissive
- 22.An example of antisocial behavior is:
- A.
Jamie tries to share his toys with Jill.
- B.
Mark intentionally knocks over simons blocks
- C.
Holly watches while other children are playing jump rope.
- D.
Courtney helps her mom rake the leaves.
- 23.Which type of aggression tends to be characteristic of 2 year olds?
- A.
Reactive
- B.
Instrumental
- C.
Bullying
- D.
Relational
- 24.Aggression used to obtain or retain a toy or object is called:
- A.
Bullying
- B.
Instrumental aggression
- C.
Reactive aggression
- D.
Personal aggression
- 25.Three girls start a rumor that 7 year old Heather is a bed wetter who still uses a pacifier. They are demonstrating:
- A.
Instrumental aggression
- B.
Reactive aggression
- C.
Bullying aggression
- D.
Relational aggression
- 26.When is time out an effective discipline strategy?
- A.
When the child is less than 2
- B.
Once the child can use words to express emotions
- C.
If the child prefers to be with other children
- D.
If the child is over 8 years old.
- 27.Which of the following health facts is seen in obese children?
- A.
High blood pressure
- B.
A lower incidence of asthma
- C.
lower levels of cholesterol
- D.
Better school achievement
- 28.Which of the following is the biggest determinant of whether a child will develop healthy lifestyle habits?
- A.
Having a physician, nurse or dentist as a parent
- B.
Receiving all of the required immunications before starting school
- C.
Seing the doctor and dentist by age 3
- D.
Having parents teachers anjd peers who demonstrate healthy lifestyle habits.
- 29.In which of the following cultures are the rates of increasing obesity among children the highest?
- A.
Groups that experienced food deprvation a few generations ago but now have plenty of food.
- B.
Children in Eastern Europe
- C.
Groups that have experienced prosperity for several decades
- D.
Children in the US
- 30.Asthma is a disorder caused by _________ of the airways.
- A.
Enlargement
- B.
Inflammation
- C.
Destruction
- D.
Missing portions
- 31.Frequently, school age children on a baseball field will shout, think fast.. and immediately throw a baseball in the direction of a teammate. What is being tested is the teammates:
- A.
Forearm strength
- B.
Reaction time
- C.
Team spirit
- D.
Ability to field balls
- 32.The ability to concentrate on certain specific stimuli while ignoring others is called:
- A.
Habituation
- B.
Selective attention
- C.
Automatilization
- D.
Conscious attention
- 33.About 2/3 of all those who take the IQ tests score in the avg range, that is between 85 and:
- A.
100
- B.
115
- C.
125
- D.
135
- 34.Insights from normal development are applied to the study of childhood disorders in:
- A.
Abnormal psychool9ogy of childhood
- B.
Pediatric pathology
- C.
Developmental psychopathology
- D.
Special education
- 35.Seven year old Henry has been diagnosed as having ADHD and dyslexia. Which of the following terms applies to Henry having both conditions together?
- A.
Conflicting diagnosis
- B.
Complex diagnosis
- C.
Comorbidity
- D.
Coexistence
- 36.David is excitable, impulsive and very active in addition to having difficulty concentrating. He might have:
- A.
ADD
- B.
ADDA
- C.
ADHD
- D.
An anxiety disorder
- 37.Joshua and Tiffany have both been diagnosed with ADHD. Who is more likely to be prescribed medication for the condition.
- A.
Tiffany
- B.
Joshua
- C.
They are both equally likely to be prescribed medication
- D.
There is not enough research evidence to allow us to predict who would be prescribed medication
- 38.According to the usual definition, a child with a learning disability often:
- A.
Has notable vision or hearing problems.
- B.
Is of low intelligence
- C.
Lives in stressful environments
- D.
Has no apparent handicap.
- 39.In early childhood, autistic children have difficulty
- A.
With fine motor skills
- B.
With communication
- C.
Engaging in solitary play
- D.
Inhibiting social interaction
- 40.Many chyildren with autism are unusually sensitive to:
- A.
Smiles
- B.
Laughter
- C.
Darkness
- D.
Noise and light
- 41.Most likely, autism is caused by
- A.
Genetic factors alone
- B.
Parents early child-care methods
- C.
Genetic vulnerability coupled with other factors
- D.
Uncaring, cold parents, especially the mother.
- 42.A document for children with special needs that specifics their educational goals and plans for acheiving the gials is known as a(an):
- A.
IEP
- B.
IFSP
- C.
LRE
- D.
RTI
- 43.With concrete operational thoughts, children can
- A.
Think logically about tangible things
- B.
Think logically about abstract things
- C.
Consistently make good decisions
- D.
Solve most problems on their own.
- 44.According to Piaget, a child between the ages of 5 and 7 can apply logical principles to:
- A.
Abstractions such as truth and justive
- B.
Chemistry and physics
- C.
Concrete and visible examples
- D.
Questions and social justice
- 45.The information-processing theory likens many aspects of human thinking to the functioning of:
- A.
Animals
- B.
High level business companies
- C.
Computers
- D.
Athletic teams
- 46.You are a professor who believes that our brains work much like a computer in terms of learning, storing, and retrieving information. With which of the following theories would you most likely agree?
- A.
Piaget's
- B.
Vygotsky's
- C.
Information Processing
- D.
Biocognitive
- 47.Metacognition is:
- A.
Thinking about remembering
- B.
Remembering about remembering
- C.
Thinking about thinking
- D.
Remembering about thinking
- 48.The memory system in which signals are held for less than a second, yet long enough for one to process them further, if so desired, is called the ______ memory.
- A.
Short-term
- B.
Working
- C.
Sensory
- D.
Holding
- 49.New concepts are best learned if they are connected to:
- A.
Personal and cultural experiences
- B.
Current events
- C.
A teacher-directed curriculum.
- D.
A child-centered curriculum
- 50.Evaluating a cignitive task to determine how best to accomplish and monitor one's performance is called
- A.
Automatization
- B.
Decentration
- C.
Metacognition
- D.
Social standards
- 51.Jefferson High Schoool has rules and regulations that guarantee student representation in school affrairs. John a senior, has learned that the adminstration of his HS wants obedience. Obedience at John's school is an example of a hidden:
- A.
Agenda
- B.
Curriculum
- C.
Value
- D.
Assumption
- 52.By the end of middle childhood, the capacity of long-term memory is:
- A.
Limited to facts and knowledge gained 6through repetition.
- B.
Limited to highly emotional experiences and objective information
- C.
Unolimited regarding information but limited to highly emotional experiences.
- D.
Virtually limitless
- 53.Which of the following occurences is listed n the textbo as a factor that increases the knowledge base?
- A.
Scoring high on an IQ test
- B.
Past opportunity
- C.
Personal motivation
- D.
Well developed fine motor skills
- 54.The logical principle that objects can be grouped according to some characteristics they share is:
- A.
Concrete thought
- B.
Transitive inference
- C.
Classification
- D.
Reversibility
- 55.Which of the following is a crucial difference between Piaget's and Vygotsky's theories of learning?
- A.
Piaget emphasized the child's own discovery processes, while Vygotsky stressed the importance of instruction.
- B.
Vygotsky emphasizede the child own discovery processes, while piget stressed the importance of instruction.
- C.
Piaget believed that school age children were capable of rote memorization and Vygotsky believed they were not.
- D.
Vygotsky beloieved that shcool age children were capable of rote memorization and piagetg believed they were not.
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