A&p 1 Final

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  • 1/157 Questions

    The femur is an example of a (n)

    • Long bone
    • Short bone
    • Flat bone
    • Intermidiate bone
    • Irregular bone
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About This Quiz

The 'A&P 1 Final' quiz assesses key concepts in human anatomy and physiology, focusing on structures like melanin, cardiac muscle, and bone development. It evaluates understanding of biological functions and structural adaptations, essential for students in health-related fields.

Human Anatomy Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    A patient has a ruptured appendix, into which activity would a surgeon cut

    • Abdominal

    • Thoracic

    • Vertebral

    • Cranial

    • Pleural

    Correct Answer
    A. Abdominal
    Explanation
    In order to remove a ruptured appendix, a surgeon would cut into the abdominal region. The appendix is located in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, so accessing it would require an incision in the abdominal area. The other options, such as thoracic (chest), vertebral (spine), cranial (skull), and pleural (lung), do not pertain to the location of the appendix and therefore would not be appropriate for this procedure.

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  • 3. 

    The primary role of nervous tissue is to ______________

    • Respond to stimuli and transmit electrical signals to other body regions

    • Pull on the skin and bones to create body movements

    • Provide cushioning and protection for vital organs

    • Function as a barrier

    Correct Answer
    A. Respond to stimuli and transmit electrical signals to other body regions
    Explanation
    Nervous tissue is responsible for responding to stimuli and transmitting electrical signals to other body regions. This is achieved through the specialized cells called neurons, which can detect changes in the internal or external environment and generate electrical impulses. These impulses are then transmitted through the nervous system, allowing for communication between different parts of the body and enabling the coordination of various physiological processes and behaviors.

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  • 4. 

    The________joint is an example of a ball and socket joint

    • Shoulder

    • Wrist

    • Elbow

    • Temporomandibular

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Shoulder
    Explanation
    The shoulder joint is an example of a ball and socket joint because it consists of the rounded head of the humerus bone fitting into the shallow socket of the scapula bone. This allows for a wide range of motion in multiple directions, similar to how a ball can move freely in a socket. The wrist, elbow, and temporomandibular joints do not have the same structure as a ball and socket joint, making the shoulder the correct answer.

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  • 5. 

    The _______ bone is an example of a facial bone

    • Zygomatic

    • Parietal

    • Lamboid

    • Temporal

    • Occipital

    Correct Answer
    A. Zygomatic
    Explanation
    The zygomatic bone is considered a facial bone because it is located in the face. It is commonly known as the cheekbone and forms the prominence of the cheek. This bone connects with other facial bones such as the maxilla, frontal bone, and temporal bone to form the structure of the face. It also plays a role in protecting the eye and supporting the muscles involved in facial expression.

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  • 6. 

    The anatomical position is used

    • Rarely because people seldom assume that position

    • As a standard reference for directional terms, regardless of the actual body position

    • Only by physicians during physical exams

    • Only when the body is lying down

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. As a standard reference for directional terms, regardless of the actual body position
    Explanation
    The anatomical position is used as a standard reference for directional terms, regardless of the actual body position. This means that regardless of how the body is positioned, the anatomical position serves as a common reference point for describing the location and orientation of body parts. It allows for consistent communication and understanding among medical professionals and researchers. It is not limited to physicians during physical exams or when the body is lying down, and it is not rarely used because people seldom assume that position.

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  • 7. 

     The primary role of the biological pigment melanin is

    • Cutaneous stretch sensation

    • Protect DNA from UV damage

    • Activate immune cells in response to microorganisms

    • Aid in tissue repair after mechanical stress/ damage

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Protect DNA from UV damage
    Explanation
    Melanin is a biological pigment found in the skin, hair, and eyes. Its primary role is to protect DNA from UV damage. Melanin acts as a natural sunscreen by absorbing and dispersing UV radiation, preventing it from causing damage to the DNA in skin cells. This protection is crucial as UV radiation can lead to DNA mutations and potentially increase the risk of skin cancer. Therefore, melanin plays a vital role in safeguarding the genetic material within our cells from harmful UV rays.

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  • 8. 

    The division of anatomy that deals with large structures that are visible to the naked eye is called

    • Developmental anatomy

    • Gross anatomy

    • Histological anatomy

    • Coarse anatomy

    • Micro anatomy

    Correct Answer
    A. Gross anatomy
    Explanation
    Gross anatomy is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the division of anatomy that deals with large structures that are visible to the naked eye. This includes the study of organs, tissues, and systems of the body through dissection and examination without the use of a microscope. Developmental anatomy focuses on the study of how organisms grow and develop, histological anatomy deals with the study of tissues at a microscopic level, coarse anatomy and micro anatomy are not recognized divisions of anatomy.

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  • 9. 

    Cartilage is an example of ____________tissue

    • Stratified epithelial

    • Bone

    • Connective

    • Nervous

    • Alveolar

    Correct Answer
    A. Connective
    Explanation
    Cartilage is a type of connective tissue. Connective tissue is a type of tissue that provides support and structure to the body. It is made up of cells called fibroblasts, which produce the extracellular matrix that gives connective tissue its strength and flexibility. Cartilage is found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, ears, and nose, and it acts as a cushion and shock absorber. It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes, which are embedded in a matrix of collagen fibers and proteoglycans.

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  • 10. 

    After a fair skinned person spent the day at the beach with no sun screen which cell type is most likely to become highly active?

    • Keratinocyte

    • Melanocyte

    • Astrocyte

    • Matrix cell

    • Papillary cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Melanocyte
    Explanation
    After a fair-skinned person spends the day at the beach with no sunscreen, the ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun can cause damage to the skin. Melanocytes are the cells responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives color to the skin. In response to UV radiation, melanocytes become highly active in order to produce more melanin and protect the skin from further damage. Therefore, the melanocytes are most likely to become highly active in this scenario.

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  • 11. 

    Histology is the study of

    • Tissues

    • Cells

    • DNA

    • Organ systems

    • The respiratory system

    Correct Answer
    A. Tissues
    Explanation
    Histology is the study of tissues. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function in the body. By studying tissues, histologists can gain insights into the structure, organization, and function of different organs and systems in the body. This field of study is important in understanding the normal and abnormal functioning of tissues, diagnosing diseases, and developing treatments.

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  • 12. 

    Before puberty, long bone lengthens at a zone of cartilage called the

    • Epiphyseal plate

    • Articular cartilage

    • Medullary cavity

    • Spongy bone

    • Primary ossification center

    Correct Answer
    A. Epiphyseal plate
    Explanation
    During puberty, the long bones in the body grow in length at a zone of cartilage called the epiphyseal plate. This is a thin layer of cartilage located at the ends of the long bones where new bone tissue is formed. As a person goes through puberty, hormones stimulate the growth plates to produce more cartilage, which then gradually hardens and turns into bone. This process allows for the lengthening of the long bones and is responsible for the increase in height during puberty.

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  • 13. 

    A metabolic poison that inhibits the production of ATP most likely affects the

    • Mitochondria

    • Golgi apparatus

    • Ribosomes

    • Cytoskeleton

    • Lysosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondria
    Explanation
    A metabolic poison that inhibits the production of ATP most likely affects the mitochondria. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration. ATP is the main energy source for cellular processes, so inhibiting its production would have a significant impact on the cell's ability to function properly. Therefore, it is logical to conclude that a metabolic poison affecting ATP production would primarily affect the mitochondria.

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  • 14. 

    What is acetylchoinesterase?

    • An enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine

    • Signaling molecule that initiates contraction

    • Protein that blocks the myosin binding site on actin filaments

    • The control center for excitation contraction coupling

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. An enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine
    Explanation
    Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is involved in the transmission of signals between nerve cells. Acetylcholinesterase plays a crucial role in regulating the levels of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, where it breaks down acetylcholine into choline and acetate. This breakdown process is essential for terminating the signal transmission and allowing the nerve cells to reset and prepare for the next signal. Therefore, the correct answer is that acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine.

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  • 15. 

    Virtually all chemical reactions in our body are catalized (sped up) by

    • Salts

    • Enzymes

    • Phospholipids

    • Polysaccharides

    • Electrolytes

    Correct Answer
    A. Enzymes
    Explanation
    Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in the body, meaning they speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process. They play a crucial role in various biological processes such as digestion, metabolism, and DNA replication. Unlike other options like salts, phospholipids, polysaccharides, and electrolytes, enzymes have specific structures that allow them to bind to substrates and facilitate reactions. Therefore, enzymes are the most appropriate answer as they are specifically designed to catalyze chemical reactions in the body.

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  • 16. 

    The hypothalamus ___________

    • Is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature

    • Is an important auditory and visual relay center

    • Has the pulvinar body as part of its structure

    • Mediates sensations

    Correct Answer
    A. Is the thermostat of the body because it regulates temperature
    Explanation
    The hypothalamus is considered the thermostat of the body because it plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature. It helps maintain the body's internal temperature within a narrow range, despite changes in the external environment. The hypothalamus receives information from temperature sensors throughout the body and initiates appropriate responses to either cool down or warm up the body as needed. This includes actions such as sweating, shivering, or adjusting blood flow to the skin. Therefore, the hypothalamus acts as a control center for maintaining body temperature homeostasis.

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  • 17. 

    Preparing the body for the "flight-or fight" response is the role of the

    • Sympathetic nervous system

    • Cerebrum

    • Parasympathetic nervous system

    • Somatic nervous system

    Correct Answer
    A. Sympathetic nervous system
    Explanation
    The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for preparing the body for the "flight-or-fight" response. This response is triggered in situations of stress or danger, and it prepares the body to either confront the threat or flee from it. The sympathetic nervous system activates various physiological responses such as increased heart rate, dilation of blood vessels, and release of stress hormones like adrenaline. These responses help to mobilize energy and increase alertness, preparing the body for immediate action.

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  • 18. 

    The cranial sutures include the squamous, lambdoid, coronal, and

    • Deltoid

    • Sagital

    • Nasal

    • Mandibular

    • Ethmoid

    Correct Answer
    A. Sagital
    Explanation
    The cranial sutures are the joints between the bones of the skull. They allow for slight movement and flexibility during birth and growth. The sagittal suture is the joint that runs along the top of the skull, from the fontanelle (soft spot) at the front to the lambdoid suture at the back. It separates the two parietal bones and helps to fuse the bones of the skull together.

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  • 19. 

    ____________ adhere neighboring cells together so that no fluids or solutes may pass between the cells

    • Tight junctions

    • Connexons

    • Keratin

    • Desmosomes

    • Gap junctions

    Correct Answer
    A. Tight junctions
    Explanation
    Tight junctions are specialized protein structures that tightly adhere neighboring cells together, forming a barrier that prevents the passage of fluids or solutes between the cells. This helps to maintain the integrity and function of tissues by preventing the leakage of substances between cells. Tight junctions are commonly found in epithelial tissues, such as the lining of the digestive tract, where they play a crucial role in regulating the movement of molecules across the tissue.

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  • 20. 

    The region of the sarcolemma that carries an action potential into the deep interior of a muscle is called a

    • Neuromuscular junction

    • Terminal cisterna

    • T-tubule

    • Aponeruosis

    • Motor end plate

    Correct Answer
    A. T-tubule
    Explanation
    The t-tubule is a region of the sarcolemma that carries an action potential into the deep interior of a muscle. It is responsible for transmitting the electrical signal rapidly and efficiently throughout the muscle fiber, allowing for synchronized contraction. The t-tubule system is closely associated with the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which releases calcium ions to initiate muscle contraction.

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  • 21. 

    A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be a (n)

    • Organ

    • Complex tissue

    • Organelle

    • Compound tissue

    • Complex cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Organ
    Explanation
    A structure that is composed of two or more tissues would be an organ. Organs are made up of different types of tissues that work together to perform specific functions in the body. Examples of organs include the heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys. Complex tissue, organelle, compound tissue, and complex cell are not accurate descriptions for a structure composed of two or more tissues.

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  • 22. 

    Broca's area ___________

    • Corresponds to Brodmann's area 8

    • Is usually found in the right hemisphere

    • Serves the recognition of complex objects

    • Is considered a motor speech area

    Correct Answer
    A. Is considered a motor speech area
    Explanation
    Broca's area is considered a motor speech area. This means that it plays a crucial role in the production of speech and language. Damage to Broca's area can result in difficulties with speaking fluently and forming words correctly, a condition known as Broca's aphasia. This area is located in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere, which is typically the left hemisphere for right-handed individuals. It is involved in the coordination and control of the muscles involved in speech production.

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  • 23. 

    After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by

    • Wallerian cells

    • Schwann cells

    • Dendrites

    • Golgi organs

    Correct Answer
    A. Schwann cells
    Explanation
    After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by Schwann cells. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell that forms the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system. When an axon is injured, Schwann cells play a crucial role in the regeneration process by forming a pathway for new axonal growth. They release growth factors and create a supportive environment for axon regrowth, guiding the regenerating axons back to their target tissues. Therefore, Schwann cells are essential in the process of axonal regeneration in peripheral nerves.

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  • 24. 

    A developmental anatomist would be most likely to study

    • The effects of alchohol on the structure of the liver

    • The growth of the fetal nervous system in utero

    • Changes to muscle tissue as a result of exercise

    • How the adult brain responds to sleep deprivation

    • The process of bone repair following a break

    Correct Answer
    A. The growth of the fetal nervous system in utero
    Explanation
    A developmental anatomist focuses on studying the growth and development of anatomical structures during different stages of life. In this case, the growth of the fetal nervous system in utero aligns with the area of interest for a developmental anatomist. This field of study involves examining the formation and maturation of the nervous system in embryos and fetuses, including the development of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It aims to understand the processes and factors that influence the proper development of these structures, which can have significant implications for future neurological function.

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  • 25. 

    Action potentials are propagated along the membrane primarily by

    • Leakage ion channels

    • Voltage gated ion channels

    • Mechanogated ion channels

    • Ligand gated ion channels

    Correct Answer
    A. Voltage gated ion channels
    Explanation
    Action potentials are propagated along the membrane primarily by voltage gated ion channels. These channels open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential, allowing the flow of ions across the membrane. When the membrane potential reaches a certain threshold, voltage gated ion channels open, allowing an influx of positively charged ions, which depolarizes the membrane and triggers an action potential. This depolarization then propagates along the membrane as voltage gated ion channels open sequentially, allowing the action potential to spread along the length of the neuron. Leakage ion channels, mechanogated ion channels, and ligand gated ion channels do not play a primary role in propagating action potentials.

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  • 26. 

    The primary auditory cortex is located in the

    • Prefrontal lobe

    • Frontal lobe

    • Temporal lobe

    • Parietal lobe

    Correct Answer
    A. Temporal lobe
    Explanation
    The primary auditory cortex is responsible for processing auditory information and is located in the temporal lobe. This area receives and interprets sound signals from the ears, allowing us to perceive and understand sounds. The temporal lobe is specifically involved in the perception of auditory stimuli, making it the correct location for the primary auditory cortex.

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  • 27. 

    Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are

    • Afferent nerves

    • Efferent nerves

    • Motor nerves

    • Mixed nerves

    Correct Answer
    A. Afferent nerves
    Explanation
    Afferent nerves are the correct answer because they carry impulses from sensory receptors towards the central nervous system (CNS). These nerves transmit information about sensations such as touch, temperature, pain, and pressure from various parts of the body to the brain and spinal cord. Afferent nerves play a crucial role in the process of perception and allow us to be aware of our surroundings and respond to stimuli.

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  • 28. 

    The_____ is an example of a hinge joint

    • Shoulder

    • Wrist

    • Elbow

    • Head

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Elbow
    Explanation
    The elbow is an example of a hinge joint because it allows movement in only one direction, similar to a door hinge. The joint between the humerus bone in the upper arm and the ulna and radius bones in the forearm allows for flexion and extension, enabling the arm to bend and straighten. This type of joint provides stability and strength, allowing for the execution of various activities such as lifting, pushing, and pulling.

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  • 29. 

    The rib cage contains ____true ribs,_____ false ribs, and ______ floating ribs

    • 7, 3, 2

    • 8, 2, 3

    • 6, 4, 3

    • 10, 1, 2

    • 9, 4, 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 7, 3, 2
    Explanation
    The rib cage contains 7 true ribs, 3 false ribs, and 2 floating ribs. The true ribs are directly attached to the sternum, while the false ribs are connected to the sternum indirectly through cartilage. The floating ribs are not attached to the sternum at all.

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  • 30. 

    The occipital bone of the skull is an example of a (n)

    • Long bone

    • Short bone

    • Flat bone

    • Intermediate bone

    • Irregular bone

    Correct Answer
    A. Flat bone
    Explanation
    The occipital bone of the skull is classified as a flat bone because it is thin, flat, and curved in shape. Flat bones are found in areas that require protection of underlying organs, such as the skull, sternum, and ribs. They provide a broad surface area for muscle attachment and serve as a protective barrier.

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  • 31. 

    In response to vigorous activity/ exercise the blood vessels of the skin dilate (open) to allow greater blood flow to the surface of the body, this is an example of the intergumentary system functioning in (as)

    • Cutaneous sensation

    • Biological barrier

    • Temperature regulation

    • Excretion

    • Energy source

    Correct Answer
    A. Temperature regulation
    Explanation
    During vigorous activity or exercise, the blood vessels in the skin dilate to allow increased blood flow to the surface of the body. This is because the body needs to regulate its temperature and cool down. By increasing blood flow to the skin, heat can be dissipated through the process of convection and radiation, helping to regulate body temperature. Therefore, this is an example of the integumentary system functioning in temperature regulation.

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  • 32. 

    Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex1.molecules2. tissues3. organ system4. cells5. organ

    • 1,2,4,3,5

    • 4,1,2,5,3

    • 1,4,2,5,3

    • 2,4,1,5,3

    • 3,5,2,4,1

    Correct Answer
    A. 1,4,2,5,3
    Explanation
    The correct sequence from simplest to most complex is: molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems. Molecules are the smallest units of matter, followed by cells which are the basic structural and functional units of living organisms. Tissues are formed by a group of cells working together to perform a specific function. Organs are composed of different tissues working together to carry out specific functions. Finally, organ systems are made up of multiple organs working together to perform complex functions in the body.

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  • 33. 

    Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous sytem are called

    • Nuclei

    • Nerves

    • Ganglia

    • Tracts

    Correct Answer
    A. Ganglia
    Explanation
    Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ganglia. Ganglia are clusters of nerve cell bodies located in various parts of the peripheral nervous system. They are responsible for receiving and processing sensory information from the body and sending motor signals to muscles and organs. Unlike nuclei, which are collections of nerve cell bodies within the central nervous system, ganglia are found outside of the brain and spinal cord. Nerves are bundles of axons that transmit signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body, and tracts are bundles of axons within the central nervous system.

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  • 34. 

    Saltatory conduction is made possible by 

    • The myelin sheath

    • Large nerve fibers

    • Diphasic impulses

    • Erratic transmission of nerve impulses

    Correct Answer
    A. The myelin sheath
    Explanation
    Saltatory conduction is a process by which nerve impulses jump from one node of Ranvier to another along a myelinated axon. The myelin sheath acts as an insulating layer that covers the axon, preventing the leakage of electrical impulses. This insulation allows the nerve impulses to travel faster and more efficiently, as they can skip the non-myelinated regions of the axon. Therefore, the myelin sheath is essential for saltatory conduction to occur. Large nerve fibers also contribute to saltatory conduction by facilitating faster transmission of the impulses. Diphasic impulses and erratic transmission of nerve impulses are not accurate explanations for saltatory conduction.

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  • 35. 

    If the posterior portion of the neural tube failed to develop properly the

    • Spinal cord may be affected

    • Cranial nerves would not form

    • Hindbrain would not be present

    • Telencephalon would cease development

    Correct Answer
    A. Spinal cord may be affected
    Explanation
    If the posterior portion of the neural tube failed to develop properly, it can lead to the spinal cord being affected. The neural tube is the precursor to the central nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord. The posterior portion specifically gives rise to the spinal cord. Therefore, if this part of the neural tube does not develop properly, it can result in abnormalities or issues with the spinal cord's formation or function.

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  • 36. 

    The three primary element of the cytoskeleton are microfilaments, intermediate filaments and

    • Centrioles

    • Nuclear pores

    • Microtubules

    • Connexons

    • Fibrocytes

    Correct Answer
    A. Microtubules
    Explanation
    Microtubules are one of the three primary elements of the cytoskeleton. They are long, hollow tubes made up of protein called tubulin. They provide structural support to the cell and are involved in various cellular processes such as cell division, intracellular transport, and maintenance of cell shape. Microtubules also serve as tracks along which organelles and vesicles move within the cell. Therefore, microtubules play a crucial role in maintaining the shape and structure of the cell, as well as facilitating cellular functions.

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  • 37. 

    Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

    • Central fissure

    • Longitudinal fissure

    • Parieto-occipital fissure

    • Lateral fissure

    Correct Answer
    A. Longitudinal fissure
    Explanation
    The longitudinal fissure is the correct answer because it is the fissure that separates the cerebral hemispheres. It runs along the midline of the brain, dividing the left and right hemispheres. The other options, central fissure, parieto-occipital fissure, and lateral fissure, are all important fissures in the brain but do not specifically separate the cerebral hemispheres.

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  • 38. 

    Pointing one's toes downward toward the ground is known as

    • Dorsiflexion

    • Plantar flexion

    • Extension

    • Inversion

    • Opposition

    Correct Answer
    A. Plantar flexion
    Explanation
    Plantar flexion refers to the movement of pointing one's toes downward towards the ground. This movement is commonly observed when standing on tiptoes or during activities like walking or running. Dorsiflexion, on the other hand, refers to the movement of pulling the toes upward, extension refers to straightening a joint, inversion refers to turning the sole of the foot inward, and opposition refers to the movement of touching the thumb to the fingers. Therefore, the correct answer is plantar flexion.

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  • 39. 

    Fast glycolytic muscle fibers tend to __________, compared to slow oxidative muscle fibers

    • Have a fast contracation cycle, but fatigue quickly

    • Have a slow contraction cycle but fatigue slowly

    • Have a fast contraction cycle, but fatigue slowly

    • Have a slow contraction cycle but fatigue quickly

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Have a fast contracation cycle, but fatigue quickly
    Explanation
    Fast glycolytic muscle fibers are characterized by their ability to contract quickly, but they also fatigue quickly. This means that they can generate a high amount of force in a short amount of time, making them well-suited for activities that require quick bursts of power, such as sprinting or weightlifting. However, due to their reliance on anaerobic metabolism, these muscle fibers tend to accumulate lactic acid and deplete their energy stores rapidly, leading to fatigue. Therefore, the correct answer is "have a fast contraction cycle, but fatigue quickly."

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  • 40. 

    Cell junctions that promote the controlled exchange of materials between neighboring cells are called ___________

    • Desmosomes

    • Gap junctions

    • Transmembrane proteins

    • Tight junctions

    • Secretory vesicles

    Correct Answer
    A. Gap junctions
    Explanation
    Gap junctions are cell junctions that allow for the controlled exchange of materials between neighboring cells. These junctions are formed by proteins called connexins, which create channels between the cells, allowing small molecules and ions to pass through. Gap junctions are important for coordinating cellular activities and communication between cells in tissues such as the heart and nervous system. They play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and facilitating cell signaling.

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  • 41. 

    A_______ fracture is incomplete and common in the more flexible bones of children

    • Compound

    • Depression

    • Green stick

    • Supramembranous

    • Catastrophic

    Correct Answer
    A. Green stick
    Explanation
    A green stick fracture is an incomplete fracture that commonly occurs in the more flexible bones of children. This type of fracture is characterized by a partial break in the bone, where one side is bent or partially broken while the other side remains intact. It is called a "green stick" fracture because it resembles the way a green stick breaks when it is bent. Because children's bones are more flexible and have a higher proportion of collagen, they are more likely to experience this type of fracture.

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  • 42. 

    Which of the following systems is dependent on the cardiovascular system for its function?

    • Digestive system

    • Nervous system

    • Skeletal system

    • Integumentary system

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    All of the above systems are dependent on the cardiovascular system for their function. The cardiovascular system, which includes the heart and blood vessels, is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. The digestive system relies on the cardiovascular system to deliver nutrients and remove waste products. The nervous system requires a constant supply of oxygen and glucose, which are delivered by the cardiovascular system. The skeletal system relies on the cardiovascular system to deliver calcium and other nutrients for bone growth and repair. The integumentary system, which includes the skin, relies on the cardiovascular system to regulate body temperature and deliver nutrients to skin cells.

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  • 43. 

    Which of the following is not a functional charactersistic of life?

    • Movement

    • Responsiveness to external stimuli

    • Maintenance of external boundry

    • Decay

    • Reproduction

    Correct Answer
    A. Decay
    Explanation
    Decay is not a functional characteristic of life because it refers to the breakdown or decomposition of organic matter, which is a process that occurs after an organism has died. While movement, responsiveness to external stimuli, maintenance of external boundary, and reproduction are all essential functional characteristics of living organisms, decay is not directly related to the processes that sustain life.

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  • 44. 

    Glycogen is important as a

    • Energy storage molecule in the liver

    • Plasma membrane marker for cell recognition (cell marker)

    • Monosaccharide important for cell growth

    • Structural element in the cytoskeleton

    • Backbone for building fat (triglyceride) molecules

    Correct Answer
    A. Energy storage molecule in the liver
    Explanation
    Glycogen is an important energy storage molecule in the liver because it allows for the storage and release of glucose as needed. The liver plays a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose levels, and glycogen serves as a reserve that can be broken down into glucose when the body requires energy. This ensures a steady supply of glucose is available for various metabolic processes, including brain function and muscle activity. Glycogen also helps regulate blood sugar levels during periods of fasting or intense exercise.

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  • 45. 

    All preganglionic neurons of the ANS release acetylcholine

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement is true because all preganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) release acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter released by these neurons, which transmit signals from the central nervous system to the ganglia. This neurotransmitter then acts on postganglionic neurons, leading to the transmission of signals to the target organs or tissues. Therefore, it can be concluded that all preganglionic neurons of the ANS release acetylcholine.

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  • 46. 

    Plane joints allow uniaxial movement

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Plane joints allow uniaxial movement, meaning they only allow movement along one axis. This type of joint restricts movement to a single plane, such as flexion and extension or abduction and adduction. Unlike other types of joints, such as ball and socket joints or hinge joints, plane joints do not allow rotation or movement in multiple directions. Therefore, the statement that plane joints allow uniaxial movement is true.

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  • 47. 

    A red blood cell placed in pure water would

    • Swell

    • Shrink initially, and then return to normal as equilibrium is reached

    • Neither shrink nor swell

    • Shrink only

    Correct Answer
    A. Swell
    Explanation
    When a red blood cell is placed in pure water, it will initially shrink due to osmosis. This is because the concentration of solutes is higher inside the cell compared to the pure water outside, causing water to move out of the cell. However, as water continues to move into the cell, it will eventually reach equilibrium where the concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell. At this point, the cell will start to swell and return to its normal size. Therefore, the correct answer is "swell".

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  • 48. 

    A joint cavity is found in

    • Synovial joints

    • Gomphoses

    • Syndesmoses

    • Both a and c

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Synovial joints
    Explanation
    A joint cavity is a space that is found within synovial joints. Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a joint cavity, which is filled with synovial fluid. Gomphoses and syndesmoses do not have a joint cavity, so the correct answer is synovial joints.

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  • 49. 

    ____________ muscle tissue is striated, branched and has intercalated disks

    • Skeletal

    • Voluntary

    • Involuntary

    • Cardiac

    • Smooth

    Correct Answer
    A. Cardiac
    Explanation
    Cardiac muscle tissue is striated, branched, and has intercalated disks. Unlike skeletal muscle, which is also striated but is voluntary, cardiac muscle is involuntary, meaning it contracts without conscious control. The presence of intercalated disks allows for synchronized contractions of cardiac muscle cells, ensuring efficient pumping of blood. This unique structure and function make cardiac muscle tissue well-suited for its role in the heart, where it contracts rhythmically to circulate blood throughout the body.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Jun 14, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Jun 14, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Dec 11, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Rocio1
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