Path Inflammation Dr Johnson
- 1.After a mini-exam, you and a couple of friends spend a day in the sun on Beach #1 in Dominica. At the end of the day, one of your friends complains of sunburn. His back is very red, swollen, warm and painful to the touch. Which of the following is most likely to have caused the swelling?
- A.
Histamine
- B.
Kinins
- C.
Leukotrienes
- D.
Nitric oxide
- E.
Thromboxane A2
- 2.
Approximately 5 minutes after being bitten by a mosquito a 26-year-old medical student observes the lesion at the right. What causes the erythema?- A.
Hemorrhage
- B.
Increased vascular permeability
- C.
Lymphatic obstruction
- D.
Vascular damage
- E.
Vasodilation
- 3.A pathology report notes that an abscess was seen in the lung of your patient. The patient asks for a copy and explanation of this report. Which of the following best describes how you would describe it?
- A.
A small area of pre-scar tissue containing new capillaries and fibroblasts
- B.
A small area containing pus made up of apoptotic neutrophils with liquefactive necrosis
- C.
An accumulation of mononuclear inflammatory cells and fibroblasts
- D.
An accumulation of macrophages, epithelioid cells and giant cells surrounding a persistent inflammatory stimulus
- 4.
A five-year-old boy pinches his finger with pliers. The lesion seen in this photomicrograph develops What is the exudate?
- A.
Fibrinopurulent
- B.
Fibrinous
- C.
Purulent
- D.
Serous
- E.
Suppurative
- 5.A 65-year-old man presents with crushing chest pain. Physical examination and laboratory studies are compatible with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Which of the following is the most likely outcome of his infarction?
- A.
Atrophy
- B.
Inflammation
- C.
Regeneration
- D.
Repair
- E.
Resolution
- 6.A researcher is attempting to determine the sequence of events occurring inflammation. Which of the following events in acute inflammation occurs first?
- A.
Chemotaxis
- B.
Emigration
- C.
Hemostasis
- D.
Margination
- E.
Phagocytosis
- 7.A suppurative exudate contains necrotic debris in addition to neutrophils. Which of the following is most likely responsible for the necrosis.
- A.
Activation of reactive oxygen species
- B.
Extracellular calcium
- C.
IL-1 liberation from macrophages
- D.
Release of bacterial toxins
- E.
Release of hydrolases from neutrophils
- 8.
•A 24-year-old black woman is found to have bilateral hilar adenopathy on a routine chest-ray. Based on this photomicrograph, which of the following is the best diagnosis?
- A.
Brucellosis
- B.
Sarcoidosis
- C.
Staphlococcus
- D.
Streptococcus
- E.
Tuberculosis
- 9.
This specimen is submitted to a pathologist. It is said to be from the subcutis of a 32-year-old woman. Which of the following is the best diagnosis?
- A.
Acute inflammation
- B.
Granulomatous inflammation
- C.
Chronic inflammation
- D.
Chronic-active inflammation
- 10.A patient is being treated for tuberculosis. Caseating pulmonary granulomas were seen on microscopic examination of a lung biopsy. What is the usual outcome of a pulmonary granuloma after treatment?
- A.
Complete resolution
- B.
Metastasis of the lesion
- C.
Replacement by macrophages
- D.
Scarring and calcification
- E.
Progression to chronic inflammation
- 11.After a mini-exam, you and a couple of friends spend the weekend on the beach in St. Martin. At the end of the day, one of your friends complains of sunburn. His back is very red, warm and painful to touch. What is the most likely cause of this erythema?
- A.
Ischemia
- B.
Edema of the dermis
- C.
Vasodilation of blood vessels in dermis
- D.
Infiltration of neutrophils
- E.
Bradykinin
- 12.Approximately 30-60 minutes after being bitten by a "bug", a 26-year-old man noticed a localized swelling and erythema in the affected area. The edema is most likely the result of:
- A.
Altered plasma oncotic pressure
- B.
Increased arterial hydrostatic pressure
- C.
Increased vascular permeability
- D.
Lymphatic obstruction
- E.
Venous obstruction
- 13.A patient is scheduled to have a chronic abscess incised and drained. What would you expect microscopic examination of the contents of the abscess to most likely show?
- A.
Lymphocytes and macrophages
- B.
An area of caseous necrosis
- C.
Any area of coagulative necrosis
- D.
Neutrophils, lymphocytes,& plasma cells
- E.
An acute inflammatory infiltrate of PMNs
- 14.An 8-year-old boy cuts his hand on a piece of glass. Two days later there is an open sore surrounded by swelling. His forearm is tender with red streaks extending towards the axilla. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A.
Inflammatory lymphadenopathy
- B.
Reactive lymphadenopathy
- C.
Lymphangitis
- D.
Abscess
- E.
Lymphadenitis
- 15.Which of the following would you expect to find in the alveoli in a patient with pneumococcal pneumonia of 24 hours duration?
- A.
Serous inflammation
- B.
Fibrinous inflammation
- C.
Fibrino-purulent inflammation
- D.
Suppurative inflammation
- 16.You order an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in a chronically ill patient. The ESR is significantly elevated and is most likely associated with:
- A.
Increased numbers of leukocytes
- B.
Hageman factor activation
- C.
Increased serum acute phase reactants
- D.
The action of complement
- E.
Accumulation of blood-borne pyrogens
- 17.A 72-year-old man develops gram-negative bacterial peritonitis resulting from colonic diverticulitis. The ensuing fever, macrophage activation, and B-cell mitogenicity are mediated by induction of host cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). What bacterial product activates these events?
- A.
Adenosine diphosphate
- B.
Cytochrome oxidase
- C.
Lipopolysaccharide
- D.
Polypeptide
- E.
RNA
- 18.A well-demarcated area of myocardium appears paler than surrounding tissue and microscopically consists of eosinophilic muscle fibers with only a few karyorrhectic and pyknotic nuclei remaining. Many polys are seen, especially at the margin of this area. What is the most likely age of this myocardial infarct?
- A.
2 minutes
- B.
2 hours
- C.
2 days
- D.
2 weeks
- E.
2 months
- 19.A 45-year-old woman has a lung biopsy because of a 1.0 cm lesion seen on a chest x-ray. Histologic examination reveals epithelioid macrophages and lymphocytes around a focus of caseous necrosis. What is the best explanation for this form of necrosis?
- A.
Cell-mediated hypersensitivity
- B.
Complement fixation
- C.
Local histamine release
- D.
PMNs releasing degradative enzymes
- E.
Suppurative inflammation
.JPG "Approximately 5 minutes after being bitten by a mosquito a 26-year-old medical student observes the lesion at the right. What causes the erythema?")
.JPG "A five-year-old boy pinches his finger with pliers. The lesion seen in this photomicrograph develops What is the exudate?")
.JPG "•A 24-year-old black woman is found to have bilateral hilar adenopathy on a routine chest-ray. Based on this photomicrograph, which of the following is the best diagnosis?")
.JPG "This specimen is submitted to a pathologist. It is said to be from the subcutis of a 32-year-old woman. Which of the following is the best diagnosis?")
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