8sw2 Yearly Science Exam

The particles that move around the nucleus of an atom are called:

• Neutrons

• Protons

• Electrons

• Ions

All atoms are made up of what 3 basic components?

• Nucleus, protons and electrons

• Ions, protons and electrons

• Electrons, protons and neutrons

• Elements, compounds and mixtures

In the table shown which letter best describes the characteristics of a metal?

• A

• B

• C

In the table shown which letter best describes the characteristics of a non-metal?

• A

• B

• C

In the picture shown, what is represented by line A?

• Atomic number

• Atomic mass

• Number of protons

• The group number

In the picture shown, which line represents the symbol for the element?

• B

• A

• C

• D

An element be broken down into a simpler substance

• True

• False

In the picture shown, what does the box labelled A represent? 

• Pure Element –only one typeof atom present

• Mixture of two elements –two types of uncombined atoms present.

• Pure compound –only one type of compound present

• Mixture of two compounds –two types of compounds present

• Mixture of a compound and an element.

In the picture shown, what does the box labelled B represent? 

• Pure Element –only one typeof atom present

• Mixture of two elements –two types of uncombined atoms present.

• Pure compound –only one type of compound present

• Mixture of two compounds –two types of compounds present

• Mixture of a compound and an element.

In the picture shown, what does the box labelled C represent? 

• Pure Element –only one typeof atom present

• Mixture of two elements –two types of uncombined atoms present.

• Pure compound –only one type of compound present

• Mixture of two compounds –two types of compounds present

• Mixture of a compound and an element.

The chemical formula for the compound salt is NaCl. Salt contains the elements:(hint = use the picture shown)

• Sodium and carbon

• Sodium and chlorine

• Chlorine and nitrogen

• Nitrogen and carbon

Most of the worlds electricity comes from the burning of:

• Alcohol

• Coal

• Oil

• Natural gas

Coal stores energy. The energy originally came from:

• The Earth

• The sun

• Chemicals

• Rocks

A natural fuel formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms is known as:

• A fossil fuel

• Solar energy

• Geothermal

• Biomass

Which of these resources is non-renewable?

• Natural gas

• Wind

• Solar energy

• Hydroelectricity

Plants obtain the energy to make food from:

• Water

• Air

• Soil

• The sun

Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

• Oil

• Iron ore

• Solar energy

• Hydrogen

Which of the following is NOT a chemical change?

• Burning a match

• Dissolving sugar in tea

• Ripening of a banana

• Cooking a cake

Potential Energy (PE) is:

• The energy caused by the movement of an object

• Energy that is stored (like compressed springs)

• The energy that is used when a light is switched on

• The energy released when a runner gets hot

Batteries are stores of:

• Electrical energy

• Chemical energy

• Kinetic energy

• Acidic energy

Food is a source of:

• Electrical energy

• Chemical energy

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

This image shows which method of heat transfer:

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Thermal energy

This image shows which method of heat transfer:

• Conduction

• Convection

• Radiation

• Thermal energy

In which situation below is heat being transferred mainly by radiation?

• From a hot clothes iron to your hand held close to it

• From hot plate on the stove to the soup in the saucepan

• From a hot car door to your hand placed on the metal

• From a hot drink to the end of a metal spoon used to stir it

What is the main advantage of wind power?

• It does not work unless there is wind

• It is a renewable energy source

• It uses large turbines

• In no way does it harm the ecosystem

What is the main disadvantage of a coal fired power plant?

• It is a non-renewable energy source

• It is a renewable energy source

• It is cheap

• It is relatively easy to obtain

Is the picture shown a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Is the picture shown a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Is the picture shown a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Is the picture shown a physical or chemical change?

• Physical

• Chemical

Fossil fuels began forming millions of ________ ago. At the time when it is believed that dinosaurs roamed the ________ , forests of trees fell into swamps and were covered by silt and ________ . They gradually changed into the coal, ________ and natural ________ that we use today. The advantages of using fossil fuels are that they are readily available at the present time and are ________ . They can also be used for many purposes e.g. coal can be ________ in power stations to make ________ and also in homes for ________ . These fossil ________ took millions of years to form, yet humans are using them rapidly in cars, power ________ the disadvantages of fossil fuels is that they will run out, and also that they are ________ . 

The law of ________ of energy states that energy cannot be ________ or ________, but can only ________ forms. There are many different forms of energy. Potential energy is ________ energy and kinetic energy is the energy of ________.  Take for example the motion of a roller coaster on its tracks: at the ________of the loop, the roller coaster has high potential energy. At the ________  of the loop, it has high kinetic energy. If energy is conserved why does the roller coaster eventually slow down and stop at the bottom of the roller? That’s because the force of friction changes the kinetic energy into ________ and ________  energy, especially when the brakes are applied.      As the roller coaster moves around the track, its potential and kinetic energy change back and forth.