Master Cellular Biology: Cells And Tissues Quiz
Welcome to the Cells and Tissues Quiz! This quiz is designed to test your understanding of the fundamental units of life: cells and tissues. Explore questions covering topics such as cell structure and function, cell division, types of tissues, and their functions in the body. With a mix of multiple-choice, matching, and short-answer questions, this quiz provides a diverse and engaging learning experience. Take the opportunity to deepen your understanding of cellular biology and tissue organization while identifying areas for further study. Are you ready to embark on a journey through the building blocks of life? Let's begin the Read moreCells and Tissues Quiz and see how well you understand these fundamental concepts!
Cells and Tissues Questions and Answers
- 1.
The two types of extra cellular tissue fluid are ...
- A.
Erythrocytes
- B.
Interstitial fluid
- C.
Intravascular fluid
- D.
Extravascular fluid
Correct Answer(s)
B. Interstitial fluid
C. Intravascular fluidExplanation
Interstitual fluid (IF - fluid between cells and tissues outside vascular tissue) and Intravascular fluid (IVF - fluid inside blood vessels)Rate this question:
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- 2.
Matrix consists of ...
- A.
Cells
- B.
Connective tissue
- C.
Fibres
- D.
Ground substance
Correct Answer(s)
C. Fibres
D. Ground substanceExplanation
Fibres and Ground substance - matrix is non-cellular and it is part of what makes up connective tissue, together with cells.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Cartilage, which is a type of connective tissue, is highly vascular
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - all types of connective tissue EXCEPT for cartilage are highly vascular. Cartilage is avascular.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The four types of tissue are:
- A.
Bone
- B.
Muscular
- C.
Nervous
- D.
Connective
- E.
Epithelial
- F.
Reticular
Correct Answer(s)
B. Muscular
C. Nervous
D. Connective
E. EpithelialExplanation
The correct answer is a list of the four types of tissue in the human body. Muscular tissue is responsible for movement and contraction, nervous tissue transmits electrical signals and coordinates body functions, connective tissue provides support and connects different structures of the body, and epithelial tissue covers and protects body surfaces. These four types of tissue work together to maintain the structure and function of the body.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Cellular drinking, which is the cells' ability to ingest from liquids, is also called ...
- A.
Phagocytosis
- B.
Pinocytosis
- C.
Osmosis
- D.
Active transport
Correct Answer
B. PinocytosisExplanation
Pinocytosis is the process by which cells take in fluids and dissolved substances by forming small vesicles. It is a form of endocytosis, where the cell membrane invaginates and engulfs the fluid, bringing it into the cell. This process allows cells to take in nutrients and other molecules from their environment. Phagocytosis, on the other hand, is the process of engulfing solid particles, while osmosis is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane, and active transport is the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is the method by which fatty acids pass through semi-permeable membranes?
- A.
Dissolution
- B.
Diffusion
- C.
Osmosis
- D.
Active Transport
Correct Answer
A. DissolutionExplanation
Dissolution - dissolving of substances which are too big to diffuseRate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following components of a cell are wrongly described?
- A.
Cytoplasm - material of which living cells are made
- B.
Protoplasm - body of cell formed from cytoplasm
- C.
Nucleoprotein - controls chemical reactions & reproduction of cell
- D.
Nuclear membrane - enclosing of the nucleus
- E.
Nucleoplasm - same as protoplasm but for nucleus
- F.
Genes - chains in chromosome thread made up of long strands of DNA
Correct Answer(s)
A. Cytoplasm - material of which living cells are made
B. Protoplasm - body of cell formed from cytoplasm
E. Nucleoplasm - same as protoplasm but for nucleusExplanation
Cytoplasm and Protoplasm are inverted. Cytoplasm is body of cell formed from protoplasm. Protoplasm is material of which living cells are made. Nucleoplasm is also incorrect since it is same as cytoplasm but for nucleus.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Nucleotides are ...
- A.
The name given to the separated nucleus parts during mitosis
- B.
The bead-like threads in chromosomes
- C.
Organelle contained within the nucleus
- D.
The 4 molecules forming the DNA
Correct Answer
D. The 4 molecules forming the DNAExplanation
The 4 molecules forming the DNA - they are linked together to form double helix.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of these organelles are involved in cell waste related functions?
- A.
Vacuoles
- B.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- C.
Centrosomes
- D.
Golgi Bodies
Correct Answer(s)
A. Vacuoles
D. Golgi BodiesExplanation
Vacuoles (spaces where waste matter is stored prior to secretion) and Golgi Bodies (structures that secrete waste from cell)Rate this question:
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- 10.
Protein synthesis in the cell is handled by ...
- A.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
- B.
Lysosomes
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Ribosomes
Correct Answer
D. RibosomesExplanation
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. They are small structures found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information stored in the DNA and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. They play a crucial role in translating the genetic code and are essential for the production of proteins, which are vital for the cell's structure and function. Therefore, ribosomes are the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Chromatin fibres are also known as ...
- A.
Chromosomes
- B.
Centrosomes
- C.
Chromatids
- D.
Centrioles
Correct Answer
C. ChromatidsExplanation
Chromatids are the correct answer because chromatids are condensed forms of DNA that are connected at the centromere. During cell division, chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes. Chromatin fibres, on the other hand, are the uncondensed form of DNA that exist in the nucleus of a non-dividing cell. Centrosomes and centrioles are structures involved in cell division and play a role in organizing the spindle fibers during mitosis, but they are not directly related to chromatin fibres.Rate this question:
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- 12.
At which point in mitosis does the Centromere divide?
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Metaphase
- C.
Anaphase
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
C. AnaphaseExplanation
Anaphase - at this stage, centromere divides, identical chromosomes move apart breaking spindle structureRate this question:
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- 13.
Lysosomes are the cell organelles which play a central role in cell division
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Lysosomes are small structures that remove unwanted particles through the use of enzymes. The organelles which play a central role in cell division are called Mitochondria; they extract nutrients/oxygen and create Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) for energyRate this question:
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- 14.
The nervous tissue cells cannot reproduce when damaged
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Nervous tissue cells, also known as neurons, are unable to reproduce when damaged. Unlike other cells in the body, neurons do not undergo cell division to replace damaged or lost cells. This is due to their unique structure and function in transmitting electrical signals. Once a neuron is damaged, it cannot be replaced, leading to permanent loss of function in that area. Therefore, the statement "The nervous tissue cells cannot reproduce when damaged" is true.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The smallest unit of matter is ...
- A.
Tissue
- B.
Element
- C.
Cell
- D.
Atom
Correct Answer
D. AtomExplanation
Atom - Elements are made out of atom structures.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The four major elements in the body are:
- A.
Sodium
- B.
Carbon
- C.
Hydrogen
- D.
Phosphorus
- E.
Oxygen
- F.
Nitrogen
Correct Answer(s)
B. Carbon
C. Hydrogen
E. Oxygen
F. NitrogenExplanation
These four elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, are considered major elements in the body because they make up a significant portion of the body's composition. Carbon is the building block for organic molecules, while hydrogen and oxygen are essential for various biological processes, including energy production and maintaining cellular structure. Nitrogen is a crucial component of proteins and nucleic acids, which are essential for the growth and functioning of cells. Together, these elements play vital roles in the structure, function, and metabolism of the human body.Rate this question:
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- 17.
During mitosis, centrioles divide and go to sides of cells at Prophase
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
During mitosis, centrioles play a crucial role in organizing the spindle fibers that help separate the chromosomes. At the beginning of mitosis, during prophase, the centrioles duplicate and migrate to opposite ends of the cell. This ensures that each daughter cell will have a complete set of centrioles to aid in the formation of the spindle fibers and subsequent chromosome separation. Therefore, the statement "During mitosis, centrioles divide and go to sides of cells at Prophase" is true.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the following cells within connective tissues are wandering cells?
- A.
Mast cells
- B.
Lymphocytes/Plasma cells
- C.
Mesynchymal cells
- D.
Fibroblasts
- E.
Eosinophil Leucocytes
- F.
Macrophages/Monocytes
- G.
Blood
Correct Answer(s)
A. Mast cells
B. Lymphocytes/Plasma cells
E. Eosinophil Leucocytes
F. Macrophages/Monocytes
G. BloodExplanation
Mast cells (contain heparin and release histamine), Lymphocytes/Plasma cells (form plasma cells & destroy foreign matter), Eosinophil Leucocytes (white blood cells produced in bone marrow, destroy foreign protein), Macrophages/Monocytes (destroy foreign matter, found a lot in blood system of liver, spleen, lymph nodes) and Blood.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What are the 3 types of connective tissue?
- A.
Loose
- B.
Compound
- C.
Dense
- D.
Epithelial
- E.
Elastic
- F.
Fascia
Correct Answer(s)
A. Loose
C. Dense
F. FasciaExplanation
The correct answer is Loose, Dense, and Fascia. Connective tissue is categorized into different types based on their structure and function. Loose connective tissue is characterized by loosely arranged fibers and serves as a support for organs and blood vessels. Dense connective tissue has densely packed fibers and provides strength and support to various body parts. Fascia is a type of connective tissue that forms a protective sheath around muscles, bones, and organs. Epithelial and elastic tissues are not types of connective tissue, so they are not included in the answer.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Simple epithelial tissue are usually found as single layers on base membranes. The types of simple epithelial tissues are...
- A.
Keratinised
- B.
Squamous
- C.
Non-keratinised
- D.
Transitional
- E.
Cilated
- F.
Columnar
- G.
Loose
Correct Answer(s)
B. Squamous
D. Transitional
E. Cilated
F. ColumnarExplanation
Squamous (single layer pavement like, ex: living of heart, blood vessels, alveoli), Transitional (cuboidal - water-tight, ex: urinary tract, excretory glands.. saliva, breasts), Cilated (like columnar but with cilia, ex: nasal cavities, fallopian tubes, trachea, bronchi), Columnar (cylindrical cells, ex: stomach, alimentary tract, serve to digest foods, release mucus).Rate this question:
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- 21.
An example of a chemical reaction which gives off energy is that of growth and repair of tissue
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - growth and repair of tissue has chemical reactions which cause ABSORPTION rather than GIVING OFF of energy. An example of giving off energy via chemical reaction is the breaking down of food.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Compound Epithelial Tissue is divided into stratified and transitional.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
True - Stratified is divided into keratinised (dry, horny cells containing keratin, prevert lower tissues from drying out, ex: skin) and non-keratinised (adapted to protect underlying tissue, ex: oesophagus). The other type is Transitional Compound Epithelial, which like the simple, is water-tight but is formed by several layers, ex: urinary tract, vagina).Rate this question:
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- 23.
Epithelial tissue is the most abundant type of tissue in the body
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - the most abundant type of tissue is connective tissueRate this question:
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- 24.
Collagen and Elastin are also known as white fibrous and yellow elastic.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
FYI: Collagen does not stretch or branch and is usually arranged in bundles. Elastin fibres have branches, can form web-like structures and can stretch and return to original shape.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of the types of dense connective tissue is the one forming the lobes of ears and epiglottis?
- A.
Hyaline Cartilage
- B.
Fibrocartilage
- C.
Elastic Cartilage
- D.
Bone
Correct Answer
C. Elastic CartilageExplanation
Elastic Cartilage - it is a yellow elastic fibre of solid matrixRate this question:
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- 26.
How many types of dense connective tissue are there?
- A.
5
- B.
4
- C.
2
- D.
3
Correct Answer
B. 4Explanation
4 types - Hyaline Cartilage, Fibrocartilage, Elastic Cartilage & BoneRate this question:
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- 27.
Histamine is important for the body's response to tissue injury.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
True - it is released by mast cells, which also produces heparin, which is an anti-coagulant.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The process of generating more collagen in presence of scars is called fibroblast
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - Fibroblasts are the cells which generate collagen and not the process itself. The process is called Fibrosis.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Bone is the hardest of all forms of connective tissue, and it's made up of...
- A.
25% water, 30% organic material, 45% inorganic salts
- B.
30% water, 25% organic material, 45% inorganic salts
- C.
45% water, 25% organic material, 30% inorganic salts
- D.
30% water, 45% organic material, 25% inorganic salts
Correct Answer
A. 25% water, 30% organic material, 45% inorganic saltsExplanation
25% water, 30% organic material (carbon, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids), 45% inorganic salts (phosphorus, calcium, mineral salts)Rate this question:
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- 30.
Fibrocartilage is smooth, bluish and is found at end of bones
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - Fibrocartilage is a dense mass of white fibres with solid matrix, strong but slightly flexible.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Bone is reabsorbed by the action of ...
- A.
Osteoblasts
- B.
Osteocytes
- C.
Osteoclasts
- D.
Lamellae
Correct Answer
C. OsteoclastsExplanation
Osteoclasts - Osteoblasts secrete collage to form bones. When Osteoblasts surrounded by calcified matrix, they become Osteocytes.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Bones are formed by structures called...
- A.
Canaliculi
- B.
Harvesian Systems
- C.
Lacunae
- D.
Lamellae
Correct Answer
B. Harvesian SystemsExplanation
Harvesian Systems - they are cylinders of bone having Harvesian canal (circular) through them. Canals run parallel to bone surface, carry blood capillaries and lymph.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The fibrous membrane protecting the bone surface is called Periosteum.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The fibrous membrane that protects the bone surface is known as the periosteum. This membrane covers the outer layer of the bone and contains blood vessels, nerves, and cells that are involved in bone growth and repair. It helps to nourish the bone and serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons. Therefore, the statement that the periosteum is the fibrous membrane protecting the bone surface is true.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Outer surface of flat bones and walls of long bone shafts formed from Cancellous Bone
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - they are formed from Compact bone. Compact bone is very strong and cannot bend and forms outer surfaces of certain bones. Cancellous bones are lighter and are always covered by layer of rigid Compact bone.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The interstitial lamellae are ...
- A.
Canals through which cells communicate with Harvesian canals
- B.
Concentric circles of bone cells
- C.
Spaces between lamellae
- D.
Small triangular spaces between Harvesian Systems
Correct Answer
D. Small triangular spaces between Harvesian SystemsExplanation
Small triangular spaces between Harvesian Systems. The canals through which cells communicate are Canaliculi. The concentric circles are Lamellae and the spaces between Lamellae are called Lacuna.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Cancellous bone has larger Harvesian canals but fewer Lamellae than Compact bone
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Cancellous bone, also known as spongy or trabecular bone, is characterized by larger Haversian canals, which are channels that contain blood vessels and nerves. These canals are responsible for the transport of nutrients and waste products within the bone. On the other hand, compact bone, also known as cortical bone, has smaller Haversian canals. Additionally, cancellous bone has fewer lamellae, which are concentric layers of bone matrix, compared to compact bone. This is because cancellous bone has a more porous and less organized structure, providing a larger surface area for metabolic activities. Therefore, the statement that cancellous bone has larger Haversian canals but fewer lamellae than compact bone is true.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The Epiphyseal cartilage is the mechanism by which bone grows from its length, and it's made of which type of cartilage?
- A.
Hyaline
- B.
Fibrocartilage
- C.
Elastic
- D.
Connective
Correct Answer
A. HyalineExplanation
The epiphyseal cartilage is responsible for bone growth in length, and it is composed of hyaline cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is a smooth and flexible type of cartilage that provides support and cushioning in joints, as well as aiding in the growth and development of bones. It is the most common type of cartilage found in the body and is characterized by its glassy appearance under a microscope.Rate this question:
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- 38.
How many types of Fascial tissue are there?
- A.
2
- B.
4
- C.
3
- D.
5
Correct Answer
C. 3Explanation
3 - Mucous, Serous and SynovialRate this question:
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- 39.
Which of the types of fascial tissue is present in ends of bones?
- A.
Parietal Serous Membrane
- B.
Synovial Membrane
- C.
Mucous Membrane
- D.
Parietal Serous Membrane
Correct Answer
B. Synovial MembraneExplanation
Synovial Membrane - covers ends of bones forming movable joint. Joint is encapsulated by sheath of fibrous tissue which forms the ligament. The inner lining of the synovial capsule, named the synovial membrane, secretes synovial fluid required for joint lubrication.Rate this question:
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- 40.
There are two types of Serous membrane. The Parietal Serous membrane is a fine layer of epithelial cells that covers organs and reduces friction
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False - the description is for the Visceral serous membrane. An example of a visceral serous membrane is heart pericardium. The parietal serous membrane is formed from squamous epithelial cells and it forms lining of cavities such as thorax.Rate this question:
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Mar 28, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Expert Reviewed by
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Jun 14, 2016Quiz Created by
NeilCassar
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