Physics Q1 BIM3 8A

1.

What is the smallest measure of matter?
- A.
  
  Molecule
- B.
  
  Particle
- C.
  
  Electron
- D.
  
  Atom
Correct Answer
D. Atom

Explanation
An atom is the smallest measure of matter. It consists of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and electrons orbiting around the nucleus. Atoms are the basic building blocks of all substances and cannot be broken down into smaller particles without losing their chemical properties. Molecules are formed when two or more atoms combine chemically. Particles and electrons are smaller components of an atom.

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2.

Substances have a defined number of protons
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
The statement is true because substances, specifically atoms, have a defined number of protons. Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom, and each element has a unique number of protons. This number is known as the atomic number and determines the identity of the element. Therefore, substances do indeed have a specific and fixed number of protons.

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3.

Select a physical property of matter
- A.
  
  Magnetism
- B.
  
  Ability to burn
- C.
  
  Ability to rust
- D.
  
  Atoms
Correct Answer
A. Magnetism

Explanation
Magnetism is a physical property of matter because it refers to the ability of certain materials to attract or repel other materials. This property is due to the alignment of magnetic domains within the material, creating a magnetic field. Magnetism is a unique property that can be observed and measured, making it a physical characteristic of matter.

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4.

What is the opposite of sublimation?
- A.
  
  Gas
- B.
  
  Solid
- C.
  
  Deposition
- D.
  
  Vaporization
Correct Answer
C. Deposition

Explanation
Deposition is the process in which a substance transitions directly from a gas to a solid state, without passing through the liquid phase. Sublimation, on the other hand, is the process in which a substance transitions directly from a solid to a gas state, also bypassing the liquid phase. Therefore, deposition is the opposite of sublimation because it involves the reverse transition, from gas to solid, instead of solid to gas.

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5.

Which is a sign of a chemical change?
- A.
  
  Change in size
- B.
  
  Change in odor
- C.
  
  Change in mass
- D.
  
  Change in volume
Correct Answer
B. Change in odor

Explanation
A change in odor is a sign of a chemical change because it indicates that the chemical composition of the substance has been altered. When a substance undergoes a chemical change, new molecules are formed, which can often have different smells compared to the original substance. This change in odor is a result of the rearrangement of atoms and the formation of new chemical bonds. Therefore, a change in odor is a reliable indicator of a chemical change taking place.

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6.

After a chemical reaction the almount of matter will still be the same.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
A. True

Explanation
After a chemical reaction, the law of conservation of mass states that the total mass of the reactants will be equal to the total mass of the products. This means that the amount of matter will remain the same before and after the reaction. Therefore, the statement "After a chemical reaction the amount of matter will still be the same" is true.

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7.

________ have decreased attraction forces, no definite shape but definite volume.

Correct Answer
Liquids

Explanation
Liquids have decreased attraction forces compared to solids, allowing their particles to move more freely. While they do not have a definite shape, liquids do have a definite volume, meaning they take up a specific amount of space. This is because the particles in a liquid are close together but still able to move and flow past each other.

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8.

________ have very weak attraction forces, no definite shape or volume, and particles moving very fast.

Correct Answer
Gases

Explanation
Gases have very weak attraction forces between particles, allowing them to move freely and rapidly. Unlike solids and liquids, gases do not have a definite shape or volume, as they can expand to fill any container they are placed in. The fast movement of gas particles is due to their high kinetic energy, which allows them to move independently and randomly throughout the space they occupy.

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9.

When particles are farther apart, there is LESS kinetic energy.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
When particles are farther apart, there is actually MORE kinetic energy. This is because when particles are closer together, they experience more attractive forces between them, resulting in a decrease in their kinetic energy. On the other hand, when particles are farther apart, these attractive forces are weaker, allowing the particles to move more freely and have a higher kinetic energy. Therefore, the statement is false.

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10.

________ is vaporization occurring only on the surface

Correct Answer
Evaporation

Explanation
Evaporation is the process of vaporization that occurs only on the surface of a liquid. It happens when the liquid molecules gain enough energy to escape into the surrounding air as gas. Unlike boiling, which involves the entire volume of the liquid, evaporation is limited to the surface. This is why a puddle of water left in the sun will eventually dry up, as the surface molecules continuously evaporate, leaving behind less liquid.

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11.

Charle’s Law says that if you INCREASE the temperature of a gas, its volume will....

Correct Answer
Increase

Explanation
According to Charles's Law, when the temperature of a gas is increased, its volume also increases. This is because as the temperature rises, the gas molecules gain more kinetic energy and move faster, causing them to collide more frequently and with greater force against the walls of the container. This increased collision rate and force lead to an expansion in the volume of the gas. Therefore, the correct answer is "Increase."

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12.

Boyle’s Law states that if you INCREASE the pressure of a gas, it’s volume will....
- A.
  
  Increase
- B.
  
  Decrease
- C.
  
  Stay the same
- D.
  
  Explode
Correct Answer
B. Decrease

Explanation
According to Boyle's Law, when the pressure of a gas is increased, its volume will decrease. This is because an increase in pressure compresses the gas molecules, causing them to occupy a smaller space. As a result, the volume of the gas decreases.

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13.

Select which are chemical properties
- A.
  
  Ability to grow
- B.
  
  Ability to rust
- C.
  
  Ability to burn
- D.
  
  Ability to change
Correct Answer(s)
B. Ability to rust
C. Ability to burn

Explanation
The ability to rust and the ability to burn are both chemical properties. Rusting is a chemical reaction that occurs when iron or steel reacts with oxygen in the presence of moisture, forming iron oxide. Burning is also a chemical reaction that involves the rapid oxidation of a substance in the presence of oxygen, resulting in the release of heat and light. Both rusting and burning involve chemical changes and are therefore considered chemical properties. The ability to grow and the ability to change are not specifically chemical properties, as they can be attributed to various physical and biological processes as well.

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14.

Which are the two factors that determine the state of matter
- A.
  
  Particle composition
- B.
  
  Particle speed
- C.
  
  Particle motion
- D.
  
  Particle force
Correct Answer(s)
C. Particle motion
D. Particle force

Explanation
The state of matter is determined by two factors: particle motion and particle force. Particle motion refers to the movement of particles within a substance, which can vary depending on the state of matter. For example, in a solid, particles have limited motion and vibrate in place, while in a gas, particles have high motion and move freely. Particle force refers to the strength of the interactions between particles, which also varies with the state of matter. In a solid, particles are closely packed and have strong forces between them, while in a gas, particles are far apart and have weaker forces. These two factors together dictate the properties and behavior of different states of matter.

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Physics Q1 Bim3 8a

What is the smallest measure of matter?

Substances have a defined number of protons

Select a physical property of matter

What is the opposite of sublimation?

Which is a sign of a chemical change?

After a chemical reaction the almount of matter will still be the same.

________ have decreased attraction forces, no definite shape but definite volume.

________ have very weak attraction forces, no definite shape or volume, and particles moving very fast.

When particles are farther apart, there is LESS kinetic energy.

________ is vaporization occurring only on the surface

Charle’s Law says that if you INCREASE the temperature of a gas, its volume will....

Boyle’s Law states that if you INCREASE the pressure of a gas, it’s volume will....

Select which are chemical properties

Which are the two factors that determine the state of matter