Pathoimmunology Of Airway Diseases (Knoell)
Pathoimmunology of Airway Diseases (Knoell)
- 1.Which of the following cells of the innate immune system fits the following description: very potent granulocytes, persists in circulation for 8-12 hours, presence in lung, skin, or internal organs is indicative of disease?
- A.
Neutrophils
- B.
Eosinophils
- C.
Mast cells
- D.
Dendritic cell
- E.
Phagocytes
- 2.Which of the following cells are able to: recognize invaders with higher specificity, phagocytose the bacterium, process antigen, and mobilizes to regional lymph nodes to present Ag to lymphocytes?
- A.
Neutrophils
- B.
Eosinophils
- C.
Mast cells
- D.
Dendritic cells
- E.
Phagocytes
- 3.The hygiene theory attempts to explain the growing incidence of atopic diseases. Which the following CD4+ t-helper cells must predominate for an atopic disease to develop?
- A.
TH1
- B.
TH2
- 4.Which of the following are NOT a major player in perpetuating tissue damage and inflammation related to asthma?
- A.
Mast cells
- B.
TH1 lymphocytes
- C.
TH2 lymphocytes
- D.
Eosinophils
- E.
Neutrophils
- 5.The release of chemotactic factors from mast cells is associated with which of the following?
- A.
Early phase reaction (EPR) of mast cell activation
- B.
Late phase reaction (LPR) of mast cell activation
- 6.Which of the following is a correctly matched pair of disorder and chest condition?
- A.
Asthma: restrictive chest condition
- B.
Atelectasis: restrictive chest condition
- C.
Pleural effusion: obstructive chest condition
- D.
Pneumothorax: obstructive chest condition
- E.
Emphysema: obstructive chest condition
- 7.Gas exchange during respiration requires an even match between which TWO of the following parameters?
- A.
Alveolar space
- B.
Blood perfusion
- C.
CO2 diffusion capacity
- D.
Lung volume
- E.
Ventilation (air movement)
- 8.Bronchial morphology of an asthmatic includes all of the following except:
- A.
Inflammation
- B.
Eosinophils
- C.
Gland hyperplasia --> mucus plug
- D.
Hypertrophy of muscle layer
- E.
Weakened or collapsed alveolar sacs
- 9.The most common predisposing factors associated with asthma include all of the following except:
- A.
History of atopy/exposure to airbourne allergens
- B.
Initiation of asthma is early life
- C.
Respiratory viral infections
- D.
Positive family history
- E.
All of the above are predisposing factors
- 10.What is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
- A.
History of atopy
- B.
Chronic viral infection
- C.
Cigarette smoking
- D.
Alpha-1-amitrypsin deficiency
- E.
Occupational exposure to chemicals
- 11.True or False: COPD, like other diseases such as coronary heart disease and strokes, are on a death decline due to the development of effective treatment.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 12.The diagnostic definition of chronic bronchitis includes all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
Abnormal, permanent air space enlargement
- B.
Chronic, productive cough for 3 months during each of the past 2 years
- C.
Decline in FEV1
- D.
Asymptomatic until pulmonary function is
- E.
Classic symptoms: cough, dyspnea, wheezing, sputum production
- 13.Using spirometry, which of the following values obtain after a bronchodilator challenge confirms the presence of airflow limitation that is NOT fully reversible?
- A.
>12% improvement in FEV
- B.
FEV1/FVC < 70%
- C.
FEV1/FVC > 80%
- D.
>200 ml change in spirometry
- E.
All of the above are indicative of COPD's irreversible nature
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