Pharm Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1

20 Questions | By Chachelly | Updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Attempts: 5305

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Pharm Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1 - Quiz

As the name would suggest, antineoplastic drugs are used in order to prevent the development of neoplasms, which are also known as tumours. What do you know about these particular drugs and how they work? Take this pharmacological quiz right now and we’ll find out together!

Questions and Answers

1.

A 69-year-old man with a large-cell lymphoreticular lymphoma was started on a chemotherapeutic regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone and bleomycin 1 year ago. Three weeks after his sixth course he developed dyspnea, a nonproductive cough and fever. Chest x-ray showed diffuse bilateral infiltrates and a lung biopsy revealed inflammation and fibrosis with no evidence of lymphoma. Bacterial, fungal and viral cultures were negative. Which of the drugs administered to the patient could have caused this pulmonary disorder?
- A.
  
  Cyclophosphamide
- B.
  
  Doxorubicin
- C.
  
  Vincristine
- D.
  
  Prednisone
- E.
  
  Bleomycin
2.

A 6-year-old child presented with hematuria and complained of pain when urinating. The child, recently diagnosed with neuroblastoma, had begun a chemotherapy program five days previously. Which of the following drugs most likely caused the patient’s symptoms?
- A.
  
  Prednisone
- B.
  
  Vincristine
- C.
  
  Cisplatin
- D.
  
  Cyclophosphamide
- E.
  
  Doxorubicin
3.

Which of the following anticancer drugs exhibit dose-limiting toxicity to bone marrow? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Cyclophosphamide
- B.
  
  Vincristine
- C.
  
  Asparaginase
- D.
  
  Bleomycin
- E.
  
  Doxorubicin
- F.
  
  Cytarabine
- G.
  
  Cisplatin
- H.
  
  Tamoxifen
- I.
  
  Trastuzumab
4.

A 12-year-old girl suffering fro acute lymphoblastic leukemia received an anticancer therapy, which included high dose methotrexate. Leucovorin was also given along with methotrexate. Which of the following concepts specifically underlies this therapeutic strategy?
- A.
  
  Log kill
- B.
  
  Recruitment
- C.
  
  Pulsing
- D.
  
  Combined modality strategy
- E.
  
  Rescue therapy
5.

A 10-year-old girl, recently diagnosed with a lymphoblastic T-cell lymphoma, received her first combination chemotherapeutic regimen which included cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and prednisone. Which of the following adverse effects was the patient most likely to suffer from, during the first day of treatment?
- A.
  
  Neuropathy
- B.
  
  Hemorrhagic cystitis
- C.
  
  Pulmonary fibrosis
- D.
  
  Congestive heart failure
- E.
  
  Nausea and vomiting
6.

A 47-year-old man with a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is being treated with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone) and rituximab. He is in the clinic to receive his four cycle of CHOP. Physical examination reveals tachycardia, shortness of breath, neck vein distension, pulmonary rales and ankle edema. Which of the following drugs has most likely caused this findings?
- A.
  
  Cyclophosphamide
- B.
  
  Doxorubicin
- C.
  
  Prednisone
- D.
  
  Vincristine
- E.
  
  Rituximab
7.

A 12-year-old boy presents with fatigue, malaise and nosebleed. He has a one week history of an upper respiratory tract infection and otitis media. A blood examination reveals a normochromic, normocytic anemia and a differential white blood cell count shows 11% lymphoblasts. A bone marrow biopsy is performed which reveals 95% lymphoblasts. Which of the following pairs of drugs are most likely included in the therapeutic management of this boy?
- A.
  
  Cisplatin and etoposide
- B.
  
  Flutamide and goserelin
- C.
  
  Vincristine and prednisone
- D.
  
  Tamoxifen and anastrozole
- E.
  
  Fluorouracil and cisplatin
8.

A 66-year-old woman with inoperable lung cancer is being treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen. Laboratory exams reveal the following plasma levels: reatinine 7.5 mg/dL (normal: 0.6-1.5), BUN 45 mg/dL (normal 7-30), Mg++ 0.2 mmol/L (normal 0.6-1.0). Which of the following drugs most likely caused these laboratory abnormalities?
- A.
  
  Fluorouracil
- B.
  
  Doxorubicin
- C.
  
  Vincristine
- D.
  
  Cisplatin
- E.
  
  Paclitaxel
9.

Which of the following drugs can be used most effectively against chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Ondansetron
- B.
  
  Meclizine
- C.
  
  Diphenhydramine
- D.
  
  Aprepitant
- E.
  
  Scopolamine
- F.
  
  Dexamethasone
10.

Which of the following statements correctly pair the anticancer drug with the enzyme it is able to inhibit, either directly or through its active metabolite? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Hydroxyurea - dihydrofolate reductase
- B.
  
  Doxorubicin - calcineurin
- C.
  
  Mercaptopurine - phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase
- D.
  
  Cytarabine - xanthine oxidase
- E.
  
  Fluorouracil - thymidylate synthetase
- F.
  
  Topotecan - topoisomerase I
- G.
  
  Pentostatin - adenosine deaminase
11.

Which of the following is a mechanism for multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy?
- A.
  
  Decreased activity of DNA repair pathways
- B.
  
  Decreased sensitivity of dihydrofolate reductase
- C.
  
  Increased synthesis of the cell surface glycoprotein P-170
- D.
  
  Increased receptor affinity to the drug
- E.
  
  Increased activation of prodrugs
12.

Which of the following statements regarding antimetabolite anticancer drugs is correct? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  They are CCS anticancer drugs
- B.
  
  Common adverse effects include cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity
- C.
  
  All have a good oral bioavailability and are mainly given by oral route
- D.
  
  Unlike other anticancer agents resistance to these drugs is very rare
- E.
  
  Their mechanism of action involve the inhibition of enzymes needed for nucleic acid synthesis
13.

Which of the following statements regarding vincristine are correct? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  It is a cell cycle specific agent
- B.
  
  Neurotoxicity is a significant adverse effect
- C.
  
  Hemorrhagic cystitis occurs often in immunocompromised patients
- D.
  
  Its mechanism of action involves alkylation of guanine residues
- E.
  
  It is a component of the combination therapy for leukemias and lymphomas
14.

Which of the following statements regarding etoposide are correct? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  It is a cell cycle specific agent.
- B.
  
  Resistance to the drug is usually negligible
- C.
  
  Toxicity to the hematopoietic and lymphoid system can be pronounced
- D.
  
  It acts by blocking the enzyme thymidylate synthetase
- E.
  
  It is mainly used for treatment of testicular and lung cancers
15.

The diagram below depicts a simplified pathway for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. Which of the steps shown in the pathway are specifically inhibited by methotrexate? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  1
- B.
  
  2
- C.
  
  3
- D.
  
  4
- E.
  
  5
16.

Which of the following statements regarding asparaginase are correct? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  It catalyzes the biosynthesis of asparagine
- B.
  
  It inhibits protein synthesis in lymphoblastic leukemic cells
- C.
  
  It acts on the G1 phase of the cell cycle
- D.
  
  It metabolizes circulating asparagine
- E.
  
  Myelosuppression is the most frequent adverse effect of the drug
17.

Which of the following statements regarding anticancer drugs are correct? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Toxicity of anticancer drugs is often serious enough to require the suspension of the treatment
- B.
  
  At present, anticancer treatment provides a complete cure for most disseminate cancers
- C.
  
  Combined therapy with more than one drug rarely gives better results than with a single drug
- D.
  
  Acquired drug resistance develops in many drug-sensitive cancers
- E.
  
  Most anticancer drugs selectively destroy cancer cells with negligible effects on normal cells
- F.
  
  Anticancer drugs tend to send the cells into the programmed cell death (apoptosis)
18.

Which of the following statements correctly pair the anticancer drugs with their likely mechanism of action? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Cisplatin - inhibits thymidylate synthase
- B.
  
  Methotrexate - inhibits asparaginase enzyme
- C.
  
  Dactinomycin - binds to double-stranded DNA
- D.
  
  Prednisolone - alkylates nucleophilic groups on DNA bases
- E.
  
  Fluorouracil - inhibits dihydrofolate reductase
- F.
  
  Vincristine - inhibits tubulin polymerization
- G.
  
  Etoposide - inhibits topoisomerase II
19.

Which of the following statements correctly pair the class of anticancer agents with the specificity of their action on the cell cycle? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Alkylating agents - cell cycle nonspecific
- B.
  
  Antimetabolites - cell cycle specific
- C.
  
  Plant alkaloids - cell cycle non specific
- D.
  
  Anthracycline antibiotics - cell cycle nonspecific
- E.
  
  Topoisomerase inhibitors - cell cycle non specific
20.

Which of the following toxicities are common to most anticancer drugs? (Check all that apply)
- A.
  
  Bone marrow suppression
- B.
  
  Pulmonary fibrosis
- C.
  
  Paresthesias
- D.
  
  Hemorrhagic cystitis
- E.
  
  Nausea and vomiting
- F.
  
  Alopecia
- G.
  
  Cardiomyopathy
- H.
  
  Renal dysfunction