Personal Fitness Trainer - Qp8 - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. Immunoglobulins are responsible for the destruction of invading micro-organisms.

True

False

Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of foreign substances, such as micro-organisms. These antibodies recognize and bind to specific antigens on the surface of the invading micro-organisms, marking them for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizing their harmful effects. Therefore, immunoglobulins play a crucial role in the immune response and are responsible for the destruction of invading micro-organisms.

Explanation

Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of foreign substances, such as micro-organisms. These antibodies recognize and bind to specific antigens on the surface of the invading micro-organisms, marking them for destruction by other immune cells or neutralizing their harmful effects. Therefore, immunoglobulins play a crucial role in the immune response and are responsible for the destruction of invading micro-organisms.

2. Healing will not of course begin almost immediately.

True

False

The statement suggests that healing will not begin immediately. However, the correct answer is False, which means that healing will indeed begin almost immediately.

Explanation

The statement suggests that healing will not begin immediately. However, the correct answer is False, which means that healing will indeed begin almost immediately.

3. The ligaments/tendons can withstand up to ______ excess stretching without any negative effects

3°

4°

5°

The ligaments/tendons can withstand up to 4° excess stretching without any negative effects. This means that they have a certain degree of flexibility and elasticity, allowing them to stretch within a certain range without causing damage or pain. Going beyond this threshold may result in strain or injury to the ligaments/tendons.

Explanation

The ligaments/tendons can withstand up to 4° excess stretching without any negative effects. This means that they have a certain degree of flexibility and elasticity, allowing them to stretch within a certain range without causing damage or pain. Going beyond this threshold may result in strain or injury to the ligaments/tendons.

4. Four main events (in sequence) occur during the Acute IR which includes: (Select three)

Vasodilatation

Decreased vascular permeability

Plasma leakage

Emigration

During the Acute IR (immune response), there are four main events that occur in sequence. First, vasodilatation occurs, which is the widening of blood vessels. This allows for increased blood flow to the affected area. Next, plasma leakage occurs, where fluid from the blood vessels leaks into the surrounding tissues. This leads to swelling and inflammation. Finally, emigration takes place, which is the movement of immune cells, such as white blood cells, from the blood vessels into the affected tissues. This allows the immune cells to target and eliminate any foreign substances or pathogens present.

Explanation

During the Acute IR (immune response), there are four main events that occur in sequence. First, vasodilatation occurs, which is the widening of blood vessels. This allows for increased blood flow to the affected area. Next, plasma leakage occurs, where fluid from the blood vessels leaks into the surrounding tissues. This leads to swelling and inflammation. Finally, emigration takes place, which is the movement of immune cells, such as white blood cells, from the blood vessels into the affected tissues. This allows the immune cells to target and eliminate any foreign substances or pathogens present.

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5. Protein content in the exudate fluid can reach values of _____ g/l.

40

45

50

55

The protein content in the exudate fluid can reach values of 50 g/l.

Explanation

The protein content in the exudate fluid can reach values of 50 g/l.

6. Local effects tend in the main to be beneficial in the repair of injury which includes: (Select three)

Increase of toxins

Antibody entry to site

Transportation of drugs

Immune response

Local effects such as antibody entry to the site, transportation of drugs, and immune response are beneficial in the repair of injury. Antibody entry to the site helps in fighting off infections and promoting healing. Transportation of drugs ensures that necessary medications or healing substances reach the injured area effectively. The immune response plays a crucial role in removing damaged tissues and initiating the healing process. These local effects work together to support the repair and recovery of injured tissues.

Explanation

Local effects such as antibody entry to the site, transportation of drugs, and immune response are beneficial in the repair of injury. Antibody entry to the site helps in fighting off infections and promoting healing. Transportation of drugs ensures that necessary medications or healing substances reach the injured area effectively. The immune response plays a crucial role in removing damaged tissues and initiating the healing process. These local effects work together to support the repair and recovery of injured tissues.

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7. During the acute inflammatory stage, any gaps are immediately filled by: (Select two)

Erythrocytes

Fibroblasts

Inflammatory cells

During the acute inflammatory stage, the body responds by increasing blood flow to the affected area, which leads to the leakage of fluid and cells from the blood vessels. Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are one of the cell types that fill the gaps. They help in the clotting process and provide oxygen to the area. Inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, are also recruited to the site of inflammation to help fight off infection and remove debris. Together, erythrocytes and inflammatory cells play a crucial role in the healing process during the acute inflammatory stage.

Explanation

During the acute inflammatory stage, the body responds by increasing blood flow to the affected area, which leads to the leakage of fluid and cells from the blood vessels. Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are one of the cell types that fill the gaps. They help in the clotting process and provide oxygen to the area. Inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, are also recruited to the site of inflammation to help fight off infection and remove debris. Together, erythrocytes and inflammatory cells play a crucial role in the healing process during the acute inflammatory stage.

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8. Marophages occurs. Emigration of these neutrophils to the site of injury then follows.

True

False

The statement "Marophages occurs" is grammatically incorrect and does not make sense. Therefore, the answer is False.

Explanation

The statement "Marophages occurs" is grammatically incorrect and does not make sense. Therefore, the answer is False.

9. Match the following statements:

released from neutrophils; containing cationic proteins which may increase vascular permeability and may activate complement

having vaso-active properties, responsible for being lymphocyte (chemical) messengers during hypersensitivity

the peptides of amino acids – the chemical mediator of pain (bradykinin) is important in vascular permeability

plasmin is responsible for the dissolution of fibrin to fibrin degradation products – having local effects upon vascular permeability

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10. Match the following statements:

in mild cases of injury and where little tissue destruction has occurred, the body may be able to regenerate the original structure.

occurs when dead cells and debris are removed from the area, leaving the original structures intact.

when the original structures cannot be re-created.

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