Biology Exam 2 Pt. 2

56 Questions | By Hisjuliet | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 94

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Jennifer schwartz class at PPCC

Questions and Answers

1.

Which of the following functions as a recognition signal for interactions between cells?
- A.
  
  RNA
- B.
  
  Phospholipids
- C.
  
  Cholesterol
- D.
  
  Fatty acids
- E.
  
  Glycolipids
2.

Which of the following represents the correct pathway for the synthesis and secretion of insulin, a protein secreted by the cells of the pancreas?
- A.
  
  Rough ER; Golgi apparatus; vesicle; plasma membrane
- B.
  
  Golgi Apparatus; rough ER; lysosome
- C.
  
  Lysosome; vesicle; plasma membrane
- D.
  
  Plasma membrane; cloated vesicle; lysosome
- E.
  
  Rough ER; cytoplasm; plasma membrane
3.

Cell growth can involve movement of membrane material from
- A.
  
  The cell membrane to the vesicles
- B.
  
  The Golgi apparatus to the cell membrane
- C.
  
  The smooth ER to the rough ER
- D.
  
  Coated pits to the inside of the cell.
- E.
  
  The nuclear envelope directly to the cell membrane.
4.

The difference between tight junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions is that
- A.
  
  Desmosomes and gap junctions contain keratin, whereas tight junctions have collagen.
- B.
  
  Gap junctions and tight junctions have specialized protein channels called connexons; desmosomes do not.
- C.
  
  Tight juctions and desmosomes have mechanical roles, whereas gap junctions facilitate communication between cells.
- D.
  
  Desmosomes and gap junctions are found in epithelial tissue, whereas tight junctions are found in nerve cells.
- E.
  
  They all have different functions; however, their structure is the same.
5.

Which of the following does not affect the rate of diffusion of a substance?
- A.
  
  Temperature of the solution
- B.
  
  Concentration gradient
- C.
  
  Electrical charge of the diffusing material
- D.
  
  Presence of other substances in the solution
- E.
  
  Molecular diameter of the diffusing material
6.

Osmosis moves water from a region of ____ to a region of ____.
- A.
  
  High concentration of dissolved material; low concentration of dissolved material
- B.
  
  Low concentration of dissolved material; high concentration of dissolved material
- C.
  
  Hypertonic solution; hypotonic solution
- D.
  
  Negative osmotic potential; positive osmotic potential
- E.
  
  Low concentration of water; high concentration of water
7.

Which of the following molecules is the most likely to diffuse across a cell membrane?
- A.
  
  Glucose
- B.
  
  Na*
- C.
  
  A steroid
- D.
  
  A common amino acid
- E.
  
  Cl-
8.

When placed in a hypertonic solution, animal cells
- A.
  
  Shrink.
- B.
  
  Swell.
- C.
  
  Burst.
- D.
  
  Do not change.
- E.
  
  Swell but not burst because of the cell wall.
9.

If a red blood cell is placed in an isotonic solution,
- A.
  
  The cell will shrivel.
- B.
  
  The cell will swell and burst.
- C.
  
  The cell will shrivel and then return to normal.
- D.
  
  The cell will swell and then return to normal.
- E.
  
  Water moves into and out of the cell at an equal rate, but there is no net change.
10.

The speed and direction of ions as they move into and out of the cell are determined by the
- A.
  
  Ability of the ion to let go of its water
- B.
  
  Concentration gradient and elec trochemical imbalances
- C.
  
  Number of channel proteins present.
- D.
  
  Size and charge of the ion.
- E.
  
  Presence of specific stimuli to open gated channel proteins.
11.

One result of the movement of ions through ion channels is the creation of a membrane potential. The membrane potential is
- A.
  
  A charge imbalance across the plasma membrane.
- B.
  
  The difference in ion concentrations on either side of hte plasma membrane.
- C.
  
  The difference in ATP concentration son either side of hte plasma membrane.
- D.
  
  The capacity for active transport.
- E.
  
  The ability of macromolecules to recognize and adhere to one another.
12.

In facilitated diffusion, the diffusion rate of a specific molecule across a membrane does not continue to increase as the concentration difference of the molecule across the membrane increases becasue
- A.
  
  Facilitated diffusion requires the use of ATP.
- B.
  
  As the concentration difference increases, molecules interfere with one another.
- C.
  
  The carrier proteins are saturated.
- D.
  
  The transport protein must be of the channel type
- E.
  
  The diffusion constant depends on the concentration difference.
13.

Active transport usually moves molecules
- A.
  
  In the same direction as diffusion moves them.
- B.
  
  In the opposite direction in which diffusion moves them.
- C.
  
  In a direction that tends to bring about equilibrium.
- D.
  
  Toward higher pH.
- E.
  
  Toward higher osmotic potential.
14.

In the parietal cells of the stomach, the uptake of chloride ions is coupled to the transport of bicarbonate ions out of the cell. This type of transport system is called
- A.
  
  A uniport.
- B.
  
  A symport.
- C.
  
  An exchange channel.
- D.
  
  Diffusion.
- E.
  
  An antiport.
15.

The only process that can bring glucose molecules into cells and does not involve the metabolic energy of ATP is
- A.
  
  Phagocytosis.
- B.
  
  Pinocytosis.
- C.
  
  Active transport.
- D.
  
  Diffusion.
- E.
  
  Osmosis.
16.

For each molecule of ATP consumed during active transport of swodium and potassium,
- A.
  
  Two Na+ ions are imported and three K+ ions are exported.
- B.
  
  Two Na+ ions are imported and one K+ ion is exported
- C.
  
  One K+ ion is imported and three Na+ ions are exported
- D.
  
  Two K+ ions are imported and three Na+ ions are exported
- E.
  
  Three K+ ions are imported and two Na+ ions are exported.
17.

Which of the following processes does not involve the uptake of materials into the cell?
- A.
  
  Exocytosis
- B.
  
  P:inocytosis
- C.
  
  Endocytosis
- D.
  
  Receptor-mediated endocytosis
- E.
  
  Phagocytsis
18.

Active transport differs from passive transport in that active transport
- A.
  
  Requires energy.
- B.
  
  Never requires direct input of ATP.
- C.
  
  Moves molecules with a concentration gradient.
- D.
  
  Both a and c
19.

Facilitated diffusion and active transport both
- A.
  
  Require ATP.
- B.
  
  Require the use of proteins as carriers
- C.
  
  Carry solutes in only one direction
- D.
  
  Increase without limit as the concentration gradient increases.
- E.
  
  Depend on the solubility of the solute in lipids.
20.

The ____ of animal cells resemble the ___ of plant cells.
- A.
  
  Tight junctions; plasma membrane
- B.
  
  Tight junctions; plasmodesmata
- C.
  
  Desmosomes; plasmodesmata
- D.
  
  Gap junctions; plasma membrane
- E.
  
  Gap junctions; plasmosdesmata
21.

Receptor-mediated endocytosis
- A.
  
  Is non-specific.
- B.
  
  Allows small molecules to enter cells.
- C.
  
  Results in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles.
- D.
  
  Directly involves the Golgi apparatus.
- E.
  
  Is anothher name for phagocytosis.
22.

The sum total of all the chemical reactions in a living structure is called its
- A.
  
  Energetics
- B.
  
  Activity.
- C.
  
  Digestive power.
- D.
  
  Entropy
- E.
  
  Metabolism
23.

Anabolic pathways are usually ____, whereas catabolic pathways are usually ____. Anabolic pathways are associated with ____ in entropy.
- A.
  
  Endergonic; exergonic; an increase
- B.
  
  Endergonic; exergonic; a decrease
- C.
  
  Exergonic; endergonic; no charge
- D.
  
  Exergonic; endergonic; an increase
- E.
  
  Endergonic; exergonic; no change
24.

Which of the following represents potential energy?
- A.
  
  Chemical bonds
- B.
  
  Concentration gradient
- C.
  
  Electric charge imbalance
- D.
  
  Both a and b
- E.
  
  All of the above
25.

The first law of thermodynamics states that the total energy in the universe is
- A.
  
  Decreasing
- B.
  
  Increasing
- C.
  
  Constant
- D.
  
  Being converted to free energy
- E.
  
  Being converted to matter

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