Level 3 Sports Massage Therapy A/P Mock Paper By Tom Gallivan
150 questions to start with randomizes 30 u need 21 out of 30 to pass.
Good luck more to come.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The Myocardium Contraction is activated by a single nerve impulse. What is the name given to the node that acts as the 'pacemaker'?
- A.
Sinoventricular
- B.
Sionatrial
- C.
Atrioventricular
- D.
Semi Lunar
Correct Answer
B. SionatrialExplanation
The correct answer is Sionatrial. The node that acts as the 'pacemaker' in the heart is called the sinoatrial (SA) node. It is located in the right atrium and is responsible for initiating the electrical signals that regulate the heartbeat. These signals cause the myocardium to contract and pump blood throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The four chambers of the heart are segergated by---------------- and seperated by---------------?
- A.
Septum and Values
- B.
Serum and Valves
- C.
Bicuspid and Tricuspid
- D.
Pulmonary and Aortic
Correct Answer
A. Septum and ValuesExplanation
The four chambers of the heart are segregated by the septum, which is a muscular wall that separates the left and right sides of the heart. The chambers are also separated by valves, which are responsible for regulating the flow of blood between the chambers. The valves ensure that blood flows in one direction and prevent backflow, allowing for efficient circulation throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which statement about Arteries is NOT true?
- A.
Muscular tubes lined by smooth muscle tissue
- B.
Coronary artery supplies de-oxygenated blood to the myocardium (coronary circulation)
- C.
Transport blood away from the heart
- D.
Smaller branches are called arterioles
Correct Answer
B. Coronary artery supplies de-oxygenated blood to the myocardium (coronary circulation)Explanation
The statement "Coronary artery supplies de-oxygenated blood to the myocardium (coronary circulation)" is not true. The coronary artery actually supplies oxygenated blood to the myocardium, which is the muscular tissue of the heart. It provides the heart muscle with the necessary oxygen and nutrients for it to function properly.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which statement about Veins is NOT true?
- A.
Muscular tubes lined by skeletal muscle tissue
- B.
Generally less muscular than arteries
- C.
Transport blood towards the heart (assisted by non-return values)
- D.
Smaller branches are called venules
Correct Answer
A. Muscular tubes lined by skeletal muscle tissueExplanation
Veins are not muscular tubes lined by skeletal muscle tissue. They are thin-walled blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. While veins do contain smooth muscle in their walls, they lack the thick layer of skeletal muscle found in arteries.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which statement about capillaries is NOT true?
- A.
Smallest of all the blood vessels (one cell thick)
- B.
Allow for gaseous exchange (diffusion)
- C.
Serve as the connection between the somatic and autonomic systems
- D.
Allows nutrients, oxygen and fluids to pass into tissue, and carbon dioxide waste minerals and fluids to pass out
Correct Answer
C. Serve as the connection between the somatic and autonomic systemsExplanation
Capillaries are the smallest of all blood vessels and are one cell thick, allowing for gaseous exchange through diffusion. They also allow nutrients, oxygen, and fluids to pass into tissues, while carbon dioxide waste minerals and fluids pass out. However, capillaries do not serve as the connection between the somatic and autonomic systems. The somatic and autonomic systems are connected through other structures such as nerves and ganglia.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which of the following is TRUE of the cardiovascular system?
- A.
Carbon dioxide and nutrients are transported to the cells
- B.
Carbon dioxide and waste products are required by the body
- C.
Circulation of blood cools the body
- D.
Circulation of blood which contains white blood cells to fight infection
Correct Answer
D. Circulation of blood which contains white blood cells to fight infectionExplanation
The cardiovascular system is responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the body. One of the functions of the cardiovascular system is to transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to the cells, while also removing waste products, including carbon dioxide. However, the statement that is true of the cardiovascular system is that it circulates blood which contains white blood cells to fight infection. White blood cells are a crucial component of the immune system and are responsible for defending the body against pathogens and foreign substances.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which statement about pulmonary circulation is TRUE?
- A.
Deoxygenated blood is transported from the heart to the lungs
- B.
Oxygenated blood is transported from the heart to the lungs
- C.
Deoxygenated blood is transported from the lungs to the heart
- D.
Pumps blood from the heart to the lungs under high pressure
Correct Answer
A. Deoxygenated blood is transported from the heart to the lungsExplanation
Deoxygenated blood is transported from the heart to the lungs because pulmonary circulation is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. This oxygenation process occurs in the lungs, and the oxygenated blood is then returned to the left side of the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which statement about systemic circulation is TRUE?
- A.
Oxgenated blood from the body tissues to the heart
- B.
Deoxygenated blood from the body tissues to the heart
- C.
Pumps blood under low pressure
- D.
Predominantly the right side of the heart
Correct Answer
B. Deoxygenated blood from the body tissues to the heartExplanation
The statement that is true about systemic circulation is "Deoxygenated blood from the body tissues to the heart." Systemic circulation is the part of the circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body tissues and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. This is in contrast to pulmonary circulation, which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs to be oxygenated.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which two types of pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels makes up blood pressure
- A.
Systemic and Pulmonary
- B.
Systolic and Autonomic
- C.
Somatic and Diastolic
- D.
Systolic and Diastolic
Correct Answer
D. Systolic and DiastolicExplanation
Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels. Systolic pressure is the higher number in a blood pressure reading and represents the force when the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries. Diastolic pressure is the lower number and represents the force when the heart is at rest between beats. Therefore, both systolic and diastolic pressures together make up blood pressure.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Systolic or Systole is under maximum pressure when the heart---------------?
- A.
Contracts
- B.
Relaxes
- C.
Refills
- D.
Rests
Correct Answer
A. ContractsExplanation
During systolic or systole, the heart is in its contracting phase. This is when the heart muscle contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers and into the arteries. The contraction of the heart creates pressure, which is at its maximum during systole. Therefore, the correct answer is "Contracts."Rate this question:
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- 11.
Diastolic or Diastole is weakest when the heart---------------?
- A.
Contracts
- B.
Rests
- C.
Relaxes and refills
- D.
Tachycardia
Correct Answer
C. Relaxes and refillsExplanation
During diastole, the heart relaxes and refills with blood. This is the phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart chambers are not contracting but rather preparing for the next contraction. The relaxation allows the chambers to fill with oxygenated blood returning from the lungs (in the left side of the heart) or deoxygenated blood returning from the body (in the right side of the heart). This refilling of blood is essential for the heart to pump efficiently and maintain adequate blood flow throughout the body.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which statement about blood pressure is TRUE?
- A.
Regular exercise, along with a positive active lifestyle, may increase blood pressure
- B.
Chronic stress may lead to a decrease in blood pressure
- C.
Abdominal obesity carries the greatest risk according to studies of developing (hypertension)
- D.
Smoking causes vasodilation and may lead to a reduction in the elasticity of the arteries. Both factors will result in a increase in systolic blood pressure
Correct Answer
C. Abdominal obesity carries the greatest risk according to studies of developing (hypertension)Explanation
Abdominal obesity carries the greatest risk according to studies of developing hypertension. This means that individuals with excess fat around their abdomen are more likely to develop high blood pressure. Studies have shown that abdominal obesity is strongly associated with an increased risk of hypertension, as it can lead to insulin resistance, inflammation, and hormonal imbalances that contribute to elevated blood pressure levels. Therefore, it is important to address and manage abdominal obesity to reduce the risk of developing hypertension.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Describe the passage of air through the respiratory tract?
- A.
Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Pharynx, Larynx, Alveoli
- B.
Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchioles, Bronchi, Alveoli
- C.
Larynx, Pharynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Alveoli, Bronchiles
- D.
Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli
Correct Answer
D. Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, AlveoliExplanation
The correct answer is Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli. Air enters the respiratory tract through the pharynx, then passes through the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Finally, it reaches the alveoli, which are small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. This sequence of structures represents the correct passage of air through the respiratory tract.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following muscles is NOT used in inhalation (breathing in)?
- A.
Internal intercostals
- B.
Diaphragm
- C.
Scalenes
- D.
Sternocleidomastoid
Correct Answer
A. Internal intercostalsExplanation
The internal intercostals are not used in inhalation. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs. The scalenes and sternocleidomastoid muscles are accessory muscles that assist in inhalation by elevating the ribs and lifting the sternum, respectively. However, the internal intercostals are used during exhalation, as they help to depress the ribs and decrease the size of the thoracic cavity, forcing air out of the lungs.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following muscles is NOT used in exhalation (Breathing out)?
- A.
Internal intercostals
- B.
External/Internal obliques
- C.
Rectus Abdomius
- D.
Sternocleidomastoid
Correct Answer
D. SternocleidomastoidExplanation
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is not used in exhalation. This muscle is located in the neck and is responsible for tilting and rotating the head. During exhalation, the primary muscles involved are the internal intercostals, which help to depress the ribcage, and the external/internal obliques and rectus abdominis, which aid in compressing the abdomen and pushing air out of the lungs. Therefore, the sternocleidomastoid muscle is not utilized in the process of breathing out.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is a lymphatic vessel in the lymphatic system?
- A.
Left lymphatic duct
- B.
Right lymphatic duct
- C.
Cervical duct
- D.
Lumbar Duct
Correct Answer
B. Right lymphatic ductExplanation
The right lymphatic duct is a lymphatic vessel in the lymphatic system. It is responsible for draining lymph from the right upper limb, right side of the head and neck, and the right side of the thorax. It then empties into the right subclavian vein, returning the lymph to the bloodstream.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which of the following is NOT a lymphatic node?
- A.
Occipital
- B.
Popliteal
- C.
Retinal
- D.
Lnguinal
Correct Answer
C. RetinalExplanation
The retinal is not a lymphatic node because it is a part of the eye responsible for receiving and processing visual information. Lymphatic nodes are small, bean-shaped structures found throughout the body that play a crucial role in the immune system by filtering lymph fluid and trapping harmful substances. The occipital, popliteal, and inguinal lymph nodes, on the other hand, are all examples of lymphatic nodes found in specific regions of the body.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?
- A.
Remove excess tissue fluid and return it to the blood stream
- B.
Filter fluids to help prevent infection of the blood and tissues
- C.
Aid digestion via the absorption of lipids from the small intestine
- D.
Gaseous exchange of oyxgen and carbon dioxide, which occurs in the lungs, between the alveoli and capillaries
Correct Answer
D. Gaseous exchange of oyxgen and carbon dioxide, which occurs in the lungs, between the alveoli and capillariesExplanation
The lymphatic system is responsible for removing excess tissue fluid and returning it to the blood stream, as well as filtering fluids to prevent infection. It also aids digestion by absorbing lipids from the small intestine. However, gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and capillaries, which is not a function of the lymphatic system.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which statement is NOT True in reference to the structure of a lymph node?
- A.
Bean or oval shaped
- B.
Divided into compartments
- C.
Have more blood vessels entering than leaving
- D.
Speeds up flow of lymphocytes in removing pathogens
Correct Answer
D. Speeds up flow of lymphocytes in removing pathogensExplanation
The given statement "Speeds up flow of lymphocytes in removing pathogens" is not true in reference to the structure of a lymph node. Lymph nodes function as filters, trapping and destroying pathogens, but they do not directly speed up the flow of lymphocytes in removing pathogens. Instead, lymph nodes provide an environment for lymphocytes to interact with pathogens and other immune cells, facilitating the immune response.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which major lymph node is location in the 'crook of the elbow'?
- A.
Occipital
- B.
Popliteal
- C.
Axillary
- D.
Cubital
Correct Answer
D. CubitalExplanation
The major lymph node located in the 'crook of the elbow' is the cubital lymph node. This lymph node is found in the area where the arm bends at the elbow joint. It plays a role in filtering and draining lymphatic fluid from the lower arm, hand, and fingers.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which major lymph node is located in the 'groin'
- A.
Occipital
- B.
Popliteal
- C.
Inguinal
- D.
Axillary
Correct Answer
C. InguinalExplanation
The inguinal lymph node is located in the groin area. It is one of the major lymph nodes in the body and plays a crucial role in filtering lymph fluid and trapping harmful substances, such as bacteria and cancer cells. The inguinal lymph node is responsible for draining lymph fluid from the lower limbs, genitals, and lower abdominal wall. It helps in the body's immune response by producing lymphocytes and antibodies to fight infections and diseases in the lower body region.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which major lymph node is located in the 'back of the neck (nape)'?
- A.
Occipital
- B.
Cubital
- C.
Spleen
- D.
Popliteal
Correct Answer
A. OccipitalExplanation
The occipital lymph node is located in the back of the neck, specifically in the nape area. It is one of the major lymph nodes in the body and plays a role in filtering lymph fluid and trapping foreign substances such as bacteria or viruses. The occipital lymph node can become swollen or tender when there is an infection or inflammation in the head, neck, or scalp region.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which chemical is responsible for food breakdown in the mouth?
- A.
Protein emulsifying enzyme
- B.
Salivary enzymes
- C.
Persitalsis
- D.
Bile
Correct Answer
B. Salivary enzymesExplanation
Salivary enzymes are responsible for food breakdown in the mouth. These enzymes, such as amylase, help to break down carbohydrates into smaller molecules like sugars. They initiate the digestion process by breaking down food particles and making them easier to swallow and further digest in the stomach and intestines. Salivary enzymes play a crucial role in the initial stages of digestion, helping to start the breakdown of food before it reaches the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Describe the passage of food through the digestive system?
- A.
Mouth, Stomach, Oesophagus, Small intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum
- B.
Mouth, Stomach, Oesophagus, Large intestine, Small Intestine, Rectum
- C.
Mouth, Oesophagus,, Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum
- D.
Mouth, Oesophagus,, Stomach, Large intestine, Small Intestine, Rectum
Correct Answer
C. Mouth, Oesophagus,, Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine, RectumExplanation
The correct answer is "Mouth, Oesophagus, Stomach, Small intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum." This is the correct sequence of organs through which food passes in the digestive system. The mouth is where food enters the body and is chewed, the oesophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach, the stomach breaks down food further with digestive juices, the small intestine absorbs nutrients from the broken-down food, the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, and the rectum stores and eliminates waste.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which is the main area of absorption of nutrients into the blood stream using enzymes produced by the liver, gall bladder and pancreas
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Oesophagus
- C.
Small Intestine
- D.
Large Intestine
Correct Answer
C. Small IntestineExplanation
The small intestine is the main area of absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. It is where the majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place. Enzymes produced by the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas help break down food and aid in the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. The small intestine has a large surface area due to its villi and microvilli, which increases its capacity for absorption.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Elimination of final waste products from digestion takes place where?
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Small intestine
- C.
Large Intestine
- D.
Rectum
Correct Answer
D. RectumExplanation
The rectum is the final section of the digestive system where the elimination of waste products occurs. After the small intestine absorbs nutrients from food, the remaining waste material passes into the large intestine. The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the waste, forming feces. The feces are then stored in the rectum until they are eliminated from the body through the process of defecation.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which part of the urinary system to filtrate waste from the blood and produce urine?
- A.
Kidneys
- B.
Ureter
- C.
Bladder
- D.
Urethra
Correct Answer
A. KidneysExplanation
The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste from the blood and producing urine. They play a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance and removing harmful substances from the bloodstream. The kidneys filter out waste products, excess water, and electrolytes, while also reabsorbing essential nutrients and regulating blood pressure. The urine produced by the kidneys is then transported to the bladder through the ureters and eventually eliminated from the body through the urethra.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which part of the structure of the urinary system stores urine until its excreted?
- A.
Kidneys
- B.
Ureter
- C.
Bladder
- D.
Urethra
Correct Answer
C. BladderExplanation
The bladder is the part of the urinary system that stores urine until it is excreted. It is a muscular organ located in the lower abdomen. When the bladder fills with urine, it expands and sends signals to the brain, indicating the need to urinate. The bladder then contracts to expel the urine through the urethra, which is the tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood and produce urine, but they do not store urine. The ureters are tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Which part of the urinary system has tubes through which urine leaves the kidneys and travels to the bladder
- A.
Kidnesy
- B.
Ureter
- C.
Bladder
- D.
Urethra
Correct Answer
B. UreterExplanation
The ureters are the tubes through which urine leaves the kidneys and travels to the bladder. They connect the kidneys to the bladder and play a crucial role in the urinary system by transporting urine from the kidneys, where it is produced, to the bladder, where it is stored until it is eliminated from the body.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which part of the structure of the urinary system carries urine from the bladder out of the body?
- A.
Kidneys
- B.
Ureter
- C.
Bladder
- D.
Urethra
Correct Answer
D. UrethraExplanation
The urethra is the part of the structure of the urinary system that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. It is a tube-like structure that connects the bladder to the external opening of the body. When the bladder contracts, urine is expelled through the urethra during the process of urination. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood to produce urine, which then travels through the ureters to the bladder. Once in the bladder, the urine is stored until it is ready to be eliminated through the urethra.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which statement is NOT true about sports massage?
- A.
Mechnical pumping and squeezing action to assist in the flow of fluids
- B.
Longitudinal and transverse stretching of soft tissue aids in mobility
- C.
Reduces the influence of the formation of collagen fibres
- D.
Specific techniques assist in the removal/reduction of any soft tissue adhesions and aid in free movement
Correct Answer
A. Mechnical pumping and squeezing action to assist in the flow of fluidsExplanation
The statement "Mechanical pumping and squeezing action to assist in the flow of fluids" is not true about sports massage. Sports massage does not involve mechanical pumping and squeezing action to assist in the flow of fluids. Instead, it focuses on techniques such as longitudinal and transverse stretching of soft tissue to aid in mobility, reducing the influence of the formation of collagen fibers, and assisting in the removal/reduction of any soft tissue adhesions to aid in free movement.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which is NOT a physiological and neurological effect of sports massage?
- A.
Vasoilation to both blood and lymphatic vessels
- B.
Vasoconstriction to both blood and lymphatic vessels
- C.
Reduction in neural stimulation (contraction) of muscles
- D.
Reduction in the production of sympathetic (stress) hormones
Correct Answer
B. Vasoconstriction to both blood and lymphatic vesselsExplanation
Sports massage typically promotes vasodilation to both blood and lymphatic vessels, which increases blood flow and lymphatic drainage. This helps in delivering oxygen and nutrients to the muscles and removing waste products. Additionally, sports massage reduces neural stimulation of muscles, promoting relaxation and reducing muscle tension. It also helps in reducing the production of stress hormones, such as cortisol, promoting a state of relaxation and reducing stress. Vasoconstriction, on the other hand, would narrow the blood and lymphatic vessels, reducing blood flow and lymphatic drainage, which is not a desired effect of sports massage.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which is a 'Sympathetic' response to the psychological effects of sports massage?
- A.
Decrease adrenaline and endorphins in the body
- B.
Decrease mental alertness
- C.
Increase mental alertness
- D.
Reduction in stimulation for the client in preparation for their activity
Correct Answer
C. Increase mental alertnessExplanation
Increase mental alertness is a sympathetic response to the psychological effects of sports massage because it activates the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response. This response increases alertness, focus, and readiness for physical activity. It can help athletes perform at their best by enhancing their cognitive function and reaction time.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following is a 'Parasympathetic' response to the psychological effects of sports massage?
- A.
Reduced levels of wellbeing
- B.
Increase of physical tension
- C.
Feeling of stress
- D.
Lowering of anxiety
Correct Answer
D. Lowering of anxietyExplanation
The parasympathetic response is responsible for promoting relaxation and reducing stress in the body. Lowering of anxiety is a parasympathetic response because it indicates a decrease in the body's stress levels. This response is likely to occur as a result of the calming and soothing effects of sports massage, which can help to reduce muscle tension and promote a sense of relaxation and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The human body has 6 levels of structural organisation. Which is the smallest?
- A.
Chemical Level
- B.
Cellular Level
- C.
Tissue Level
- D.
Organ Level
Correct Answer
A. Chemical LevelExplanation
The correct answer is the Chemical Level. The human body is organized in a hierarchical manner, starting from the smallest units to the largest. The Chemical Level refers to the level of organization where atoms and molecules interact to form complex chemical compounds. It is the most basic level of organization and serves as the foundation for all other levels. At this level, various chemical reactions occur, allowing for the functioning of cells, tissues, and organs.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which part of the structure of the human cell has the function of converting energy and production of ATP?
- A.
Centrosome
- B.
Golgi Apparatus
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Lysosomes
Correct Answer
C. MitochondriaExplanation
Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are responsible for converting energy from food molecules into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the main source of energy for cellular processes. They have their own DNA and are capable of reproducing independently within the cell. Mitochondria have a unique structure with an outer membrane and an inner membrane, which allows them to carry out cellular respiration and produce ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, mitochondria play a crucial role in energy production within the human cell.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Which human tissue’s function is to secrete bodily products such as sebum, or hormones such as insulin?
- A.
Epithelial Tissue
- B.
Glandular Tissue
- C.
Lymphoid Tissue
- D.
Connective Tissue
Correct Answer
B. Glandular TissueExplanation
Glandular tissue is the correct answer because it is responsible for secreting bodily products such as sebum and hormones like insulin. This tissue is specialized to produce and release substances that are essential for various physiological processes in the body. Glandular tissue can be found in various organs such as the pancreas, which secretes insulin, and the sebaceous glands, which secrete sebum to lubricate the skin and hair.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The structure of the skin comprises of two parts. Which of the following parts are correct?
- A.
Thermis & Epidermis.
- B.
Dermis & Subcutaneous.
- C.
Epidermis & Subcutaneous.
- D.
Dermis & Epidermis.
Correct Answer
D. Dermis & Epidermis.Explanation
The structure of the skin comprises of two main parts: the dermis and the epidermis. The dermis is the inner layer of the skin, located beneath the epidermis. It contains blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, serving as a protective barrier against external factors. It is made up of several layers of cells, including keratinocytes, which produce the protein keratin. Together, the dermis and epidermis work together to maintain the integrity and function of the skin.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
- A.
Protection from infection and injury.
- B.
Sensation by detecting temperature, pressure, touch and pain
- C.
Excretion of sweat, which is 80% water and 20% salts.
- D.
Secretion of sebum to lubricate and protect skin by making it acidic.
Correct Answer
C. Excretion of sweat, which is 80% water and 20% salts.Explanation
The skin has various functions, including protection from infection and injury, sensation by detecting temperature, pressure, touch, and pain, and secretion of sebum to lubricate and protect the skin. However, excretion of sweat, which is 80% water and 20% salts, is not a function of the skin. Sweat is primarily produced by sweat glands and is involved in regulating body temperature.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Can you identify the two major divisions of the skeleton from the answers below?
- A.
Atlas & Axis.
- B.
Axial & Atlas.
- C.
Axis & Appendicular.
- D.
Axial & Appendicular.
Correct Answer
D. Axial & Appendicular.Explanation
The two major divisions of the skeleton are the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, which provide support and protection for the vital organs. The appendicular skeleton consists of the limbs, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle, which are responsible for movement and locomotion.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeleton?
- A.
Storage.
- B.
Production of hormones.
- C.
Production of blood cells and platelets within the bone marrow.
- D.
Shape/Structure.
Correct Answer
B. Production of hormones.Explanation
The skeleton has several functions, including providing shape and structure to the body, storage of minerals like calcium and phosphorus, and production of blood cells and platelets in the bone marrow. However, the production of hormones is not a function of the skeleton. Hormones are produced by various glands in the body, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and adrenal glands. The skeleton primarily serves as a support system for the body and is involved in movement, protection of organs, and mineral storage.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Bones are made up of two different types of bone tissue?
- A.
Compact Bone & Cancellous Bone.
- B.
Cancellous Bone & Long Bone
- C.
Compact Bone & Sesamoid Bone.
- D.
Short Bone & Long Bone.
Correct Answer
A. Compact Bone & Cancellous Bone.Explanation
Bones are made up of two different types of bone tissue: compact bone and cancellous bone. Compact bone is dense and forms the outer layer of bones, providing strength and protection. Cancellous bone, also known as spongy or trabecular bone, is found inside the bones and is less dense. It has a honeycomb-like structure with small, interconnected spaces filled with bone marrow. Cancellous bone helps to reduce the weight of the bone while still providing support and flexibility. Therefore, the correct answer is Compact Bone & Cancellous Bone.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Which of the following is NOT a classification of bone?
- A.
Irregular Bone.
- B.
Flat Bone.
- C.
Sesamoid Bone.
- D.
Cancellous Bone
Correct Answer
D. Cancellous BoneExplanation
Cancellous bone is not a classification of bone because it refers to a type of bone tissue rather than a specific classification. Cancellous bone, also known as spongy or trabecular bone, is found inside the outer layer of compact bone and is characterized by its porous and honeycomb-like structure. It is responsible for providing structural support and strength to bones, but it is not a distinct classification like irregular, flat, or sesamoid bones.Rate this question:
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- 44.
“Having a body which is longer than it is wide” describes which classification of bone?
- A.
Short Bone
- B.
Long Bone
- C.
Flat Bone.
- D.
Irregular Bone.
Correct Answer
B. Long BoneExplanation
Long bones are characterized by their elongated shape, with a length that is greater than their width. They consist of a shaft (diaphysis) and two expanded ends (epiphyses). Long bones are found in the arms, legs, fingers, and toes, and they provide support, mobility, and strength to the body. Examples of long bones include the femur, humerus, and tibia.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Within the structure of a long bone, what is the name given to bone shaft?
- A.
Periosteum
- B.
Epiphysis
- C.
Diaphysis
- D.
Articular Cartilage
Correct Answer
C. DiaphysisExplanation
The correct answer is Diaphysis. The diaphysis is the name given to the bone shaft within the structure of a long bone. It is the long, cylindrical, main portion of the bone that provides support and strength. The diaphysis is composed mainly of compact bone and contains the medullary cavity, which houses bone marrow.Rate this question:
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- 46.
What is the name given to the end of a long bone which forms the joint?
- A.
Epiphyseal Plates
- B.
Diaphysis
- C.
Epiphysis.
- D.
Medullary Cavity
Correct Answer
C. Epiphysis.Explanation
The correct answer is Epiphysis. The epiphysis refers to the end of a long bone that forms the joint. It is covered with articular cartilage and helps to provide stability and support to the joint. The epiphysis also contains red bone marrow, which is responsible for producing blood cells. The other options mentioned in the question, such as epiphyseal plates, diaphysis, and medullary cavity, are not the correct names for the end of a long bone that forms the joint.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What is the term used for the bone building cells?
- A.
Osteoblast.
- B.
Osteoclast.
- C.
Osteocyte.
- D.
Ossification.
Correct Answer
A. Osteoblast.Explanation
Osteoblasts are the bone building cells responsible for the formation and mineralization of bone tissue. They are involved in the production of new bone and play a crucial role in bone growth, remodeling, and repair. Osteoblasts produce and secrete proteins and other substances that form the organic matrix of bone, which is then mineralized with calcium and other minerals to create solid bone tissue.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Where does bone growth take place?
- A.
Osteoclasts.
- B.
Osteocyte
- C.
Periosteum.
- D.
Epiphyseal Plate.
Correct Answer
D. Epiphyseal Plate.Explanation
Bone growth takes place at the epiphyseal plate. The epiphyseal plate is a layer of cartilage located at the ends of long bones in children and adolescents. It is responsible for the lengthening of bones during the growth process. The plate contains specialized cells called chondrocytes that divide and multiply, leading to the production of new cartilage. As the cartilage cells mature, they are replaced by bone cells, resulting in bone growth. Once the growth process is complete, the epiphyseal plate closes and is replaced by solid bone.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which of the following joint categories terms describes a slightly movable joint?
- A.
Fibrous.
- B.
Cartilaginous.
- C.
Synovial.
- D.
Articular Cartilage.
Correct Answer
B. Cartilaginous.Explanation
Cartilaginous joints are a type of joint where bones are connected by cartilage. These joints allow for slight movement and provide stability. Examples of cartilaginous joints include the joints between the vertebrae in the spine and the pubic symphysis in the pelvis. Fibrous joints do not allow for any movement, synovial joints are freely movable, and articular cartilage refers to the smooth, protective covering on the ends of bones in synovial joints. Therefore, the correct answer is cartilaginous as it describes a slightly movable joint.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which of the following is NOT a Synovial joint?
- A.
Gliding.
- B.
Hinge.
- C.
Vertebrae
- D.
Saddle
Correct Answer
C. VertebraeExplanation
Synovial joints are characterized by the presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, a synovial membrane, and a joint capsule. They allow for a wide range of movements, and examples of synovial joints include hinge joints, ball-and-socket joints, and saddle joints.
"Vertebrae" refers to the individual bones that make up the vertebral column or spine. While the spine allows for various types of movement, it is not considered a synovial joint itself. Instead, it consists of a series of individual vertebrae, each with its own characteristics and joint connections, such as intervertebral discs and facet joints.Rate this question:
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Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Oct 13, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Feb 11, 2020Quiz Created by
Thomas Gallivan
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