CDC 2a354n Volume 2. Foundations Of Aircraft Maintenance

Binary is the numbering system that has only two symbols, 0 and 1. In the binary system, numbers are represented using only these two digits, which correspond to the states of "off" and "on" in computer systems. This system is widely used in computer science and digital electronics, as it is the most fundamental and efficient way to represent and process information in digital form.

TO 1-1A-14 provides a detailed explanation of aircraft wiring, cables, and wiring repair procedures.

Hexadecimal is the numbering system with a radix of 16. In this system, numbers are represented using 16 digits: 0-9 for the first ten digits, and A-F for the remaining six digits. It is commonly used in computer science and programming, especially when dealing with memory addresses, colors, and character encoding. Each digit in a hexadecimal number represents a power of 16, allowing for compact representation of large numbers.

The outer jacket of a coaxial cable protects it from moisture and abrasion. It acts as a barrier between the cable's internal components and the external environment, preventing water or moisture from seeping into the cable and causing damage. Additionally, the outer jacket provides a layer of insulation and protection against physical abrasion or wear, ensuring the longevity and durability of the cable.

The initial pulse that the time domain reflectometer (TDR) sends into the cable is called the incident pulse. This pulse is sent into the cable to measure any reflections or anomalies in the cable's impedance.

Continuous BIT is the correct answer because it refers to the Built-in Test (BIT) feature that continuously monitors the Litening pod for failures during system operation. This means that the pod is constantly being checked for any issues or malfunctions, ensuring that it is functioning properly at all times. The Continuous BIT helps in detecting any failures or errors promptly, allowing for timely maintenance or troubleshooting to prevent any disruptions or failures in the system's operation.

In a basic synchro system, the motor's shaft follows exactly as you turn the synchro generator's shaft. This means that the motor's shaft moves in synchronization with the movement of the generator's shaft, without any lag or lead. The purpose of a synchro system is to maintain precise alignment and synchronization between different components, and in this case, the motor's shaft is designed to precisely follow the movement of the generator's shaft.

Radio Frequency connectors are used primarily with coax, twinax, and triax cables. These connectors are specifically designed to carry high-frequency signals and provide a secure and reliable connection for transmitting radio frequency signals. They are commonly used in applications such as telecommunications, broadcasting, and wireless networking, where the transmission and reception of high-frequency signals are critical.

RF connectors are the weak link in the RF transmission and reception path because they are easily damaged. This is because RF connectors are often exposed to physical stress, such as bending, twisting, or pulling, which can lead to the breaking or loosening of the connection. Additionally, the repeated mating and unmating of connectors can cause wear and tear, resulting in a degraded signal or complete failure of the connection. Therefore, the susceptibility of RF connectors to damage makes them the weak point in the RF transmission and reception path.

IBIT stands for Initial Built-In Test. It is a self-test performed by a computer system during its startup process. Unlike other types of BIT (Built-In Test), IBIT can be completed at any time, even when the system is in standby mode (STBY). This means that the IBIT can be executed without fully activating the system, allowing for testing and diagnostics without interrupting normal operation.

Silicone tape is the correct answer when a connector plug must be moisture sealed. Silicone tape is specifically designed to provide a waterproof and moisture-resistant seal. It has excellent adhesive properties and can adhere tightly to surfaces, creating a barrier against moisture. It is also flexible and can conform to irregular shapes, making it suitable for sealing connector plugs. Additionally, silicone tape is durable and can withstand various environmental conditions, including high temperatures and exposure to chemicals. Therefore, silicone tape is the most suitable option for ensuring a moisture-sealed connector plug.

A solderless connector is a type of connector that does not require soldering to establish a connection. In this case, the connection bond on a solderless connector is mechanical. This means that the connection is made by physically securing the connector to the terminal, such as through the use of screws, clips, or other mechanical fasteners. This type of connection is typically easy to install and remove, making it convenient for various applications.

The advantage of a connector plug is that it allows for the simultaneous connection and disconnection of multiple wires. This means that multiple wires can be easily and quickly connected or disconnected at the same time, saving time and effort. This feature is particularly useful in situations where there are multiple wires that need to be connected or disconnected simultaneously, such as in complex electrical systems or during maintenance and troubleshooting tasks.

Wire insulation/shielding will show a dull, rough appearance as a sign of chafing. Chafing occurs when the wire insulation or shielding rubs against another surface, causing friction and wear. This friction can result in the insulation/shielding becoming worn down and losing its smooth and shiny appearance. Instead, it will appear dull and rough, indicating that there has been damage due to chafing.

When a change in position input to the servomechanism occurs, the signal that is amplified and applied to the servomotor is the error signal. The error signal represents the difference between the desired position and the actual position of the servomechanism. By amplifying and applying this error signal to the servomotor, the system can make the necessary adjustments to minimize the error and bring the position closer to the desired value.

Heterodyning is the process used in modulating AM signals. It involves combining two different frequencies, the carrier frequency and the modulating frequency, to create a new frequency called the heterodyne. This heterodyne frequency is then used to carry the modulating information. Heterodyning allows for the efficient transmission and reception of AM signals by converting the modulating frequency to a higher frequency that can be easily transmitted and received.

Octal is a numbering system that uses eight symbols, which are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. In the octal system, each digit represents three bits, allowing for a more compact representation of binary numbers. It is commonly used in computer programming and digital systems, particularly when dealing with groups of three bits or when converting between binary and hexadecimal.

The correct answer is Litening pod. The AN/AAQ-28 pod is commonly known as the Litening pod. It is an electro-optical targeting and navigation pod used by military aircraft for enhanced targeting capabilities. The Litening pod provides high-resolution imagery, laser designation, and targeting capabilities to assist pilots in identifying and engaging targets accurately.

The synchro motor inertia damper is necessary because it reduces motor oscillations. Oscillations can be caused by various factors such as sudden changes in load or voltage fluctuations. These oscillations can lead to instability and affect the performance of the motor. The inertia damper helps to dampen these oscillations, providing smoother operation and improving the overall efficiency and reliability of the motor.

The aft end of the Sniper TGP is made up of the environmental control unit. This unit is responsible for regulating and controlling the temperature and humidity within the system. It ensures that the TGP operates within the required environmental conditions, protecting it from extreme temperatures and moisture.

A terminal lug is a type of connector that is placed over a metal post and secured with a nut to create a reliable electrical connection. This type of connector is commonly used in electrical and electronic applications where a secure and durable connection is required. The nut ensures that the lug is tightly fastened to the post, providing a stable connection that can withstand vibrations and other external forces. Therefore, the use of a terminal lug is an effective way to create a reliable electrical connection on a metal post.

The color bands around rear-release connector plugs are blue.

Rubber coating on flexible waveguides serves the purpose of making them airtight and watertight. This coating provides a protective barrier that prevents air and water from entering the waveguides, ensuring their proper functioning. It acts as a seal, preventing any leakage or infiltration that could potentially disrupt the transmission of signals. By making the waveguides airtight and watertight, the rubber coating helps maintain the integrity and reliability of the system.

The most common mistake when using the wire repair kit is using the wrong settings. This means that individuals are not correctly adjusting the settings on the wire repair kit according to the specific requirements of the repair job. This can lead to ineffective repairs or even further damage to the wires. It is important to carefully select and adjust the settings on the wire repair kit to ensure that it is compatible with the wire being repaired and to achieve the desired results.

FM provides more realistic sound reproduction over AM because of an increase in the number of sidebands. In FM, the frequency of the carrier signal is varied in proportion to the amplitude of the audio signal. This variation in frequency results in the creation of multiple sidebands around the carrier frequency. These sidebands contain additional information about the audio signal, such as harmonics and overtones, which contribute to a more accurate and detailed reproduction of the original sound. In contrast, AM only modulates the amplitude of the carrier signal, resulting in a less comprehensive representation of the audio signal.

Induction loss occurs when the electromagnetic field around a conductor cuts through a nearby metallic object. This is because the changing magnetic field induces eddy currents in the metallic object, resulting in energy loss in the form of heat. These eddy currents oppose the flow of current in the conductor, leading to a decrease in overall efficiency.

The feedhorn eliminates reflections by matching the impedance of the waveguide to the impedance of free space. This ensures that the electromagnetic waves can efficiently transfer between the waveguide and the surrounding free space without any reflections or signal loss. By achieving impedance matching, the feedhorn allows for maximum power transfer and minimizes any interference or distortion in the signal.

Sensitivity refers to the ability of a radio receiver to accurately reproduce weak signals. It measures how well the receiver can detect and amplify low-power signals, allowing them to be heard clearly. A receiver with high sensitivity will be able to pick up and reproduce weak signals even in noisy or crowded environments. Therefore, sensitivity is the correct answer to describe the ability of a radio receiver to reproduce weak signals.

When there is a change in the impedance of the cable, it causes a portion of the signal to reflect back towards the TDR (Time Domain Reflectometer). This reflected signal is known as a reflected pulse. The TDR uses this reflected pulse to analyze the characteristics of the cable, such as the location and severity of any impedance mismatches or faults. Therefore, the correct answer is a reflected pulse.

The plug is the removable part of the electrical connector that includes the coupling device. It is designed to be easily inserted and removed from the receptacle, allowing for the connection and disconnection of electrical circuits. The plug typically has pins or prongs that align with corresponding sockets in the receptacle, creating a secure and reliable connection.

Arrays are designed to receive high-power RF energy from the transmitter and radiate a narrow pencil beam of RF energy for target illumination. Arrays consist of multiple antenna elements that work together to focus the energy in a specific direction, allowing for precise targeting and efficient transmission of RF energy. By using arrays, the energy can be concentrated into a narrow beam, increasing the gain and improving the overall efficiency of the system.

A servomechanism is best used when a larger amount of torque is required. A servomechanism is a closed-loop control system that uses feedback to accurately control the position, velocity, and acceleration of a mechanical system. It consists of a motor, a sensor, and a controller. The motor generates the required torque, while the sensor measures the system's position or velocity. The controller compares the desired position or velocity with the actual position or velocity and adjusts the motor's output accordingly. This allows for precise and powerful control of mechanical systems, making a servomechanism ideal for applications that require a larger amount of torque.

To convert the binary number 11100110 to decimal form using the addition method, we start by assigning weights to each digit in the binary number, starting from the rightmost digit. The weights are powers of 2, with the rightmost digit having a weight of 2^0, the next digit having a weight of 2^1, and so on. Then, we multiply each digit by its corresponding weight and add up all the results. In this case, the calculation would be: (1 * 2^7) + (1 * 2^6) + (1 * 2^5) + (0 * 2^4) + (0 * 2^3) + (1 * 2^2) + (1 * 2^1) + (0 * 2^0) = 128 + 64 + 32 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 0 = 230.

The binary number 111100000101 can be converted to its hexadecimal equivalent by grouping the binary digits into sets of four from right to left. Starting from the right, the first set is 0001, which is equivalent to 1 in hexadecimal. The next set is 0000, which is equivalent to 0 in hexadecimal. The next set is 1111, which is equivalent to F in hexadecimal. Finally, the last set is 0001, which is equivalent to 1 in hexadecimal. Therefore, the hexadecimal equivalent of 111100000101 is X'F05'.

Synchro motors and generators have stators that are set 120 degrees apart. This means that the three stator windings are evenly spaced around the rotor, creating a balanced magnetic field. This arrangement allows for efficient power generation and motor operation, as the magnetic field rotates smoothly and synchronously with the rotor. The 120-degree phase difference between the stator windings ensures that the generated voltage and current are properly distributed, resulting in stable and reliable performance.

A coaxial line is a type of transmission line that has one of its two conductors grounded and is made up of a braided wire tube surrounding the center conductor. This configuration helps to minimize electromagnetic interference and signal loss, making it suitable for high-frequency applications such as telecommunications and cable television. The grounded braided wire tube acts as a shield, protecting the inner conductor from external interference and also preventing the emission of electromagnetic radiation.

A shielded two-wire transmission line has a grounded copper braid shield. This shield is used to protect the transmission line from external electromagnetic interference. The grounded copper braid shield helps to prevent the leakage of electromagnetic signals and reduces the chances of signal degradation. It provides a grounded path for any unwanted electrical currents or electromagnetic waves that may be present in the environment, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the transmission line.

In a typical AM superheterodyne receiver, the process used to tune two or more circuits with a single control is called ganged tuning. This means that multiple circuits, such as the local oscillator and the RF amplifier, are mechanically linked together so that they can be adjusted simultaneously by a single control. This allows for easier and more precise tuning of the receiver, as all the circuits are tuned together.

The initiated Built-in Test (BIT) on the Litening pod takes 3 minutes. This suggests that the process of conducting the BIT on the pod, which is likely a diagnostic test to check for any faults or malfunctions, requires a duration of 3 minutes to complete.

An antenna is a conductor or set of conductors that is used to radiate electromagnetic energy into space or collect electromagnetic energy from space. It is a crucial component in wireless communication systems as it allows for the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves. Antennas come in various shapes and sizes depending on the specific application and frequency range. They play a vital role in enabling the transfer of information wirelessly over long distances.

The discriminator and limiter are two fundamental sections of an FM receiver that are electrically different from those in an AM receiver. The discriminator is responsible for converting the frequency variations of the FM signal into audio signals, while the limiter ensures that the amplitude of the FM signal remains constant. These two components play crucial roles in the demodulation process of FM signals, distinguishing them from the components used in AM receivers.

The indenter selector knob allows you to adjust how tight the pin will be squeezed during the crimping process. This knob controls the pressure applied by the indenter, which is the part of the tool that actually crimps the pin onto the wire. By adjusting the indenter selector knob, you can customize the tightness of the crimp to ensure a secure connection between the pin and the wire.

A synchro motor is a type of motor that converts an electrical position signal into an equivalent mechanical position. This means that it takes an electrical input and converts it into a corresponding mechanical output, allowing for precise control and positioning in various applications. The motor essentially translates the electrical signal into physical movement, providing an equivalent mechanical position based on the input received.

A resolver is a synchro device that is used to make trigonometric calculations. It is a type of rotary electrical transformer that converts an angular position or motion into an analog electrical signal. Resolvers are commonly used in various applications such as robotics, aerospace, and military systems, where precise angular measurements and control are required. They can accurately determine the position, speed, and direction of a rotating object by utilizing trigonometric principles. Therefore, a resolver is the correct answer to the question.

The discriminator in a FM transmitter produces the AFC correction voltage. The discriminator is responsible for extracting the audio signal from the carrier wave. It compares the input signal with a reference frequency and generates a voltage that is proportional to the difference between the two frequencies. This voltage is then used to correct the frequency of the transmitter, ensuring that it stays on the desired frequency.

The part of the electrical connector that attaches to a bulkhead or extends from a LRU case is called a receptacle. A receptacle is a female connector that is designed to receive and make electrical contact with a corresponding male connector, such as a plug. It is typically mounted on a bulkhead or extends from a LRU (Line-Replaceable Unit) case to provide a secure and reliable connection between electrical components.

The forward electronics chassis assembly is the correct answer because it is responsible for housing and providing the electrical interface for the electronic circuit assemblies and power supplies. This assembly is designed to protect and organize the electronic components, ensuring proper functioning and connectivity within the system.

To convert a binary number to octal, we group the binary digits into sets of three starting from the rightmost digit. In this case, we have 111 011 1. Then, we convert each group of three binary digits to its corresponding octal digit. 111 in binary is equal to 7 in octal, 011 is equal to 3, and 1 is equal to 1. Therefore, the binary number 1110111 is equal to 167 in octal.

The correct answer is roll section. This means that if there are any malfunctions associated with the roll section of the aircraft, the pod must be removed. The roll section is responsible for controlling the lateral movement of the aircraft, so any issues in this section could affect the stability and maneuverability of the aircraft. Removing the pod would be necessary to address and fix the malfunction in the roll section.

The rear section provides the electrical interfaces between the pod sections and units, as well as between the pod and the aircraft. This means that it is responsible for connecting and facilitating communication between different components and systems within the pod, as well as between the pod and the aircraft.