The Candid Test On CCNA 4 Chapter 3

In a Frame Relay network, a virtual circuit is created between two DTEs. A virtual circuit is a logical connection that allows data to be transmitted between the two devices. It provides a reliable and efficient communication path by dividing the physical network into logical channels. This enables the network to handle multiple connections simultaneously and efficiently allocate bandwidth to each connection.

The benefit of using Frame Relay instead of a leased line or ISDN service is that customers only have to pay for the local loop and the bandwidth they purchase from the network provider. This means that customers can save money by only paying for the specific resources they need, rather than paying for a more expensive end-to-end connection that includes the local loop and the network link. Additionally, connecting new sites is more cost-effective with Frame Relay compared to ISDN dialup or leased service, as it requires lower cost circuit installations.

Point-to-point subinterfaces act like leased lines and eliminate split-horizon routing issues. This means that when using point-to-point subinterfaces, there is no need to worry about split-horizon routing, which is a technique used to prevent routing loops in certain network topologies. Additionally, point-to-point subinterfaces provide a dedicated connection between two endpoints, similar to leased lines, ensuring a more reliable and efficient communication compared to multipoint interfaces.

Based on the exhibit, the ping is being sent from the Peanut router. To determine the DLCI that will be used, we need to look at the mapping between the IP address and DLCI in the exhibit. Since the IP address 192.168.50.10 is mapped to DLCI 110, the ping will be sent using DLCI 110.

A DLCI (Data-Link Connection Identifier) is a locally significant address used to identify a virtual circuit. It is used in Frame Relay networks to establish connections between devices. The DLCI serves as a label for the virtual circuit, allowing the devices to communicate with each other. This address is only relevant within the local network and does not have any significance outside of it.

The point-to-point configuration on subinterface S0/0.110 eliminates split horizon issues without increasing the likelihood of routing loops. Split horizon is a technique used in routing protocols to prevent a route learned on one interface from being advertised back out the same interface. In a point-to-point configuration, there is only one possible path between two devices, so there is no need for split horizon. This configuration ensures that routing updates are properly propagated without causing loops in the network.

From the output, it can be inferred that the LMI type for the Serial 0/0/0 interface on router R1 has not been changed from its default configuration. This suggests that the LMI updates are not being received properly, as indicated in the first statement. The other options mentioned in the exhibit do not provide any information about the LMI updates or the configuration of the router.

The output shown indicates that the Frame Relay switch has put a hold on processing frames in excess of the Committed Information Rate (CIR). This suggests that the switch is experiencing congestion, as it is unable to process frames beyond the specified rate.

The likely cause for R2 not exchanging OSPF information correctly is that the frame-relay map command requires the broadcast keyword. This means that the command entered for the frame-relay map is missing the broadcast keyword, which is necessary for OSPF information to be properly exchanged.

The exhibit does not provide any information about the IP address of the local Frame Relay interface, so the statement "The IP address of the local Frame Relay interface is 172.16.1.4" cannot be determined from the given output. However, the output does show that the local DLCI number is 401 and that Inverse ARP is being used on this connection. Therefore, the statements "The local DLCI number is 401" and "Inverse ARP is being used on this connection" are both true based on the given output.

The frame-relay map commands are using incorrect DLCIs. This means that the DLCI values specified in the frame-relay map commands on R1 and R2 do not match, causing the Frame Relay connection between the two routers to fail. The DLCI (Data Link Connection Identifier) is used to identify the virtual circuit between the routers in a Frame Relay network. If the DLCI values are incorrect, the routers will not be able to establish a successful connection.

From the given output, it can be determined that Serial 0/0/0 has the feature frame-relay inverse-arp enabled. This is indicated by the presence of the command "frame-relay map ip 172.16.4.3 201 broadcast" in the configuration, which is used to enable inverse ARP in a frame-relay network. Inverse ARP is a technique used to dynamically map DLCIs to IP addresses, allowing devices to automatically discover the mapping between DLCIs and IP addresses in a frame-relay network.

The output indicates that the command "encapsulation frame-relay ietf" has been used on the Serial 0/0/0 interface of router R1. This command is used to configure the encapsulation type for the Frame Relay protocol.

The configuration shown indicates that DLCI 22 is being used to forward data to 10.1.1.1. This means that the router will use DLCI 22 to send data packets to the destination IP address 10.1.1.1. Additionally, frames arriving on interface serial 0/0/0 of RT_1 will have a data link layer address of 22. This means that the frames received on this interface will have a source address of DLCI 22.