Cancer And Oncology | NCLEX Quiz 149 - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. In staging and grading neoplasm TNM system is used. TNM stands for:

Time. neoplasm. mode of growth

Tumor. node. metastasis

Tumor. neoplasm. mode of growth

Time. node. metastasis

TNM stands for tumor. node. and metastasis.

Explanation

TNM stands for tumor. node. and metastasis.

2. Radiation protection is very important to implement when performing nursing procedures. When the nurse is not performing any nursing procedures what distance should be maintained from the client?

1 feet

2 feet

2.5 feet

3 feet

The distance of at least 3 feet / 0.9 or 1 meter should be maintained when a nurse is not performing any nursing procedures.

Explanation

The distance of at least 3 feet / 0.9 or 1 meter should be maintained when a nurse is not performing any nursing procedures.

3. Neoplasm can be classified as either benign or malignant. The following are characteristics of malignant tumor apart from:

Metastasis

Infiltrates surrounding tissues

Encapsulated

Poorly differentiated cells

Benign: grows slowly. localized. encapsulated. well differentiated cells. no metastasis. not harmful to host. Malignant: Grows rapidly. infiltrates surrounding tissues. not encapsulated. poorly differentiated. metastasis present. always harmful

Explanation

Benign: grows slowly. localized. encapsulated. well differentiated cells. no metastasis. not harmful to host. Malignant: Grows rapidly. infiltrates surrounding tissues. not encapsulated. poorly differentiated. metastasis present. always harmful

4. On a clinic visit a client who has a relative with cancer. is asking about the warning signs that may relate to cancer. The nurse correctly identifies the warning signs of cancer by responding:

“If a sore healing took a month or more to heal. cancer should be suspected.”

“Presence of dry cough is one of the warning signs of cancer.”

“A lump located only in the breast area may suggest the presence of cancer.”

“Sudden weight loss of unexplained etiology can be a warning sign of cancer.”

Unexplained sudden weight loss is a warning signal of cancer. Letter A is wrong because the sore in cancer does not heal. Nagging cough not dry cough and hoarseness of voice is a sign of cancer. Presence of lump is not limited to the breast only; it can grow elsewhere that is why letter C is wrong.

Explanation

Unexplained sudden weight loss is a warning signal of cancer. Letter A is wrong because the sore in cancer does not heal. Nagging cough not dry cough and hoarseness of voice is a sign of cancer. Presence of lump is not limited to the breast only; it can grow elsewhere that is why letter C is wrong.

5. Nurse Janet is assigned in the oncology section of the hospital. Which of the following orders should the nurse question if a client is on radiation therapy?

Analgesics before meals

Saline rinses every 2 hours

Aspirin every 4 hours

Bland diet

Radiation therapy makes the platelet count decrease. Thus. nursing responsibilities should be directed at promoting safety by avoiding episodes of hemorrhage or bleeding such as physical trauma and aspirin administration. Analgesics are given before meals to alleviate the pain caused by stomatitis. Bland diet and saline rinses every 2 hours should also be done to manage stomatitis.

Explanation

Radiation therapy makes the platelet count decrease. Thus. nursing responsibilities should be directed at promoting safety by avoiding episodes of hemorrhage or bleeding such as physical trauma and aspirin administration. Analgesics are given before meals to alleviate the pain caused by stomatitis. Bland diet and saline rinses every 2 hours should also be done to manage stomatitis.

6. Breast self examination (BSE) is one of the ways to detect breast cancer earlier. The nurse is conducting a health teaching to female clients in a clinic. During evaluation the clients are asked to state what they learned. Which of the following statement made by a client needs further teaching about BSE?

“BSE is done after menstruation.”

“BSE palpation is done by starting at the center going to the periphery in a circular motion.”

“BSE can be done in either supine or standing position.”

“BSE should start from age 20.”

This client needs further teaching as palpation in BSE should start at the periphery going to the center in a circular motion.

Explanation

This client needs further teaching as palpation in BSE should start at the periphery going to the center in a circular motion.

7. A client had undergone radiation therapy (external). The expected side effects include the following apart from:

Hair loss

Ulceration of oral mucous membranes

Constipation

Headache

Diarrhea not constipation is the side effect of radiation therapy.

Explanation

Diarrhea not constipation is the side effect of radiation therapy.

8. Skin reactions are common in radiation therapy. Nursing responsibilities on promoting skin integrity should be promoted apart from:

Avoiding the use of ointments. powders and lotion to the area

Using soft cotton fabrics for clothing

Washing the area with a mild soap and water and patting it dry not rubbing it.

Avoiding direct sunshine or cold.

No soap should be used on the skin of the client undergoing radiation. Soap and irritants and may cause dryness of the patient’s skin. Only water should be used in washing the area.

Explanation

No soap should be used on the skin of the client undergoing radiation. Soap and irritants and may cause dryness of the patient’s skin. Only water should be used in washing the area.

9. The following are teaching guidelines regarding radiation therapy except:

The therapy is painless

To promote safety. the client is assisted by therapy personnel while the machine is in operation.

The client may communicate all his concerns or needs or discomforts while the machine is operating.

Safety precautions are necessary only during the time of actual irradiation.

To promote safety to the personnel. the client will remain alone in the treatment room while the machine is in operation. The client may voice out any concern throughout the treatment because a technologist is just outside the room observing through a window or closed circuit TV. There is no residual radioactivity after radiation therapy. Safety precautions are necessary only during the time of actual irradiation. The client may resume normal activities of daily living afterwards.

Explanation

To promote safety to the personnel. the client will remain alone in the treatment room while the machine is in operation. The client may voice out any concern throughout the treatment because a technologist is just outside the room observing through a window or closed circuit TV. There is no residual radioactivity after radiation therapy. Safety precautions are necessary only during the time of actual irradiation. The client may resume normal activities of daily living afterwards.

10. A male client is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect to note specifically in the client?

Fatigue

Weakness

Weight gain

Enlarged lymph nodes

Metochlopramide (Metozol) – antiemetic. Succimer (Chemet) – chelating agent for lead poisoning. Anastrazole (Arimidex) – hormone regulator. Busulfan (Myleran) – alkylating agent

Explanation

Metochlopramide (Metozol) – antiemetic. Succimer (Chemet) – chelating agent for lead poisoning. Anastrazole (Arimidex) – hormone regulator. Busulfan (Myleran) – alkylating agent