Atom Structure And Isotopes: Quiz!
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
In a neutral atom, the numbers of protons and electrons are _____.
- A.
Not the same
- B.
The same
Correct Answer
B. The sameExplanation
In a neutral atom, the numbers of protons and electrons are the same. This is because protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. In order for an atom to be neutral, it must have an equal number of positive protons and negative electrons, balancing out the charges and resulting in a net charge of zero.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The charge on an atom is _____.
- A.
Neutral
- B.
Negative
- C.
Positive
Correct Answer
A. NeutralExplanation
The charge on an atom is neutral because atoms are made up of equal numbers of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge), resulting in a balanced overall charge of zero. This means that the positive and negative charges cancel each other out, making the atom neutral.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A neutral atom has 40 electrons and 46 neutrons. How many protons does it have?
- A.
40
- B.
46
- C.
86
Correct Answer
A. 40Explanation
The number of protons in an atom is equal to its atomic number, which is also equal to the number of electrons in a neutral atom. Since the given atom is neutral and has 40 electrons, it must also have 40 protons.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A neutral atom has 22 electrons and 24 neutrons. What is its atomic number?
- A.
22
- B.
24
- C.
45
Correct Answer
A. 22Explanation
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons it has. In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. Therefore, if the atom has 22 electrons, its atomic number is also 22.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The atom's mass is found mostly in the atom's _____.
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Protons
- C.
Electrons
- D.
Electron cloud
Correct Answer
A. NucleusExplanation
The correct answer is nucleus. The nucleus of an atom contains most of the atom's mass. It is a dense, positively charged region located at the center of the atom. The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons, which are much larger in mass compared to electrons. Electrons, on the other hand, are much smaller and are found in the electron cloud, which surrounds the nucleus. However, their mass is negligible compared to the mass of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A particle has 25 protons, 22 electrons and 24 neutrons. Which of these statements is true?
- A.
The particle is an ion.
- B.
The particle is a neutral atom.
Correct Answer
A. The particle is an ion.Explanation
The given particle has 25 protons, 22 electrons, and 24 neutrons. In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons, which is not the case here. Since the particle has a different number of protons and electrons, it is an ion.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What is the atomic number of an atom that has 12 protons, 13 neutrons, and 12 electrons?
- A.
12
- B.
2
- C.
13
- D.
25
Correct Answer
A. 12Explanation
The atomic number of an atom corresponds to the number of protons in its nucleus. In this case, the atom has 12 protons, which means its atomic number is 12. The number of neutrons and electrons are not relevant to determining the atomic number.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Two isotopes of the same element have the same number of _____.
- A.
Protons
- B.
Neutrons
- C.
Electrons
- D.
Atoms
Correct Answer
A. ProtonsExplanation
Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons because they are different forms of the same element and therefore have the same atomic number. The number of protons determines the element's identity. Isotopes differ in the number of neutrons they have, which affects their atomic mass. Electrons can vary in isotopes if the ionization state of the atom changes, but the number of protons remains constant. The term "atoms" is too broad and does not specifically refer to the number of a particular subatomic particle.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The atomic number of an element tells us the number of protons and neutrons in a specific isotope.
- A.
False
- B.
True
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The atomic number of an element only tells us the number of protons in an atom, not the number of neutrons. The number of neutrons can vary in different isotopes of the same element.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus and it also identifies the element.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The atomic number is indeed the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. It is a unique identifier for each element, as no two elements have the same number of protons. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What makes isotopes of the same element different from each other?
- A.
The number of protons in their nucleus.
- B.
The number of neutrons in their nucleus.
- C.
The number of electrons they have.
Correct Answer
B. The number of neutrons in their nucleus.Explanation
Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons, which determines the element's identity. However, they differ in the number of neutrons in their nucleus. This difference in neutron number leads to variations in the atomic mass of the isotopes. Isotopes with more neutrons are heavier and have a different atomic mass than isotopes with fewer neutrons. The number of electrons they have does not affect the identity or properties of the element, as it determines the element's charge and chemical behavior.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which is the correct symbol for an oxygen atom with 8 protons, 9 neutrons and 8 electrons?
- A.
16 O 8
- B.
17 O 8
- C.
18 O 8
- D.
18 O 9
Correct Answer
B. 17 O 8Explanation
The correct symbol for an oxygen atom with 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons is 17 O. The number 17 represents the sum of protons and neutrons, while the number 8 represents the number of protons or electrons in an atom.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A neutral atom has 22 electrons and 24 neutrons. What is its mass number?
- A.
46
- B.
24
- C.
45
- D.
22
Correct Answer
A. 46Explanation
The mass number of an atom is the sum of its protons and neutrons. In this case, the atom has 24 neutrons and since neutrons have no charge, they do not contribute to the atomic number. Therefore, the mass number is equal to the number of protons, which is 22.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A chemical symbol represents the _____ of an element.
- A.
Name
- B.
Reaction
- C.
Group
- D.
Structure
- E.
Type
Correct Answer
A. NameExplanation
A chemical symbol represents the name of an element. Chemical symbols are unique abbreviations used to denote different elements in the periodic table. These symbols are typically composed of one or two letters, derived from the element's name in English or Latin. They serve as a shorthand way to identify and refer to specific elements in chemical formulas, equations, and other scientific contexts.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called _____.
- A.
Isotopes
- B.
Metals
- C.
Metalloids
- D.
Radioactive
- E.
Transition elements
Correct Answer
A. IsotopesExplanation
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, but they differ in the number of neutrons. This difference in the number of neutrons gives isotopes different atomic masses. Isotopes can have different physical and chemical properties due to their varying atomic masses.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A particle that moves around the nucleus is _____.
- A.
An electron
- B.
A proton
- C.
A quark
- D.
A neutron
- E.
An ion
Correct Answer
A. An electronExplanation
An electron is a subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus of an atom. It carries a negative charge and is one of the fundamental building blocks of matter. Electrons are found in different energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus, and their movement creates an electron cloud or electron shell. Protons and neutrons are also particles found in the nucleus, but they do not move around it. Quarks are even smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons. An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, but it does not specifically refer to a particle that moves around the nucleus.Rate this question:
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- 17.
A certain atom has 26 protons, 26 electrons, and 30 neutrons. Its mass number is _____.
- A.
56
- B.
30
- C.
52
- D.
26
Correct Answer
A. 56Explanation
The mass number of an atom is equal to the sum of its protons and neutrons. In this case, the atom has 26 protons and 30 neutrons, so the mass number would be 26 + 30 = 56.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The charge on a proton is _____.
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
Neutral
- D.
The same as for an ion
Correct Answer
A. PositiveExplanation
A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom and it carries a positive charge. This charge is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the charge of an electron, which is negative. Therefore, the correct answer is positive.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The number of protons in an atom is called the _____.
- A.
Atomic number
- B.
Electron
- C.
Proton
- D.
Mass number
- E.
Neutron
Correct Answer
A. Atomic numberExplanation
The number of protons in an atom is called the atomic number. This is because the atomic number determines the identity of an element and is unique to each element. The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom determines its atomic number. This property is used to organize elements in the periodic table.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The charge on a neutron is _____.
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
Neutral
- D.
The same as for an ion
Correct Answer
C. NeutralExplanation
Neutrons are subatomic particles that do not have a charge. They are electrically neutral, meaning they have no positive or negative charge. This is because neutrons are composed of three quarks (two down quarks and one up quark) that have charges that cancel each other out. Therefore, the charge on a neutron is neutral.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The charge on an electron is _____.
- A.
Positive
- B.
Negative
- C.
Neutral
- D.
The same as for an ion
Correct Answer
B. NegativeExplanation
The charge on an electron is negative. This is because electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. Electrons have a fundamental unit of charge equal to -1, while protons, which are positively charged particles, have a charge of +1. The overall charge of an atom is neutral because it contains an equal number of protons and electrons.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The central core of an atom is called the _____.
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Atomic number
- C.
Proton
- D.
Electron
- E.
Neutron
Correct Answer
A. NucleusExplanation
The central core of an atom is called the nucleus. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, which are the particles that make up the majority of an atom's mass. The atomic number refers to the number of protons in an atom, and electrons are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is nucleus.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The mass of a(n) _____ is about equal to the mass of a proton.
- A.
Neutron
- B.
Atomic number
- C.
Electron
- D.
Nucleus
Correct Answer
A. NeutronExplanation
The mass of a neutron is about equal to the mass of a proton. Neutrons and protons are both subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They have almost the same mass, with the neutron being just slightly heavier than the proton. The atomic number refers to the number of protons in an atom, while an electron is a much lighter particle that orbits around the nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is neutron.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is the atom’s _____.
- A.
Mass number
- B.
Atomic number
- C.
Weight
Correct Answer
A. Mass numberExplanation
The mass number of an atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. It represents the total mass of the atom and is used to identify different isotopes of an element. The atomic number, on the other hand, only represents the number of protons in an atom and is used to determine the element's identity. Weight is a term used to describe the force exerted on an object due to gravity and is not directly related to the composition of an atom.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 06, 2020Quiz Created by
Lisa Abukamail
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