Cancer and Oncology | NCLEX Quiz 150 - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. Contact of client on radiation therapy should be limited only to how many minutes to promote safety of the therapy personnel?

1 minute

3 minutes

5 minutes

10 minutes

Principles of Radiation protection follows the DTS system. Distance (D). Time (T) and Shielding (S). Distance – at least 3 feet should be maintained when a nurse is not performing any nursing procedures. Time – limit contact to 5 minutes each time. Shielding – use lead shield during contact with client.

Explanation

Principles of Radiation protection follows the DTS system. Distance (D). Time (T) and Shielding (S). Distance – at least 3 feet should be maintained when a nurse is not performing any nursing procedures. Time – limit contact to 5 minutes each time. Shielding – use lead shield during contact with client.

2. A client taking a chemotherapeutic agent understands the effects of therapy by stating:

“I will avoid eating hot and spicy foods.”

“I should stay in my room all the time.”

“I should limit my fluid intake to about 500 ml per day.”

“I should notify the physician immediately if a urine color change is observed.”

The client should prevent hot and spicy food because of the stomatitis side effect. The client should avoid people with infection but should not isolate himself in his room all the time. Fluid intake should be increased. Urine color change is normal.

Explanation

The client should prevent hot and spicy food because of the stomatitis side effect. The client should avoid people with infection but should not isolate himself in his room all the time. Fluid intake should be increased. Urine color change is normal.

3. The classic symptoms that define breast cancer includes the following except:

“pink peel” skin

Solitary. irregularly shaped mass

Firm. nontender. nonmobile mass

Abnormal discharge from the nipple

Classic symptoms that define breast cancer includes: Firm. nontender. nonmobile mass. Solitary. irregularly shaped mass. Adherence to muscle or skin causing dimpling effect. Involvement of the upper outer quadrant or central nipple portion. Asymmetry of the breasts. “Orange peel” skin. Retraction of nipple. Abnormal discharge from nipple.

Explanation

Classic symptoms that define breast cancer includes: Firm. nontender. nonmobile mass. Solitary. irregularly shaped mass. Adherence to muscle or skin causing dimpling effect. Involvement of the upper outer quadrant or central nipple portion. Asymmetry of the breasts. “Orange peel” skin. Retraction of nipple. Abnormal discharge from nipple.

4. Chemotherapeutic agents have different specific classifications. The following medications are antineoplastic antibiotics except:

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

Fluorouracil (Adrucil)

Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)

Bleomycin (Blenoxane)

Fluorouracil (Adrucil) is an antimetabolite.

Explanation

Fluorouracil (Adrucil) is an antimetabolite.

5. Specific classification of the chemotherapeutic agent. Vincristine (Oncovin) is:

Hormone modulator

Mitotic inhibitor

Antineoplastic antibiotic

Antimetabolite

Vincristine is a mitotic inhibitor

Explanation

Vincristine is a mitotic inhibitor

6. A client is taking Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) for the treatment of lymphoma. The nurse is very cautious in administering the medication because this drug poses the fatal side effect of:

Alopecia

Myeloma

CNS toxicity

Hemorrhagic cystitis

Hemorrhagic cystitis is the potentially fatal side effect of Cytoxan. Myeloma is an indication for giving this medication. Alopecia is a common side effect.

Explanation

Hemorrhagic cystitis is the potentially fatal side effect of Cytoxan. Myeloma is an indication for giving this medication. Alopecia is a common side effect.

7. A client is diagnosed with breast cancer. The tumor size is up to 5 cm with axillary and neck lymph node involvement. The client is in what stage of breast cancer?

Stage I

Stage II

Stage III

Stage IV

Stage I – tumor size up to 2 cm. Stage II – tumor size up to 5 cm with axillary and neck lymph node involvement. Stage III – tumor size is more than 5 cm with axillary and neck lymph node involvement. Stage IV – metastasis to distant organs (liver. lungs. bone and brain).

Explanation

Stage I – tumor size up to 2 cm. Stage II – tumor size up to 5 cm with axillary and neck lymph node involvement. Stage III – tumor size is more than 5 cm with axillary and neck lymph node involvement. Stage IV – metastasis to distant organs (liver. lungs. bone and brain).

8. Cytarabine (Ara-C) is an antimetabolite that can cause a common cytarabine syndrome which includes the following apart from:

Fever

Myalgia

Chest pain

Diarrhea

Cytarabine syndrome includes fever. myalgia. bone pain. chest pain. rash. conjunctivitis and malaise. No diarrhea is included in this syndrome thus; letter D is the best choice.

Explanation

Cytarabine syndrome includes fever. myalgia. bone pain. chest pain. rash. conjunctivitis and malaise. No diarrhea is included in this syndrome thus; letter D is the best choice.

9. To provide relief from the cytarabine syndrome. which drug is given?

Analgesic

Aspirin

Steroids

Allopurinol

Steroids may be prescribed to promote relief from cytarabine syndrome. Allopurinol is given for hyperurecemia that will result from taking some chemotherapeutic agent.

Explanation

Steroids may be prescribed to promote relief from cytarabine syndrome. Allopurinol is given for hyperurecemia that will result from taking some chemotherapeutic agent.

10. A client is diagnosed with progressive prostate cancer. The nurse expects which drug is given?

Anstrazole (arimidex)

Estramustine (Emcyt)

Pclitaxel (Taxol)

Irinotecan (Camptosar)

Anstrazole (arimidex)- treatment of advanced breast cancer in post menopausal women following tamoxifen therapy. Estramustine (Emcyt) – palliative treatment of metastatic and progressive prostate cancer. Pclitaxel (Taxol) – treatment of ovarian cancer. breast cancer and AIDS related to Kaposi’s sarcoma. Irinotecan (Camptosar)- treatment of metastatic colon or rectal cancer after treatment with 5-FU.

Explanation

Anstrazole (arimidex)- treatment of advanced breast cancer in post menopausal women following tamoxifen therapy. Estramustine (Emcyt) – palliative treatment of metastatic and progressive prostate cancer. Pclitaxel (Taxol) – treatment of ovarian cancer. breast cancer and AIDS related to Kaposi’s sarcoma. Irinotecan (Camptosar)- treatment of metastatic colon or rectal cancer after treatment with 5-FU.

Cancer And Oncology | NCLEX Quiz 150