Afmg Dec Surgery Breast & Thyroid Test
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45-year a pretty woman presents with a hard & mobile lump in right breast 1st investigation to be done is
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USG breast
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FNAC
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Mammography
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Core biopsy
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This quiz titled 'AFMG DEC SURGERY BREAST & THYROID TEST' assesses knowledge on breast and thyroid cancer surgeries. It covers topics like ductal carcinoma in situ, fine needle aspiration cytology, mammography features, and surgical treatments, focusing on premenopausal breast cancer management and male breast cancer surgery.
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- 2.
Regarding Gynaecomastia false is
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Surgical treatment needed in all cases
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Liver cirrhosis maybe associated
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Spironolactone may be associated
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Both glandular + stromal tissue proliferation
Correct Answer
A. Surgical treatment needed in all casesExplanation
The correct answer is "Surgical treatment needed in all cases." This means that surgical intervention is not always necessary for gynaecomastia. Gynaecomastia can be caused by various factors, such as hormonal imbalances, medication side effects, or obesity. In some cases, the underlying cause can be addressed without the need for surgery. Non-surgical treatments, such as hormone therapy or lifestyle changes, may be effective in reducing the breast tissue in gynaecomastia. Therefore, surgical treatment is not always needed in all cases of gynaecomastia.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Sings and symptoms of hyperthyroidism include all of the following except
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Sleeping tachycardia
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Exopthalmos
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Pretibialmyxedema
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Decreased sweating
Correct Answer
A. Decreased sweatingExplanation
Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. This leads to an overactive metabolism and a range of symptoms. Common symptoms of hyperthyroidism include increased heart rate (tachycardia), bulging eyes (exopthalmos), and thickening of the skin on the lower legs (pretibial myxedema). However, decreased sweating is not a typical symptom of hyperthyroidism. Sweating is often increased in individuals with hyperthyroidism due to the increased metabolic activity. Therefore, the correct answer is "Decreased sweating."Rate this question:
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- 4.
Surgery in thyroiditis is necessary because
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To prevent concerous dengeneration
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For relief of pain in the ear
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To overcome pressure on the trachea
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Cure toxic reaction
Correct Answer
A. To overcome pressure on the tracheaExplanation
Surgery in thyroiditis is necessary to overcome pressure on the trachea. Thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid gland, which can cause the gland to enlarge and put pressure on the trachea, leading to difficulty breathing and other respiratory problems. Surgery is performed to remove the enlarged thyroid gland and alleviate the pressure on the trachea, allowing for normal breathing and preventing further complications.Rate this question:
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- 5.
36 years old shweta with diffuse enlargement of thyroid with increase TSH, decrease T4 T3, FNAC suggestive of chronic lympocytic thyroiditis. What will you do?
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Thyroxine
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Total thyroidectomy
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Radio iodine
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Antithyroid drugs
Correct Answer
A. ThyroxineExplanation
Thyroxine is the correct answer because it is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland and is responsible for regulating the body's metabolism. In the case of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, the thyroid gland is enlarged and not producing enough thyroxine, leading to an increase in TSH and a decrease in T4 and T3 levels. Therefore, supplementing with thyroxine (thyroid hormone replacement therapy) would help normalize the hormone levels and alleviate symptoms. Total thyroidectomy, radio iodine, and antithyroid drugs are not appropriate treatments for this condition.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Hyoid bone is removed to prevent the recurrence of
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Thyroid nodule
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Throglossal cyst
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Ectopic thyroid
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Papillary carcinoma
Correct Answer
A. Throglossal cystExplanation
The hyoid bone is removed to prevent the recurrence of a throglossal cyst. Throglossal cysts are congenital cysts that develop from remnants of the thyroglossal duct, which is a structure that forms during embryonic development. The hyoid bone is located in the neck and is closely associated with the thyroglossal duct. By removing the hyoid bone, surgeons ensure that all remnants of the thyroglossal duct are excised, reducing the risk of recurrence of the cyst.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Superior thyroid artery is a branch of
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Internal cartotid artery
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External carotid Artery
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Subclavian Artery
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Thyrocervical trunk
Correct Answer
A. External carotid ArteryExplanation
The superior thyroid artery is a branch of the external carotid artery. The external carotid artery is one of the major arteries that supplies blood to the head and neck region. It arises from the common carotid artery and gives off various branches, including the superior thyroid artery. This artery provides blood supply to the thyroid gland, as well as other structures in the neck such as the larynx and the muscles of the pharynx.Rate this question:
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- 8.
All are true about acute mastitis expect
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Common during lactation
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Very pain full condition
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Staph. Aureus is commonest causative organism
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53. All are true about acute mastitis expect a. Common during lactation b. Very pain full condition c. Staph. Aureus is commonest causative organism d. Fluctuation is always present Fluctuation is always present
Correct Answer
A. 53. All are true about acute mastitis expect a. Common during lactation b. Very pain full condition c. Staph. Aureus is commonest causative organism d. Fluctuation is always present Fluctuation is always presentExplanation
Acute mastitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the breast tissue, often caused by an infection. It is common during lactation, as breastfeeding can lead to cracked or sore nipples, which can provide an entry point for bacteria. It is a very painful condition, as the breast becomes swollen, red, and tender. Staphylococcus aureus is indeed the most common causative organism. However, fluctuation, which refers to the presence of a fluid-filled pocket within the breast, is not always present in acute mastitis.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A 45 year female should diffuse micro calcifications. On biopsy is reported as intraductal carcinoma. The most appropriate management would be
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Simple mastectomy
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Quandretomy
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Ca r-ray
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Radiotherapy
Correct Answer
A. Simple mastectomyExplanation
The most appropriate management for a 45-year-old female with intraductal carcinoma, as indicated by the diffuse micro calcifications and biopsy, would be a simple mastectomy. This surgical procedure involves the complete removal of the breast tissue, including the nipple and areola, in order to eliminate the cancerous cells. This approach is often recommended for cases where the cancer is confined to the ducts and has not spread to the surrounding tissue. It offers a high likelihood of complete removal of the cancer and reduces the risk of recurrence.Rate this question:
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- 10.
All are risk factors for ca breast expect
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Mutiparity
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Smoking
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Obesity
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Family history of breast cancer
Correct Answer
A. MutiparityExplanation
Multiparity refers to the condition of a woman having given birth to multiple children. In the context of breast cancer, multiparity is considered a protective factor rather than a risk factor. Multiple pregnancies and childbirths have been associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer due to the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Therefore, the correct answer is multiparity, as it is not a risk factor for breast cancer.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A 18 year old Manju, smart looking girl comes with symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and diagnosed as graves disease. She doesn’t have eye signs. What is the procedure of choice
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Lobectomy
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Partial thyroidectomy
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Subtotal thyroidectomy
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Radio iodine
Correct Answer
A. Subtotal thyroidectomyExplanation
The procedure of choice for a patient with thyrotoxicosis and diagnosed with Graves' disease, but without eye signs, is subtotal thyroidectomy. This surgical procedure involves the removal of a large portion of the thyroid gland, leaving behind a small remnant. Subtotal thyroidectomy is preferred in cases where the patient is young and has a small goiter. It helps to alleviate the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and reduces the risk of recurrence while preserving some thyroid function.Rate this question:
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- 12.
True regarding fibroadenoma is
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If size-5cm called as phylloides tumor
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Surrounded by a well demarcated capsule
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FNAC has no role
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More common in postmenopausal women(>50yrs)
Correct Answer
A. Surrounded by a well demarcated capsuleExplanation
Fibroadenomas are benign breast tumors that are typically surrounded by a well-demarcated capsule. This means that there is a clear boundary between the tumor and the surrounding breast tissue. This characteristic can often be seen on imaging studies such as mammograms or ultrasounds. The presence of a capsule helps to distinguish fibroadenomas from other breast conditions. FNAC (fine needle aspiration cytology) is not typically used to diagnose fibroadenomas, as it may not provide enough information to differentiate them from other breast lesions. Fibroadenomas are more commonly found in younger women, usually in their 20s or 30s, and are less common in postmenopausal women.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Treatment of choice of duct papilloma
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Simple mastectomy
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Radial mastectomy
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Microdochectomy
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Haxfisla’s operation
Correct Answer
A. MicrodochectomyExplanation
Microdochectomy is the treatment of choice for duct papilloma. Duct papilloma is a benign tumor that arises from the lining of the milk ducts in the breast. It can cause nipple discharge and is usually diagnosed through imaging and biopsy. Microdochectomy involves the surgical removal of the affected milk duct, which effectively treats the condition while preserving the rest of the breast tissue. Simple mastectomy and radial mastectomy are more extensive procedures that involve the removal of the entire breast. Haxfisla's operation is not a recognized treatment for duct papilloma.Rate this question:
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- 14.
True about male breast cancer
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Doesn’t follow gynaecomastia
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Lobular variety common
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Estrogen receptor negative
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Surgery treatment of choice
Correct Answer
A. Surgery treatment of choiceExplanation
Male breast cancer is a rare condition, and it does not typically follow gynaecomastia, which is the enlargement of male breast tissue. The lobular variety of breast cancer is more common in men compared to the ductal variety. Male breast cancer is often estrogen receptor negative, meaning it does not respond to estrogen. The most common and effective treatment for male breast cancer is surgery, making it the treatment of choice.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The investigation of choice in patients with thyroid nodule is
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FNAC
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USG
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CT
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Iodine uptake
Correct Answer
A. FNACExplanation
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the investigation of choice in patients with thyroid nodules. FNAC involves inserting a thin needle into the nodule and aspirating cells for examination under a microscope. This procedure is minimally invasive, cost-effective, and has a high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between benign and malignant nodules. It helps in determining the nature of the nodule, guiding further management decisions, and avoiding unnecessary surgeries. Ultrasound (USG) and CT scans may also provide additional information, but FNAC is the preferred initial investigation for thyroid nodules. Iodine uptake is not used for the investigation of thyroid nodules.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Kalloo 45 year’s presents with a swelling in the thyroid gland and a lymph node in the neck. Aspiration of the node shows amyloid material. What is the management of choice for this patient
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Hemithyroidectomy with neck dissection
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Total thyroidectomy with neck dissection
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Total thyroidectomy with neck irradiation
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Hemithyroidectomy
Correct Answer
A. Total thyroidectomy with neck dissectionExplanation
The management of choice for a patient presenting with a swelling in the thyroid gland and a lymph node in the neck, with aspiration of the node showing amyloid material, is total thyroidectomy with neck dissection. This is because the presence of amyloid material suggests the possibility of medullary thyroid carcinoma, which requires complete removal of the thyroid gland (total thyroidectomy) along with removal of the affected lymph nodes (neck dissection) to achieve optimal treatment outcomes. Hemithyroidectomy alone may not be sufficient in this case. Neck irradiation is not the preferred management option in this scenario.Rate this question:
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- 17.
All are true about de Quervans thyroiditis is except
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Steroids are the mainstay of treatment
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Seen after viral infection
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Auto immune thyroiditis
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Painful enlargement of thyroid gland
Correct Answer
A. Auto immune thyroiditisExplanation
de Quervain's thyroiditis is a condition characterized by painful enlargement of the thyroid gland, which is usually preceded by a viral infection. It is an inflammatory disorder of the thyroid gland, but it is not classified as an autoimmune thyroiditis. Steroids are commonly used as the main treatment for de Quervain's thyroiditis to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. Therefore, the correct answer is "Auto immune thyroiditis."Rate this question:
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- 18.
All are true regarding folliacular carcinoma of thyroid gland except
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Pulsating bony secondaries of veins
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Seen in long standing multinodular goiter
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Cann’t be distinguished from follicular adenoma on FNAC
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Psamomma bodies
Correct Answer
A. Psamomma bodiesExplanation
Psammoma bodies are a characteristic finding in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, not follicular carcinoma. Follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland is typically associated with a pulsating bony secondaries of veins, is seen in long-standing multinodular goiter, and cannot be distinguished from follicular adenoma on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).Rate this question:
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- 19.
Berry’s sign in
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Infiltration of trachea by Ca thyroid
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Infilination of carotid sheath leading to unpalpable carotid pulsaltion
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Lid retraction is of eye rids
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Congestion & dilatation in retrosternal goiter
Correct Answer
A. Infilination of carotid sheath leading to unpalpable carotid pulsaltionExplanation
The correct answer is "Infiltration of carotid sheath leading to unpalpable carotid pulsation." Berry's sign refers to the infiltration of the carotid sheath by a thyroid carcinoma, which can lead to compression and obstruction of the carotid artery. This compression can result in a decrease or absence of palpable carotid pulsations.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Greenish nipple discharge is most commonly seen
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Fibrocystic disease
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Ductutasia
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Duct papuloma
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Ductal carecnomia
Correct Answer
A. DuctutasiaExplanation
Ductutasia is the most likely explanation for greenish nipple discharge. Ductutasia refers to the dilation of the mammary ducts, which can cause the discharge. It is a benign condition and is commonly seen in women. Fibrocystic disease is another condition that can cause nipple discharge, but it is not specifically associated with a greenish color. Duct papuloma is a benign growth in the mammary ducts, but it typically presents with bloody discharge rather than greenish discharge. Ductal carcinoma, which is a type of breast cancer, can also cause nipple discharge, but it is less likely to be greenish.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Treatment of cystosarcoma phylloides is
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Wide local excision
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Simple mastectomy
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MRM
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Radical mastectomy
Correct Answer
A. Wide local excisionExplanation
The correct answer is wide local excision. Cystosarcoma phylloides is a rare type of breast tumor that is typically treated with surgery. Wide local excision involves removing the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue around it, while preserving the breast. This approach is often chosen when the tumor is small and the surrounding breast tissue is not extensively involved. Simple mastectomy involves removing the entire breast, while MRM (modified radical mastectomy) and radical mastectomy involve removing the breast along with the underlying muscles and lymph nodes. These more extensive surgeries are typically reserved for larger tumors or cases where the tumor has spread to nearby tissues.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Damage to the superior laryngeal nerve causes
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No effect
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Hoarseness
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Loss of timbre and resonance
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Loss of speech
Correct Answer
A. Loss of timbre and resonanceExplanation
Damage to the superior laryngeal nerve can lead to a loss of timbre and resonance in the voice. The superior laryngeal nerve controls the cricothyroid muscle, which is responsible for adjusting the tension of the vocal cords. When this nerve is damaged, it can result in a change in the quality of the voice, causing it to lose its characteristic tone and resonance. This can make the voice sound dull or flat, affecting the overall sound and quality of speech.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Treatment of hashimoto disease is
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Carbimazole
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Thyroxine
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Radioiodine
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STT
Correct Answer
A. ThyroxineExplanation
Thyroxine is the correct answer for the treatment of Hashimoto's disease. Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to an underactive thyroid. Thyroxine, a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone, is prescribed to replace the hormone that the thyroid gland is unable to produce. This medication helps to regulate the body's metabolism and energy levels. By taking thyroxine, patients with Hashimoto's disease can manage their symptoms and maintain a healthy thyroid function.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A 50 year old male is suffering from severe dysphnoea, after thyroid surgery, first treatment would be
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Tracheostomy
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Wart & watch
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Open the sutures
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Trid thyroidectomy
Correct Answer
A. Open the suturesExplanation
After thyroid surgery, it is possible that the patient is experiencing severe dyspnea due to the sutures being too tight or causing compression on the airway. Therefore, the first treatment would be to open the sutures to relieve the pressure and allow for proper airflow. Tracheostomy may be considered if the dyspnea persists or worsens after opening the sutures, but it is not the initial treatment. "Wart & watch" and "Trid thyroidectomy" are not relevant options in this scenario.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Hurthle cell ca is a varrant of
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Follicular ca
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Medullary ca
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Papullary ca
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Anaplastic ca
Correct Answer
A. Follicular caExplanation
Hurthle cell carcinoma is a variant of follicular carcinoma. Hurthle cells are a type of thyroid cells that are larger and have more mitochondria compared to normal thyroid cells. In Hurthle cell carcinoma, these cells become cancerous and form a tumor in the thyroid gland. Follicular carcinoma is another type of thyroid cancer that arises from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Both Hurthle cell carcinoma and follicular carcinoma have similar characteristics and treatment approaches, which is why Hurthle cell carcinoma is considered a variant of follicular carcinoma.Rate this question:
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- 26.
25-year old lactating mother with 4 days of painful swelling in it breast with cellulitis, localized, fluctuation, treatment of choice would be
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Analgesics & antibiotics
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Hot compression with antibiotics
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Incision & drainage
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Reassurance with breast emptying
Correct Answer
A. Incision & drainageExplanation
In this case, the lactating mother has a painful swelling in her breast with cellulitis, which indicates an infection. The presence of localized fluctuation suggests the formation of an abscess. Incision and drainage is the treatment of choice for abscesses, as it allows for the removal of pus and promotes healing. Analgesics and antibiotics alone may not be sufficient to treat the abscess. Hot compression with antibiotics may help with pain relief and control the infection to some extent, but it may not completely resolve the abscess. Reassurance with breast emptying alone would not be enough to treat the abscess.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The following genes are implicated in ca breast except
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BRACA1
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BRCA2
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X-ras
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P53
Correct Answer
A. X-rasExplanation
The question asks for the gene that is not implicated in breast cancer. BRACA1 and BRCA2 are well-known genes associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a crucial role in preventing cancer development. X-ras, on the other hand, is not typically associated with breast cancer. Therefore, X-ras is the correct answer as it is the only gene listed that is not implicated in breast cancer.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The procedure of choice for breast reconstruction structure is
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TRAM flap
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Sllicon prosthesis
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Tissue expanders
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Sllicaon +saline prosthesis
Correct Answer
A. Sllicon prosthesisExplanation
Silicon prosthesis is the procedure of choice for breast reconstruction. This involves the use of silicone implants to create a natural-looking breast shape and size. It is a popular option as it provides immediate results, requires less surgery time compared to other procedures, and allows for customization based on the patient's preferences. Silicone prosthesis also has a lower risk of complications and provides a long-lasting solution for breast reconstruction.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Best chemo thereuptic regime for ca breast is
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Cisplatin, adriamysin steroidis
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Cisplatin, mexthothexate, steroids
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Cyclophosphamids, drainagcu, 5PU
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Methotrexate, adriamyem, steroid
Correct Answer
A. Cyclophosphamids, drainagcu, 5PU -
- 30.
Most common site effect of taamoxifen is
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Hot flushes
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Weight gain
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Endometred ca
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Thromboembosim
Correct Answer
A. Hot flushesExplanation
The most common side effect of tamoxifen, a medication commonly used to treat breast cancer, is hot flushes. Hot flushes, also known as hot flashes, are a sudden feeling of warmth or heat that is often accompanied by sweating and a reddening of the skin. This side effect is caused by tamoxifen's effect on estrogen levels in the body. While weight gain, endometrial cancer, and thromboembolism are potential side effects of tamoxifen, hot flushes are the most commonly reported.Rate this question:
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- 31.
All structure are preserved in patey’s mastectomy except
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Axillary vein
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Pectoralis minor
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Bells n
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Pectoralis major
Correct Answer
A. Pectoralis minorExplanation
In Patey's mastectomy, which is a surgical procedure for breast cancer, the entire breast is removed along with the pectoralis major muscle, axillary lymph nodes, and the lining over the chest muscles. However, the pectoralis minor muscle is not removed during this procedure. Therefore, all structures mentioned in the options are preserved except for the pectoralis minor muscle.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Treatment for de Quervans thyroiditis is
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Steroids
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Aspirin
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TSH
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ACTH
Correct Answer
A. SteroidsExplanation
The correct answer is steroids. De Quervain's thyroiditis is an inflammatory condition that affects the thyroid gland, causing pain and swelling. Steroids, such as prednisone, are commonly prescribed to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. Steroids work by suppressing the immune system and reducing the production of inflammatory substances. This helps to alleviate pain, swelling, and other symptoms associated with de Quervain's thyroiditis. Aspirin, TSH, and ACTH are not typically used in the treatment of this condition.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The predominant thyroid cancer in children
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PCT
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MCT
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FCT
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Anaplastic
Correct Answer
A. PCTExplanation
The correct answer is PCT. PCT stands for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, which is the most common type of thyroid cancer in children. It is a slow-growing cancer that usually has a good prognosis. MCT (Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma) and FCT (Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma) are other types of thyroid cancer, but they are less common in children. Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare and aggressive form of thyroid cancer that is typically found in older adults.Rate this question:
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- 34.
High levels of calcitonin are seen in
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Follicular ca
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Papillary ca
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Anaplastic ca
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Medullary ca
Correct Answer
A. Medullary caExplanation
Medullary ca is a type of thyroid cancer that originates from the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. These cells produce calcitonin, a hormone that helps regulate calcium levels in the body. Therefore, high levels of calcitonin are seen in medullary ca. This hormone can be used as a tumor marker to aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of this specific type of thyroid cancer. Follicular ca, papillary ca, and anaplastic ca are other types of thyroid cancer that do not typically exhibit elevated levels of calcitonin.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The treatment of choice for early breast cancer where conservative breast surgery is not possible
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Modified radical mastectomy
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Radical mastectomy
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Extended radical mastectomy
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RT
Correct Answer
A. Modified radical mastectomyExplanation
Modified radical mastectomy is the treatment of choice for early breast cancer when conservative breast surgery is not possible. This procedure involves the removal of the entire breast tissue, including the breast lump or tumor, as well as the axillary lymph nodes. Unlike radical mastectomy, which also removes the chest muscles, modified radical mastectomy preserves the chest muscles, resulting in better cosmetic outcomes and improved quality of life for the patient. Extended radical mastectomy is a more extensive procedure that involves the removal of additional tissue, and RT refers to radiation therapy, which is often used as an adjuvant treatment after surgery.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The most common cause of hypothyroidism is
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Hashimoto’s
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Thyroidectomy
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131 I therapy
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Anti thyroid drugs
Correct Answer
A. Hashimoto’sExplanation
Hashimoto's is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. It is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and damage. This results in a decreased production of thyroid hormones, leading to hypothyroidism. Thyroidectomy, 131 I therapy, and anti-thyroid drugs are not the most common causes of hypothyroidism, although they can contribute to it in certain cases.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Treatment of choice in cold nodule is
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I-131
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Hemithyroidectomy
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Subtotal thyroidectomy
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Wait and watch
Correct Answer
A. HemithyroidectomyExplanation
Hemithyroidectomy is the treatment of choice in a cold nodule. A cold nodule refers to a thyroid nodule that does not take up radioactive iodine (I-131) during a scan. This indicates a lower likelihood of being cancerous. Hemithyroidectomy involves the surgical removal of half of the thyroid gland, which is the affected side where the cold nodule is located. This procedure allows for both diagnosis and treatment of the cold nodule, while preserving the function of the remaining healthy thyroid tissue.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Respiratory distress on the fifty day is due to
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Hypopaarathyroidism
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Wound haematoma
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Laryngeal edema
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RLN palsy
Correct Answer
A. HypopaarathyroidismExplanation
Respiratory distress on the fifty day is likely due to hypoparathyroidism. Hypoparathyroidism is a condition characterized by low levels of parathyroid hormone, which can lead to low levels of calcium in the blood. This can cause muscle spasms and contractions, including those in the respiratory muscles, leading to difficulty breathing. Hypoparathyroidism can also cause other symptoms such as numbness and tingling, muscle cramps, and seizures.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Median ectopic thyroid is
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Thyroglossal cyst
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Normal thyroid tissue
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Carcinoma metastasis
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Struma ovary
Correct Answer
A. Normal thyroid tissueExplanation
Median ectopic thyroid refers to the presence of normal thyroid tissue in the midline of the neck, instead of its usual location. This can occur due to abnormal migration of thyroid tissue during embryonic development. Therefore, the correct answer is "Normal thyroid tissue."Rate this question:
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- 40.
Lateral aberrant thyroid referes to
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Congenital thyroid abnormalities
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Metastastis from primary in thyroid
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Lingual thyroid
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Branchial cyst
Correct Answer
A. Metastastis from primary in thyroidExplanation
Lateral aberrant thyroid refers to the presence of metastasis from a primary tumor located in the thyroid gland. This means that cancer cells from the thyroid have spread to other parts of the body, such as nearby lymph nodes or distant organs. It is important to identify and treat these metastases, as they can have significant implications for the management and prognosis of the patient.Rate this question:
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- 41.
All are true in patient with hypothyroidism except
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Delayed relaxation of ankle jerk
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Increased appetite leading to weight gain
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Constipation
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Badycardia
Correct Answer
A. Increased appetite leading to weight gainExplanation
In patients with hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone, which slows down the body's metabolism. This can lead to symptoms such as weight gain, constipation, and bradycardia (slow heart rate). However, increased appetite leading to weight gain is not a typical symptom of hypothyroidism. In fact, patients with hypothyroidism often experience a decreased appetite.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Gynaecomastia is seen in all expect
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Klienfilters syndrome
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Turners syndrome
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Testicular tumours
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Puberty
Correct Answer
A. Turners syndromeExplanation
Gynaecomastia is the enlargement of breast tissue in males. It is commonly seen during puberty due to hormonal changes. However, it is not seen in Klienfilters syndrome, Testicular tumours, or Turner's syndrome. Turner's syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects females and is characterized by the absence or abnormalities of the X chromosome. Therefore, the correct answer is Turner's syndrome.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Most important prognostic factor in Ca breast is
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Tumor size
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Erpr status
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Axillary lympoh node status
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Histological type of tumour
Correct Answer
A. Axillary lympoh node statusExplanation
The most important prognostic factor in breast cancer is the axillary lymph node status. The presence of cancer cells in the lymph nodes indicates that the cancer has spread beyond the breast, increasing the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the axillary lymph node status is crucial in determining the stage of the cancer and guiding treatment decisions. Tumor size, ER/PR status, and histological type of the tumor are also important factors, but the involvement of the lymph nodes has a stronger impact on prognosis.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Most common finding of ca breast in mammography is
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Microcalcification
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Spiculated mass
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Stellate lesion
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Nipple retraction
Correct Answer
A. Spiculated massExplanation
A spiculated mass is a common finding of breast cancer in mammography. It refers to a mass with irregular, spiky projections that extend outward from the main mass. This appearance is often indicative of an aggressive and invasive tumor, as the spiculations represent the tumor infiltrating and distorting the surrounding tissue. The presence of a spiculated mass in mammography is concerning and may require further diagnostic tests, such as a biopsy, to determine if it is cancerous.Rate this question:
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- 45.
True regarding fibroadenoma is
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Also called phylloides tumour
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Has a well demarcated capsule
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FNAC has no sole
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See in post menopausal women (>50yrs)
Correct Answer
A. Has a well demarcated capsuleExplanation
Fibroadenoma is a benign breast tumor that is characterized by a well-demarcated capsule. This means that the tumor is encapsulated and can be easily distinguished from the surrounding breast tissue. Fibroadenomas are not typically associated with a phylloides tumor, which is a different type of breast tumor. Additionally, fibroadenomas can occur in women of any age, including those who are postmenopausal. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) may be performed to confirm the diagnosis of fibroadenoma, but it is not always conclusive.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Structures preserved in Halsted’s mastectomy is
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Axillary lymph nodes
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Axillary vein
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Prectorelis major
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Pectoralis minor
Correct Answer
A. Axillary veinExplanation
The structures preserved in Halsted's mastectomy are the axillary lymph nodes, axillary vein, pectoralis major, and pectoralis minor. The axillary lymph nodes are important for evaluating the spread of cancer and determining the appropriate treatment. The axillary vein is preserved to maintain proper blood flow and prevent complications. The pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles are preserved to maintain function and aesthetics of the chest wall.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Thyroid carcinoma with pulsating secondaries is
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Follicular carcinoma
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Papillary carcinoma
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Medullary carcinoma
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Anaplastic carcinoma
Correct Answer
A. Follicular carcinomaExplanation
Follicular carcinoma is the correct answer because it is a type of thyroid carcinoma that can spread to other parts of the body, including the lymph nodes. It is characterized by the presence of pulsating secondaries, which refers to the pulsation or throbbing sensation felt in the secondary tumors. This pulsation may be due to increased blood flow or vascularity in the tumors. Other types of thyroid carcinoma, such as papillary carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and anaplastic carcinoma, do not typically present with pulsating secondaries.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Thyroiditis which is more common in areas of iodine except
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Hashimotos thyroiditis
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De-Quervain’s thyroiditis
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Ridel’s thyroiditis
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Acue suppurative thyroiditis
Correct Answer
A. Hashimotos thyroiditisExplanation
Thyroiditis is inflammation of the thyroid gland. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, leading to chronic inflammation. It is the most common form of thyroiditis and is characterized by an enlarged thyroid gland, fatigue, weight gain, and other symptoms. De-Quervain's thyroiditis is a viral infection that causes sudden pain and swelling of the thyroid gland. Ridel's thyroiditis is a rare form of thyroiditis where the thyroid gland becomes replaced by fibrous tissue. Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a bacterial infection of the thyroid gland. Therefore, the correct answer is Hashimoto's thyroiditis, as it is not associated with areas of iodine deficiency.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Commonest complication after subtotal thyriodectomy is
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RLY aplsy
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Tetany
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Progressive exophtnalmos
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Haematoma
Correct Answer
A. HaematomaExplanation
After a subtotal thyroidectomy, a common complication is the formation of a hematoma. A hematoma occurs when there is bleeding into the surgical site, leading to the accumulation of blood. This can cause swelling, pain, and pressure on surrounding structures. Prompt management is required to prevent further complications such as infection or compromised blood flow.Rate this question:
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May 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Aug 19, 2014Quiz Created by
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