Cancer And Oncology | NCLEX Quiz 146 - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. A male client is diagnosed as having a bowel tumor and several diagnostic tests are prescribed. The nurse understands that which test will confirm the diagnosis of malignancy?

Biopsy of the tumor

Abdominal ultrasound

Magnetic resonance imaging

Computerized tomography scan

A biopsy is done to determine whether a tumor is malignant or benign. Magnetic resonance imaging. computed tomography scan. and ultrasound will visualize the presence of a mass but will not confirm a diagnosis of malignancy.

Explanation

A biopsy is done to determine whether a tumor is malignant or benign. Magnetic resonance imaging. computed tomography scan. and ultrasound will visualize the presence of a mass but will not confirm a diagnosis of malignancy.

2. A female client with cancer is receiving chemotherapy and develops thrombocytopenia. The nurse identifies which intervention as the highest priority in the nursing plan of care?

Monitoring temperature

Ambulation three times daily

Monitoring the platelet count

Monitoring for pathological fractures

Thrombocytopenia indicates a decrease in the number of platelets in the circulating blood. A major concern is monitoring for and preventing bleeding. Option A elates to monitoring for infection. particularly if leukopenia is present. Options B and D. although important in the plan of care. are not related directly to thrombocytopenia.

Explanation

Thrombocytopenia indicates a decrease in the number of platelets in the circulating blood. A major concern is monitoring for and preventing bleeding. Option A elates to monitoring for infection. particularly if leukopenia is present. Options B and D. although important in the plan of care. are not related directly to thrombocytopenia.

3. The nurse is instructing the 35 year old client to perform a testicular self-examination. The nurse tells the client:

To examine the testicles while lying down

That the best time for the examination is after a shower

To gently feel the testicle with one finger to feel for a growth

That testicular self-examination should be done at least every 6 months

The testicular-self examination is recommended monthly after a warm bath or shower when the scrotal skin is relaxed. The client should stand to examine the testicles. Using both hands. with fingers under the scrotum and thumbs on top. the client should gently roll the testicles. feeling for any lumps.

Explanation

The testicular-self examination is recommended monthly after a warm bath or shower when the scrotal skin is relaxed. The client should stand to examine the testicles. Using both hands. with fingers under the scrotum and thumbs on top. the client should gently roll the testicles. feeling for any lumps.

4. Gio. a community health nurse. is instructing a group of female clients about breast self-examination. The nurse instructs the client to perform the examination:

At the onset of menstruation

Every month during ovulation

Weekly at the same time of day

1 week after menstruation begins

The breast self-examination should be performed monthly 7 days after the onset of the menstrual period. Performing the examination weekly is not recommended. At the onset of menstruation and during ovulation. hormonal changes occur that may alter breast tissue.

Explanation

The breast self-examination should be performed monthly 7 days after the onset of the menstrual period. Performing the examination weekly is not recommended. At the onset of menstruation and during ovulation. hormonal changes occur that may alter breast tissue.

5. Mina. who is suspected of an ovarian tumor is scheduled for a pelvic ultrasound. The nurse provides which preprocedure instruction to the client?

Eat a light breakfast only

Maintain an NPO status before the procedure

Wear comfortable clothing and shoes for the procedure

Drink six to eight glasses of water without voiding before the test

A pelvic ultrasound requires the ingestion of large volumes of water just before the procedure. A full bladder is necessary so that it will be visualized as such and not mistaken for a possible pelvic growth. An abdominal ultrasound may require that the client abstain from food or fluid for several hours before the procedure. Option C is unrelated to this specific procedure.

Explanation

A pelvic ultrasound requires the ingestion of large volumes of water just before the procedure. A full bladder is necessary so that it will be visualized as such and not mistaken for a possible pelvic growth. An abdominal ultrasound may require that the client abstain from food or fluid for several hours before the procedure. Option C is unrelated to this specific procedure.

6. A female client diagnosed with multiple myeloma and the client asks the nurse about the diagnosis. The nurse bases the response on which description of this disorder?

Altered red blood cell production

Altered production of lymph nodes

Malignant exacerbation in the number of leukocytes

Malignant proliferation of plasma cells within the bone

Multiple myeloma is a B-cell neoplastic condition characterized by abnormal malignant proliferation of plasma cells and the accumulation of mature plasma cells in the bone marrow. Options A and B are not characteristics of multiple myeloma. Option C describes the leukemic process.

Explanation

Multiple myeloma is a B-cell neoplastic condition characterized by abnormal malignant proliferation of plasma cells and the accumulation of mature plasma cells in the bone marrow. Options A and B are not characteristics of multiple myeloma. Option C describes the leukemic process.

7. Nurse Cindy is caring for a client who has undergone a vaginal hysterectomy. The nurse avoids which of the following in the care of this client?

Elevating the knee gatch on the bed

Assisting with range-of-motion leg exercises

Removal of antiembolism stockings twice daily

Checking placement of pneumatic compression boots

The client is at risk of deep vein thrombosis or thrombophlebitis after this surgery. as for any other major surgery. For this reason. the nurse implements measures that will prevent this complication. Range-of-motion exercises. antiembolism stockings. and pneumatic compression boots are helpful. The nurse should avoid using the knee gatch in the bed. which inhibits venous return. thus placing the client more at risk for deep vein thrombosis or thrombophlebitis.

Explanation

The client is at risk of deep vein thrombosis or thrombophlebitis after this surgery. as for any other major surgery. For this reason. the nurse implements measures that will prevent this complication. Range-of-motion exercises. antiembolism stockings. and pneumatic compression boots are helpful. The nurse should avoid using the knee gatch in the bed. which inhibits venous return. thus placing the client more at risk for deep vein thrombosis or thrombophlebitis.

8. A male client is receiving the cell cycle–nonspecific alkylating agent thiotepa (Thioplex). 60 mg weekly for 4 weeks by bladder instillation as part of a chemotherapeutic regimen to treat bladder cancer. The client asks the nurse how the drug works. How does thiotepa exert its therapeutic effects?

It interferes with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication only.

It interferes with ribonucleic acid (RNA) transcription only.

It interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription.

It destroys the cell membrane. causing lysis.

Thiotepa interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription. It doesn’t destroy the cell membrane.

Explanation

Thiotepa interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription. It doesn’t destroy the cell membrane.

9. Vanessa. a community health nurse conducts a health promotion program regarding testicular cancer to community members. The nurse determines that further information needs to be provided if a community member states that which of the following is a sign of testicular cancer?

Alopecia

Back pain

Painless testicular swelling

Heavy sensation in the scrotum

Alopecia is not an assessment finding in testicular cancer. Alopecia may occur. however. as a result of radiation or chemotherapy. Options B. C. and D are assessment findings in testicular cancer. Back pain may indicate metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.

Explanation

Alopecia is not an assessment finding in testicular cancer. Alopecia may occur. however. as a result of radiation or chemotherapy. Options B. C. and D are assessment findings in testicular cancer. Back pain may indicate metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes.

10. Nurse Bea is reviewing the laboratory results of a client diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note specifically in this disorder?

Increased calcium

Increased white blood cells

Decreased blood urea nitrogen level

Decreased number of plasma cells in the bone marrow

Findings indicative of multiple myeloma are an increased number of plasma cells in the bone marrow. anemia. hypercalcemia caused by the release of calcium from the deteriorating bone tissue. and an elevated blood urea nitrogen level. An increased white blood cell count may or may not be present and is not related specifically to multiple myeloma.

Explanation

Findings indicative of multiple myeloma are an increased number of plasma cells in the bone marrow. anemia. hypercalcemia caused by the release of calcium from the deteriorating bone tissue. and an elevated blood urea nitrogen level. An increased white blood cell count may or may not be present and is not related specifically to multiple myeloma.