World History Quiz: Industrialization
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What did the Dreyfus case in late nineteenth-century France illustrate?
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The cause for which suffragists had fought for nearly two centuries
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The strength of anti-Semitism in France and other parts of Western Europe
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The unfair taxation of serfs and others who did not have representation
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The brutality of the French Revolution and its lingering affects on soldiers
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This World History Quiz on Industrialization assesses understanding of key historical shifts and socio-economic impacts during the Industrial Revolution. It explores themes like anti-Semitism, economic policies, and demographic changes, enhancing learners' grasp of industrialization's global effects.
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- 2.
How did the Industrial Revolution shift the world balance of power?
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It leveled the playing field for all nations and regions of the world, whether developed or not.
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B. It gave a new found advantage to those countries that had traditionally been less-developed by bringing industry to them.
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It promoted competition between industrialized nations and increased poverty in less-developed countries.
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It all but eliminated trade for a time, leaving nations who still depended on foreign goods in dire need.
Correct Answer
A. It promoted competition between industrialized nations and increased poverty in less-developed countries.Explanation
The Industrial Revolution promoted competition between industrialized nations by creating a race for technological advancements and economic growth. This competition led to a shift in the world balance of power as countries that were able to industrialize gained an advantage over those that were less-developed. Additionally, the increased focus on industrialization and capitalism often resulted in exploitation of less-developed countries, leading to increased poverty in those regions. This further contributed to the shift in power dynamics as industrialized nations became more dominant.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Laissez-faire economics stemmed from French economic philosophers of the Enlightenment. The term laissez faire refers to the economic policy of
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Demanding all industry and business be government-owned and operated.
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Allowing for strong government involvement in the setting of working conditions for industry and business.
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Letting owners of industry and business set working conditions without government interference.
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Requiring that owners of industry and business not set any working conditions.
Correct Answer
A. Letting owners of industry and business set working conditions without government interference.Explanation
Laissez-faire economics originated from French economic philosophers during the Enlightenment period. It advocates for minimal government intervention in the economy, allowing the owners of industry and business to determine working conditions without interference from the government. This approach promotes free market principles and individual economic freedom.Rate this question:
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- 4.
During Europe's Agricultural Revolution, an increase in food production led directly to an increase in
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* commercial enterprise.
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* new technologies.
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* overseas trade.
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* the population.
Correct Answer
A. * the population.Explanation
During Europe's Agricultural Revolution, an increase in food production resulted in a surplus of food, which in turn led to an increase in the population. With more food available, people were able to live healthier and longer lives, leading to a higher birth rate and lower mortality rate. This population growth also created a greater demand for goods and services, which in turn stimulated commercial enterprise and overseas trade. However, the primary and direct consequence of the increased food production was the growth of the population.Rate this question:
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- 5.
During the Industrial Revolution, England experienced the greatest population migration from
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* inland areas to coastal areas.
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* small cities to large cities.
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* market centers to manufacturing centers.
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* agricultural settings to urban settings.
Correct Answer
A. * agricultural settings to urban settings.Explanation
During the Industrial Revolution, England saw a significant shift in population from rural agricultural settings to urban areas. This was primarily due to the rise of manufacturing centers and the opportunities they offered for employment and economic growth. As industries developed and urban areas expanded, people from farming communities migrated to cities in search of better job prospects and improved living conditions. This mass migration from agricultural settings to urban settings was a defining characteristic of the Industrial Revolution in England.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The illustration of a slum in 19th-century London shows I poor people dressed in rags and bare feet. II the harsh conditions of factory work. III how quickly disease was able to spread. IV the crowded conditions in which people lived.
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* I and II only
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* II and III only
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* I and IV only
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* II and IV only
Correct Answer
A. * II and IV onlyExplanation
The correct answer is II and IV only. The illustration of a slum in 19th-century London depicts the harsh conditions of factory work (II) and the crowded living conditions of the people (IV). It does not show poor people dressed in rags and bare feet (I) or how quickly disease was able to spread (III).Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which was a central criticism of capitalism during the Industrial Revolution?
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* dependence on foreign markets
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* exploitation of natural resources
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* the high cost of new machinery
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* unfair distribution of wealth
Correct Answer
A. * unfair distribution of wealthExplanation
During the Industrial Revolution, a central criticism of capitalism was the unfair distribution of wealth. This refers to the unequal distribution of economic resources and opportunities, where a small elite class accumulated vast amounts of wealth while the majority of the population struggled in poverty. This criticism stemmed from the widening wealth gap and the perception that capitalism favored the wealthy at the expense of the working class, leading to social and economic inequality.Rate this question:
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- 8.
According to Marx and Engels, who should primarily control the factors of industrial production?
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Bourgeoisie
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Proletariat
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Government
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Churches
Correct Answer
A. ProletariatExplanation
According to Marx and Engels, the proletariat should primarily control the factors of industrial production. This is because they believed that the proletariat, or the working class, were the ones who actually produced the goods and services in society. They argued that the bourgeoisie, or the capitalist class, exploited the labor of the proletariat for their own profit. Therefore, Marx and Engels advocated for the proletariat to seize control of the means of production in order to establish a classless society where the workers would have control over their own labor and the fruits of their labor.Rate this question:
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- 9.
"The door of Scrooge's counting-house was open that he might keep his eye upon his clerk, who in a dismal little cell beyond, a sort of tank, was copying letters. Scrooge had a very small fire, but the clerk's fire was so very much smaller that it looked like one coal. But he couldn't replenish it, for Scrooge kept the coal-box in his own room. . . ." ~~ Charles Dickens, "A Christmas Carol" The quotation from A Christmas Carol is a good example of
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* classicism.
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* romanticism.
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* scientific observation.
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* social criticism.
Correct Answer
A. * social criticism.Explanation
The quotation from "A Christmas Carol" by Charles Dickens is a good example of social criticism. It portrays the stark contrast between the wealthy Scrooge and his impoverished clerk. The fact that Scrooge keeps a small fire and controls the coal supply, while the clerk's fire is even smaller, highlights the unfairness and inequality in society. This critique of the social and economic conditions of the time is a central theme in the novel.Rate this question:
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- 10.
All of the following were results of the agricultural revolution in Britain EXCEPT that
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* food prices decrease*
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* population increase*
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* the number of farmers increase*
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* the average size of farms increase*
Correct Answer
A. * the number of farmers increase*Explanation
The agricultural revolution in Britain resulted in a decrease in food prices, an increase in population, and an increase in the average size of farms. However, it did not lead to an increase in the number of farmers. This is because the agricultural revolution brought about advancements in technology and machinery, which allowed fewer farmers to produce more food. As a result, many small-scale farmers were forced to leave their farms and seek employment in other industries.Rate this question:
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- 11.
An entrepreneur is a type of
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Scientist
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Inventor
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Business person
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Personal secretary
Correct Answer
A. Business personExplanation
An entrepreneur is a business person who takes on financial risks in order to start and manage a new business venture. They are responsible for identifying opportunities, organizing resources, and making strategic decisions to achieve success in their business endeavors. Unlike scientists or inventors who focus on research and innovation, entrepreneurs primarily focus on creating and growing profitable businesses. Similarly, a personal secretary does not fit the description of an entrepreneur as their role is to provide administrative support to an individual or organization.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following did NOT improve as an EARLY result of the Industrial Revolution?
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* factory working conditions
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* the quality of clothing
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* the average person's diet
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* transportation
Correct Answer
A. * factory working conditionsExplanation
As an early result of the Industrial Revolution, factory working conditions did not improve. The Industrial Revolution brought about the mechanization of production processes, leading to the establishment of factories. However, these early factories were characterized by harsh working conditions, including long hours, low wages, and unsafe working environments. Workers often faced overcrowded and unsanitary conditions, leading to health issues and accidents. It was only later, through labor movements and government regulations, that improvements were made to factory working conditions.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following did NOT improve as a long-term result of the Industrial Revolution?
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* living conditions for the average worker
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* educational opportunities
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* preservation of the environment
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* affordability of consumer goods
Correct Answer
A. * preservation of the environmentExplanation
As a long-term result of the Industrial Revolution, the preservation of the environment did not improve. The Industrial Revolution brought about significant advancements in technology and industrialization, which led to increased pollution, deforestation, and depletion of natural resources. The focus during this period was primarily on economic growth and industrial development, often at the expense of environmental conservation. Therefore, the preservation of the environment was not a priority and did not see improvement during this time.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Utilitarianism held that government policies should promote
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* wars and epidemics to kill off excess people.
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* public ownership of the means of production.
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* the complete independence of each individual.
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* the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
Correct Answer
A. * the greatest good for the greatest number of people.Explanation
Utilitarianism is a moral theory that suggests that the best action is the one that maximizes overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people. It emphasizes the importance of considering the consequences of actions and making decisions that result in the greatest overall benefit. Therefore, the correct answer, "the greatest good for the greatest number of people," aligns with the core principles of utilitarianism.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Nineteenth-century socialists argued that government should
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* leave the economy alone.
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* actively plan the economy.
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* destroy the economy.
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* allow the economy to be controlled by the bourgeoise.
Correct Answer
A. * actively plan the economy.Explanation
Nineteenth-century socialists believed that the government should actively plan the economy. They argued that leaving the economy alone would lead to exploitation and inequality, as it would be controlled by the bourgeoisie, the wealthy capitalist class. By actively planning the economy, socialists believed that the government could ensure fair distribution of resources, eliminate poverty, and create a more egalitarian society. This approach would involve government intervention and regulation in various sectors of the economy, such as nationalizing industries and implementing social welfare programs.Rate this question:
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- 16.
How might small farmers of the agricultural revolution be compared to the working class of the Industrial Revolution?
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* Both endured long working hours.
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* Both suffered job losses due to progress.
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* Both lived in climates of social restructuring.
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* All of these
Correct Answer
A. * All of theseExplanation
Both small farmers of the agricultural revolution and the working class of the Industrial Revolution faced similar challenges. They both had to work long hours, often under harsh conditions. Additionally, both groups experienced job losses as a result of technological progress and advancements. Furthermore, both periods witnessed significant social restructuring, with changes in the economic and social systems. Therefore, all of the given options accurately describe the similarities between the small farmers of the agricultural revolution and the working class of the Industrial Revolution.Rate this question:
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- 17.
How did the War of 1812 help pave the way for the United States to industrialize?
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* The British blockade forced it to develop its own industries.
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* Materials left over from the war influenced new American inventions.
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* British prisoners from the war greatly increased the U.S. workforce.
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* Under the Treaty of Ghent, Britain assisted in U.S. industry.
Correct Answer
A. * The British blockade forced it to develop its own industries.Explanation
During the War of 1812, the British imposed a blockade on the United States, cutting off its access to foreign goods and resources. This forced the United States to develop its own industries to meet its needs. Without access to British imports, the United States had to manufacture goods domestically, leading to the growth of industries such as textiles, iron, and coal mining. The blockade acted as a catalyst for industrialization in the United States by promoting self-sufficiency and encouraging the development of a strong domestic manufacturing base.Rate this question:
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- 18.
How did the impact of worldwide industrialization affect the relationships between industrialized nations and non-industrialized nations?
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* It was the driving force behind imperialism.
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* It weakened economic ties between nations.
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* Industrialized nations exploited their overseas colonies for slaves.
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* all of these
Correct Answer
A. * It was the driving force behind imperialism.Explanation
The impact of worldwide industrialization led to the rise of imperialism. Industrialized nations sought to expand their empires and gain control over non-industrialized nations in order to access their resources and markets. This resulted in the establishment of colonies and the exploitation of these regions for economic gain. Therefore, industrialization was the driving force behind imperialism as it fueled the desire for expansion and dominance.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What were the long-term effects of Marx and Engels's The Communist Manifesto?
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* Working classes worldwide demanded a "dictatorship of the proletariat."
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* Marx and Engels's predictions proved correct as economic forces alone ruled society.
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* In the 1900s, Marxism inspired revolutionaries such as Russia's Lenin.
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* During 1848 and 1849 revolts shook Europe but were suppresse*
Correct Answer
A. * In the 1900s, Marxism inspired revolutionaries such as Russia's Lenin.Explanation
The long-term effects of Marx and Engels's The Communist Manifesto included inspiring revolutionaries like Russia's Lenin in the 1900s. This suggests that the ideas presented in the manifesto had a lasting impact on political movements and ideologies, particularly in the context of Marxist revolution and the establishment of communist regimes.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following statements are true of socialism and communism?
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* Socialism and communism are two words for the same ideology.
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* Socialism and communism are two completely different and unrelated ideologies.
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* Communism is a form of complete socialism in which the people own all production and property.
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* Communism gives control of a country to its people and socialism gives control of industry to the people.
Correct Answer
A. * Communism is a form of complete socialism in which the people own all production and property.Explanation
Communism is a form of complete socialism in which the people own all production and property. This means that under communism, there is no private ownership and all resources and means of production are collectively owned by the people. This is in contrast to socialism, which generally involves the collective ownership and control of industry and resources, but may still allow for some private ownership. Therefore, communism can be seen as an extreme form of socialism where all aspects of society are collectively owned and controlled by the people.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following factors MOST contributed to the shorter life span of those living in cities as opposed to those in the country?
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* long working hours
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* illness caused by unhealthy living conditions
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* inadequate housing
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* excessive garbage
Correct Answer
A. * illness caused by unhealthy living conditionsExplanation
Living in cities often exposes individuals to unhealthy living conditions such as pollution, overcrowding, and lack of access to clean water and sanitation facilities. These conditions increase the risk of developing illnesses and diseases, ultimately leading to a shorter lifespan. While factors like long working hours, inadequate housing, and excessive garbage may also have an impact, the primary factor that contributes the most to the shorter lifespan of city dwellers is the presence of unhealthy living conditions that promote illness.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which of the following was a key idea in the free-market system?
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* protect the nation's industries from foreign competition
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* establish minimum wages and maximum working hours
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* give government complete control of the means of production
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* refuse to interfere in either domestic or international economic matters
Correct Answer
A. * refuse to interfere in either domestic or international economic mattersExplanation
The key idea in the free-market system is to refuse to interfere in either domestic or international economic matters. This means that the government does not intervene or regulate the economy, allowing market forces such as supply and demand to determine prices and allocate resources. This promotes competition, innovation, and efficiency in the economy.Rate this question:
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- 23.
How did landowners and aristocrats view wealthy members of the middle class?
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* regarded highly
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* looked down upon
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* as equals
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* as outcasts
Correct Answer
A. * looked down uponExplanation
Landowners and aristocrats viewed wealthy members of the middle class with disdain and contempt. They considered themselves to be superior and looked down upon those who were not born into their privileged social status. The middle class, despite their wealth, were seen as inferior and unworthy of respect in the eyes of the landowners and aristocrats.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What was the benefit of being a stockholder in a corporation?
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* complete ownership of branch corporations
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* free goods produced by the corporation
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* not personally responsible for its debts
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* All of these
Correct Answer
A. * not personally responsible for its debtsExplanation
Being a stockholder in a corporation provides the benefit of not being personally responsible for the corporation's debts. This means that if the corporation incurs any debts or liabilities, the stockholder's personal assets are not at risk. This limited liability protection is one of the main advantages of being a stockholder, as it allows individuals to invest in corporations without risking their personal finances.Rate this question:
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- 25.
What were the three factors of production required to drive the industrial revolution?
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* land, labor, capital
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* government, military, colonies
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* raw materials, natural resources, man-made goods
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* road, railway, and water transport
Correct Answer
A. * land, labor, capitalExplanation
During the industrial revolution, three factors of production were crucial for driving economic growth and industrialization. Land refers to the availability of natural resources and physical space for factories and infrastructure. Labor represents the workforce necessary for production and innovation. Capital refers to the financial resources and investment needed to start and expand businesses. These three factors were interdependent and played a significant role in the transformation of traditional economies into industrialized ones.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The Reform Bill of 1832 lowered the property requirements for voting in order to give voting rights to
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* poor men.
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* rural working class men.
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* urban working class men.
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* wealthy middle class men.
Correct Answer
A. * wealthy middle class men.Explanation
The Reform Bill of 1832 aimed to expand voting rights by lowering the property requirements for voting. This means that individuals who owned property above a certain value were eligible to vote. The answer "wealthy middle class men" is correct because the reform bill primarily benefited individuals who were economically well-off and belonged to the middle class. By lowering the property requirements, the bill allowed a larger portion of the middle class to participate in the political process and have a say in the governance of the country.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The Chartist movement pressed for all of the following EXCEPT
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* universal male suffrage.
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* a secret ballot.
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* universal woman suffrage.
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* pay for members of Parliament.
Correct Answer
A. * universal woman suffrage.Explanation
The Chartist movement was a political reform movement in the 19th century that aimed to expand suffrage and improve working conditions. They advocated for universal male suffrage, a secret ballot, and pay for members of Parliament. However, they did not specifically advocate for universal woman suffrage. While some women were involved in the Chartist movement, their primary focus was on the rights of working-class men. Therefore, the correct answer is universal woman suffrage.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The pogroms that took place in Russia were fueled by
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* Zionism.
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* anti-Semitism.
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* anti-communism.
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* demands for voting rights.
Correct Answer
A. * Zionism.Explanation
The pogroms that took place in Russia were fueled by Zionism. Zionism is a political movement that advocates for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. The rise of Zionism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries led to increased tensions between Jewish and non-Jewish communities in Russia. Anti-Semitic sentiments were fueled by fears of Jewish nationalism and the perceived threat to Russian identity. This, in turn, contributed to the outbreak of violent pogroms targeting Jewish communities in Russia.Rate this question:
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- 29.
How did the democratic reforms in Great Britain change the government?
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* Most adult males gained the right to vote by 1884.
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* British monarchs became symbolic rulers with no political power.
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* Political power shifted greatly to the elected House of Commons.
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* All of these
Correct Answer
A. * All of theseExplanation
The democratic reforms in Great Britain brought about significant changes in the government. By 1884, most adult males were granted the right to vote, ensuring a broader representation of the population in the political process. Additionally, the reforms reduced the political power of British monarchs, rendering them symbolic rulers with no real authority. The reforms also resulted in a substantial shift of political power to the elected House of Commons, giving more influence to the elected representatives of the people. Therefore, all of these changes together characterize the impact of democratic reforms on the British government.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which of the following was true of women's fight for suffrage?
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* The secret ballot came into use.
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* Some women participated in hunger strikes.
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* Women won the right to vote prior to WWI.
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* Women's suffrage began in France.
Correct Answer
A. * Some women participated in hunger strikes.Explanation
Some women participated in hunger strikes during the fight for suffrage. This method of protest was used by suffragettes in various countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States, to draw attention to their cause and put pressure on governments to grant women the right to vote. Hunger strikes were a powerful form of civil disobedience that demonstrated the determination and commitment of women in their fight for suffrage.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which of the following is largely identified with the artistic movement known as romanticism?
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* chamber music
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* the daguerreotype
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* the Gothic novel
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* the scientific method
Correct Answer
A. * the Gothic novelExplanation
The Gothic novel is largely identified with the artistic movement known as romanticism. Romanticism was a literary and artistic movement that emphasized emotion, imagination, and individualism. The Gothic novel, with its focus on dark and mysterious themes, supernatural elements, and intense emotions, aligns with the key characteristics of romanticism. It often explored themes of horror, sublime nature, and the supernatural, which were central to the romantic movement. The Gothic novel, therefore, is closely associated with romanticism.Rate this question:
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- 32.
How were romanticism and nationalism linked?
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* National heroes and cultural pride were themes.
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* Both rejected the ideas of the liberals.
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* They were not linked to each other.
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* They both focused on solving real world problems.
Correct Answer
A. * National heroes and cultural pride were themes.Explanation
Romanticism and nationalism were linked through the themes of national heroes and cultural pride. Romanticism emphasized the importance of emotions, individualism, and imagination, while nationalism promoted a sense of identity and loyalty to one's nation. Both movements celebrated the unique cultural heritage and history of a nation, often highlighting national heroes and folklore as symbols of national pride. This connection between romanticism and nationalism helped shape the cultural and artistic expressions of many nations during the 19th century.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which of the following was NOT a major component of romanticism?
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* the love of nature's untamed beauty
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* the value of common people
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* the promotion of established ideas
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* the glorification of heroes and heroic actions
Correct Answer
A. * the promotion of established ideasExplanation
Romanticism was a movement that emphasized individualism, emotion, and imagination, and it rejected the rigid social and artistic conventions of the time. It celebrated nature's untamed beauty, valued the common people, and glorified heroes and heroic actions. However, it did not promote established ideas. Instead, it encouraged new and innovative ways of thinking and challenged traditional norms and beliefs. Therefore, the promotion of established ideas was not a major component of romanticism.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following was a reaction against realism?
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* a Dickens novel
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* a Renoir painting
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* a Talbot daguerreotype
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* a Balzac story
Correct Answer
A. * a Renoir paintingExplanation
A Renoir painting was a reaction against realism because Renoir was part of the Impressionist movement, which sought to capture the fleeting impressions of light and color rather than depict scenes realistically. Impressionist painters like Renoir focused on the use of brushstrokes and vibrant colors to convey a sense of atmosphere and emotion, rather than creating highly detailed and realistic images. This departure from realism was a significant shift in the art world during that time period.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Queen Victoria was forced to
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* share power with Parliament.
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* preside over a shrinking empire.
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* accept a less powerful role for the monarchy.
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* die without providing an heir to the throne.
Correct Answer
A. * accept a less powerful role for the monarchy.Explanation
Queen Victoria was forced to accept a less powerful role for the monarchy because of the changing political landscape and the increasing power of Parliament. During her reign, the power of the monarchy gradually diminished, and the authority of Parliament grew stronger. This shift in power required the queen to accept a reduced role for the monarchy and to defer to the decisions and influence of Parliament.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which of the following art movements is this from: Romanticism, Realism, or Impressionism? How can you tell? (Explain)
- 37.
How did the industrialization of Europe help to bring about a change from romanticism to realism in art and literature?
- 38.
Why did the Industrial Revolution occur in Great Britain before it occurred elsewhere in Europe?
- 39.
Why might the philosophy of communism have appealed to many 19th-century factory workers?
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