Anp II Exam Certification Quiz!

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  • 1/131 Questions

    This is used to reduce the friction between membranes of the heart.

    • Endocardium layer
    • Pericardial (serous) fluid
    • Pericardium
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About This Quiz

The ANP II Exam Certification Quiz assesses knowledge on blood functions, components, and properties. It covers topics such as hematocrit composition, blood pH, and plasma content, crucial for understanding human physiology.

Anatomy And Physiology Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Which of the following is not a component of blood?

    • Blood plasma

    • Platelets

    • Carbon dioxide

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon dioxide
    Explanation
    Carbon dioxide is not a component of blood. It is a waste product produced by cells during cellular respiration and is transported to the lungs for elimination. Blood plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries nutrients, hormones, and waste products. Platelets are cell fragments that help in blood clotting.

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  • 3. 

    The normal pH range for blood  

    • 7.35-7.45

    • 7.35-8.5

    • 7.35-9.45

    Correct Answer
    A. 7.35-7.45
    Explanation
    The normal pH range for blood is 7.35-7.45. This range is important for maintaining the balance of acids and bases in the body. If the pH of blood falls below 7.35, it can indicate acidosis, which can be caused by conditions such as diabetes or kidney disease. On the other hand, if the pH rises above 7.45, it can indicate alkalosis, which can be caused by conditions such as hyperventilation or liver disease. Therefore, a pH range of 7.35-7.45 is considered normal for blood.

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  • 4. 

    A hemocrit measures

    • Percentage of RBC in packed blood

    • Percentage of WBC in packed blood

    • Percentage of platelets in packed blood

    Correct Answer
    A. Percentage of RBC in packed blood
    Explanation
    A hemocrit measures the percentage of red blood cells (RBC) in packed blood. It is a test that determines the volume of RBCs in relation to the total blood volume. This measurement is important in diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as anemia and polycythemia, as well as evaluating the overall health of the blood. The hemocrit value is expressed as a percentage, indicating the proportion of RBCs in the blood sample.

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  • 5. 

    Which is NOT a major function of the blood?

    • Transportation of nutrients

    • Regulation of blood pH

    • Production of oxygen

    Correct Answer
    A. Production of oxygen
    Explanation
    Blood does not produce oxygen; instead, it carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues. The major functions of blood include transporting nutrients, regulating blood pH, and carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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  • 6. 

    This is a the correct sequence of structures that allows the normal sequence of excitation to progress through the heart.

    • Purkinje fibers, AV node, SA node, Bundle of His

    • SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

    • Bundle of His, SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers

    Correct Answer
    A. SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
    Explanation
    The SA node (sinoatrial node) is responsible for initiating the electrical impulses in the heart. These impulses then travel to the AV node (atrioventricular node), which acts as a gatekeeper and delays the conduction to allow the atria to fully contract before the ventricles contract. From the AV node, the impulses are conducted through the Bundle of His, which divides into the left and right bundle branches and further into the Purkinje fibers. The Purkinje fibers then distribute the electrical impulses throughout the ventricles, causing them to contract. Therefore, the correct sequence is SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers.

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  • 7. 

    Capillaries are also known as

    • Exchange vessels

    • Vasodilators

    • Vasoconstrictors

    Correct Answer
    A. Exchange vessels
    Explanation
    Capillaries are known as exchange vessels because they are the smallest blood vessels in the body and play a crucial role in the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and the surrounding tissues. Due to their thin walls and large surface area, capillaries allow for efficient diffusion of substances. They connect arteries and veins, enabling the exchange of materials necessary for cellular function and maintaining homeostasis. The terms "vasodilators" and "vasoconstrictors" refer to substances or mechanisms that respectively dilate or constrict blood vessels, which is not directly related to the function of capillaries.

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following is NOT a sign of inflammation?

    • Heat

    • Pain

    • Mucus production

    Correct Answer
    A. Mucus production
    Explanation
    Mucus production is not a sign of inflammation because it is a normal bodily response to protect and lubricate the respiratory system. Inflammation is characterized by heat, pain, redness, and swelling, which are caused by increased blood flow and immune response to tissue damage or infection. Mucus production, on the other hand, is a defense mechanism to trap and remove foreign particles, irritants, or pathogens from the respiratory system, and is not directly related to inflammation.

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  • 9. 

    Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in blood clotting?

    • Albumins

    • Fibrinogens

    • Globulins

    Correct Answer
    A. Fibrinogens
    Explanation
    Fibrinogens are plasma proteins that play a crucial role in blood clotting. When there is an injury or damage to blood vessels, fibrinogens are converted into fibrin, which forms a mesh-like structure to trap blood cells and platelets, forming a clot. This clot helps to stop bleeding and initiate the healing process. Therefore, fibrinogens are essential in the coagulation cascade and blood clot formation.

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  • 10. 

    The process by which formed elements of the blood develop is called:

    • Immunology

    • Hemopoiesis

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Hemopoiesis
    Explanation
    Hemopoiesis is the correct answer because it refers to the process by which formed elements of the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, are produced. Immunology, on the other hand, is the study of the immune system and its response to pathogens and foreign substances. Therefore, immunology is not the correct answer. "None of the above" is also not the correct answer as Hemopoiesis is the accurate term for the development of formed elements of the blood.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following reduces blood loss?

    • Erythrocyte

    • Platelet

    • Lymphocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Platelet
    Explanation
    Platelets are responsible for blood clotting and play a crucial role in reducing blood loss. When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets aggregate at the site to form a plug, preventing further bleeding. They also release chemicals that help in the formation of a fibrin mesh, which reinforces the platelet plug and forms a stable blood clot. This clotting process helps to reduce blood loss and initiate the healing process. Erythrocytes (red blood cells) carry oxygen and nutrients, while lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response and not directly related to reducing blood loss.

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  • 12. 

    When an artery or arteriole is damaged, its smooth muscle contracts producing

    • a branch off the artery called an arteriole

    • A vascular spasm

    • tetanus

    Correct Answer
    A. A vascular spasm
    Explanation
    When an artery or arteriole is damaged, the smooth muscle surrounding it contracts, causing a decrease in the diameter of the blood vessel. This contraction is known as a vascular spasm. This response helps to reduce blood flow to the damaged area, preventing excessive bleeding. It is a protective mechanism that allows time for clotting factors to be activated and for the formation of a blood clot, which ultimately helps in the healing process.

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  • 13. 

    This term refers to the period of time during a cardiac cycle when contraction occurs and blood pressure rises.

    • Filling

    • Systole

    • repolarization

    Correct Answer
    A. Systole
    Explanation
    Systole refers to the period of time during a cardiac cycle when contraction occurs and blood pressure rises. This is when the heart muscles contract, forcing blood out of the chambers and into the arteries. During systole, the ventricles contract, pushing blood out of the heart and into circulation. This phase is essential for maintaining blood flow and delivering oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues.

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  • 14. 

    To which side of the body is the apex pointed?

    • At the midline

    • To the left

    • To the right

    Correct Answer
    A. To the left
    Explanation
    The apex of the body is pointed towards the left side.

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  • 15. 

    These are mainly used to kill infectious microbes and tumor cells.

    • Natural killer cells

    • platelets

    • Perforins

    Correct Answer
    A. Natural killer cells
    Explanation
    Natural killer cells are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. They are mainly used to kill infectious microbes and tumor cells by releasing toxic substances such as perforins. Perforins create pores in the cell membrane of the target cells, leading to their destruction. Therefore, natural killer cells are the correct answer as they are specifically designed to eliminate harmful microbes and cancerous cells.

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  • 16. 

    The hematocrit is composed of

    • WBC c.

    • Platelets

    • RBC

    Correct Answer
    A. RBC
    Explanation
    The hematocrit is a measure of the volume percentage of red blood cells in the total blood volume. It represents the proportion of blood that is made up of red blood cells. Therefore, the correct answer is RBC, as the hematocrit is composed of red blood cells and not white blood cells or platelets.

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  • 17. 

    Which layer consists of cardiac muscle tissue?

    • Epicardium

    • Pericardium

    • Myocardium

    Correct Answer
    A. Myocardium
    Explanation
    The myocardium is the correct answer because it is the layer of the heart that consists of cardiac muscle tissue. The myocardium is responsible for the contraction of the heart, pumping blood throughout the body. It is the thickest layer of the heart and is located between the epicardium (outer layer) and the endocardium (inner layer). The myocardium plays a crucial role in maintaining the heart's function and is essential for proper cardiac function.

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  • 18. 

    This part of the brain regulates heart rate.

    • Cardiac accelerator nerves

    • Chemoreceptors

    • Medulla oblongata

    Correct Answer
    A. Medulla oblongata
    Explanation
    The medulla oblongata is a part of the brain that controls many vital functions, including regulating heart rate. It contains specialized nerve cells that send signals to the heart through the cardiac accelerator nerves, which increase the heart rate when needed. Chemoreceptors, on the other hand, are sensory cells that detect changes in chemical levels in the blood and do not directly regulate heart rate. Therefore, the correct answer is the medulla oblongata.

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  • 19. 

    This induces production of a specific antibody.

    • Phagocytosis

    • Antigen

    • Antibody

    Correct Answer
    A. Antigen
    Explanation
    This statement suggests that the process mentioned induces the production of a specific antibody. The term "antigen" refers to a substance that can stimulate an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. Therefore, the presence of an antigen can trigger the production of a specific antibody, making it the correct answer.

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  • 20. 

    The process of a white blood cell squeezing between cells to exit the blood vessel is called

    • Emigration

    • Wandering

    • Adhesion

    Correct Answer
    A. Emigration
    Explanation
    Emigration refers to the process of a white blood cell squeezing between cells to exit the blood vessel. This term accurately describes the movement of white blood cells from the bloodstream into the surrounding tissues. Wandering and adhesion are not appropriate terms to describe this specific process.

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  • 21. 

    Which of the below valves prevents blood from flowing back from the lungs?

    • Tricuspid valve

    • Bicuspid valve

    • Pulmonary valve

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulmonary valve
    Explanation
    The pulmonary valve prevents blood from flowing back from the lungs. It is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. When the right ventricle contracts, the pulmonary valve opens, allowing blood to flow into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs for oxygenation. After oxygenation, the pulmonary valve closes, preventing blood from flowing back into the right ventricle. This ensures that oxygenated blood is sent to the rest of the body and not mixed with deoxygenated blood.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the below is the most important capillary exchange method?

    • Diffusion

    • transcytosis

    • Bulk flow

    Correct Answer
    A. Diffusion
    Explanation
    Diffusion is the most important capillary exchange method because it is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In capillary exchange, this allows for the movement of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. Transcytosis is the process of transporting large molecules across the endothelial cells of the capillary wall, while bulk flow refers to the movement of fluid and solutes due to pressure gradients. However, diffusion is considered the most important method as it is responsible for the majority of substance exchange in capillaries.

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  • 23. 

    Which of the below would NOT increase blood pressure.

    • Increased heart rate

    • Increased stroke volume

    • Decreased cardiac output

    Correct Answer
    A. Decreased cardiac output
    Explanation
    Decreased cardiac output would not increase blood pressure because cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute. When cardiac output decreases, less blood is being pumped into the arteries, resulting in a decrease in blood pressure. On the other hand, increased heart rate and increased stroke volume would both increase blood pressure. Increased heart rate means the heart is beating faster, pumping more blood into the arteries, and increased stroke volume means each heartbeat is pumping a larger volume of blood, also leading to an increase in blood pressure.

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  • 24. 

     The cardiovascular center is located

    • in the cerebellum

    • in the medulla oblongata

    • In the hypothalamus

    Correct Answer
    A. in the medulla oblongata
    Explanation
    The cardiovascular center is located in the medulla oblongata. This region of the brain is responsible for regulating and controlling various cardiovascular functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and blood vessel constriction or dilation. It receives input from various sensory receptors and sends out signals to the heart and blood vessels to maintain homeostasis and ensure proper functioning of the cardiovascular system.

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  • 25. 

    The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in

    • Immune system

    • Lymphatic and Immune systems only

    • Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems

    Correct Answer
    A. Lymphatic, Immune and Cardiovascular systems
    Explanation
    The skeletal muscle and respiratory pumps are used in the lymphatic, immune, and cardiovascular systems. These pumps help to facilitate the movement of lymph fluid, which carries immune cells and waste products, throughout the body. The skeletal muscles contract and relax, creating pressure that helps to push the lymph fluid through the lymphatic vessels. Similarly, the respiratory pumps are created by the movement of the diaphragm and the expansion and contraction of the chest during breathing, which also aids in the movement of lymph fluid. These pumps are essential in maintaining the proper functioning of these systems.

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  • 26. 

    Which of the following is responsible for diversity in the immune system?

    • MHC

    • Hapten

    • MHC and antigen receptors

    Correct Answer
    A. MHC and antigen receptors
    Explanation
    MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) and antigen receptors are responsible for diversity in the immune system. MHC molecules play a crucial role in presenting antigens to T cells, allowing the immune system to recognize and respond to a wide range of pathogens. Antigen receptors, such as B cell receptors and T cell receptors, are responsible for recognizing specific antigens and initiating an immune response. The diversity of MHC molecules and antigen receptors is generated through genetic recombination and mutation, ensuring that the immune system can effectively respond to various pathogens and adapt to new challenges.

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  • 27. 

    This type of shock is due to decreased blood volume

    • Hypovolemic

    • Cardiogenic

    • Vascular

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypovolemic
    Explanation
    Hypovolemic shock occurs when there is a significant decrease in blood volume, leading to inadequate perfusion of organs and tissues. This can be caused by various factors such as bleeding, dehydration, or fluid loss from burns or vomiting. In this type of shock, the body's blood volume is reduced, resulting in decreased oxygen and nutrient supply to the cells. Symptoms may include rapid heart rate, low blood pressure, dizziness, and confusion. Treatment typically involves fluid replacement to restore blood volume and improve circulation.

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  • 28. 

    This electrical event represents repolarization of the ventricle.

    • R wave

    • T wave

    • S wave

    Correct Answer
    A. T wave
    Explanation
    The T wave represents repolarization of the ventricle. During repolarization, the ventricles relax and prepare for the next contraction. This electrical event is seen as a positive deflection on an electrocardiogram (ECG) and follows the QRS complex, which represents ventricular depolarization. The T wave is important in assessing the overall health and function of the heart, as abnormalities in its shape, duration, or amplitude can indicate various cardiac conditions.

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  • 29. 

    Circulation time

    • Varies with diet

    • in a resting person is normally 1 minute

    • is set by the hypothalamus

    Correct Answer
    A. in a resting person is normally 1 minute
    Explanation
    The circulation time in a resting person is normally 1 minute. This means that it takes approximately 1 minute for the blood to complete one full cycle through the circulatory system. This time can vary depending on factors such as diet, exercise, and overall health. The hypothalamus, which is a region in the brain, plays a role in regulating the circulation time by controlling various physiological processes such as heart rate and blood vessel constriction.

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  • 30. 

    Which of the following plasma proteins plays a role in disease resistance

    • Albumins

    • Globulins

    • Fibrinogens

    Correct Answer
    A. Globulins
    Explanation
    Globulins are a group of plasma proteins that play a crucial role in disease resistance. They are involved in the immune response and help to defend the body against pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. Globulins include antibodies, which are proteins that specifically target and neutralize foreign invaders. By producing antibodies, globulins aid in the recognition and elimination of pathogens, thereby contributing to disease resistance.

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  • 31. 

    A red blood cell without a nucleus is called a

    • Precursor cell

    • Interleukin

    • Reticulocyte

    Correct Answer
    A. Reticulocyte
    Explanation
    A red blood cell without a nucleus is called a reticulocyte. Reticulocytes are immature red blood cells that still contain some remnants of their nucleus. As they mature, these remnants are removed and the reticulocytes become fully functional red blood cells. The absence of a nucleus allows red blood cells to have more space to carry oxygen and increases their flexibility to pass through narrow blood vessels.

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  • 32. 

    As each ventricle contracts, where does blood move?

    • Into an artery

    • Into the apex

    • Into a vein

    Correct Answer
    A. Into an artery
    Explanation
    When each ventricle contracts, blood is pumped out of the heart and into the arteries. The arteries carry oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body, while the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is "Into an artery."

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  • 33. 

    This is a blood vessel that conveys blood from the tissues back to the heart.

    • Arteriole

    • Aorta

    • Vein

    Correct Answer
    A. Vein
    Explanation
    A vein is a blood vessel that carries blood from the tissues back to the heart. Unlike arteries, veins contain valves that prevent blood from flowing backward. This allows veins to efficiently transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart for reoxygenation. The other options, arteriole and aorta, are incorrect because arterioles are small branches of arteries that carry blood away from the heart to the capillaries, and the aorta is the largest artery in the body that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

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  • 34. 

    The alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis is called

    • Detour blood

    • Collateral circulation

    • microcirculation

    Correct Answer
    A. Collateral circulation
    Explanation
    Collateral circulation refers to the alternate route of blood flow to a body part through an anastomosis. When there is a blockage or narrowing of a blood vessel, collateral circulation helps to maintain blood supply to the affected area by redirecting blood through nearby vessels. This allows for continuous oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues, preventing damage or cell death. Collateral circulation plays a crucial role in maintaining blood flow in situations such as arterial occlusions or during the healing process after an injury.

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  • 35. 

    This hormone causes the development of megakaryoblasts.

    • Erythropoietin

    • Thrombopoietin

    • Nitric oxide

    Correct Answer
    A. Thrombopoietin
    Explanation
    Thrombopoietin is the correct answer because it is a hormone that stimulates the development and maturation of megakaryoblasts, which are the precursor cells of platelets. Erythropoietin is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells, and nitric oxide is a signaling molecule involved in various physiological processes.

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  • 36. 

    This is the mass of tissue from the sternum to the vertebral column between the lungs.

    • Parietal layer

    • Mediastinum

    • Pericardial tissue

    Correct Answer
    A. Mediastinum
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Mediastinum". The mediastinum is a mass of tissue located between the sternum and the vertebral column, and it is situated between the lungs. It contains various structures such as the heart, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels. The mediastinum plays a crucial role in supporting and protecting these vital organs.

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  • 37. 

    This heart structure carries deoxygenated blood

    • Left atrium and ventricle

    • Left artium only

    • Right atrium and ventricle

    Correct Answer
    A. Right atrium and ventricle
    Explanation
    The right atrium and ventricle carry deoxygenated blood. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava. It then contracts, pushing the blood into the right ventricle. The right ventricle then pumps the deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery, where it picks up oxygen and becomes oxygenated. Therefore, the correct answer is the right atrium and ventricle.

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  • 38. 

    Which of the below is NOT found in arteries but is found in veins?

    • Tunica media

    • Tunica interna

    • valves

    Correct Answer
    A. valves
    Explanation
    Valves are not found in arteries but are found in veins. Valves are flap-like structures that prevent the backflow of blood and help maintain the unidirectional flow of blood towards the heart. Arteries, on the other hand, have a thicker tunica media layer compared to veins, which helps them withstand the high pressure of blood being pumped from the heart. The tunica interna is present in both arteries and veins and is responsible for providing a smooth lining to the blood vessels.

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  • 39. 

    Lack of resistance is also known as:

    • Innate

    • Specific

    • Susceptibility

    Correct Answer
    A. Susceptibility
    Explanation
    Susceptibility refers to the lack of resistance or vulnerability to a particular disease or condition. It implies that an individual is more likely to be affected by the disease or condition due to a lack of natural defenses or immunity. In contrast, innate refers to something that is present from birth, and specific refers to something that is particular or unique to a certain situation or condition. Therefore, susceptibility is the most suitable term to describe the lack of resistance.

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  • 40. 

    Which of the below produces the hormone that promotes maturation of T cells?

    • Red bone marrow

    • Pancreas

    • Thymus

    Correct Answer
    A. Thymus
    Explanation
    The thymus produces the hormone that promotes the maturation of T cells. The thymus is a gland located in the chest and is an essential part of the immune system. It plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of T cells, which are a type of white blood cell responsible for immune responses. The hormone produced by the thymus helps in the maturation process of T cells, allowing them to become fully functional and ready to fight off infections and diseases.

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  • 41. 

    This hormone stimulates proliferation of red blood cells in red bone marrow

    • EPO

    • TPO

    • Human growth hormone

    Correct Answer
    A. EPO
    Explanation
    EPO, or erythropoietin, is a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the red bone marrow. It is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in the blood. EPO binds to receptors on the surface of stem cells in the bone marrow, promoting their differentiation into red blood cells. This increased production of red blood cells helps to enhance oxygen-carrying capacity and improve oxygen delivery to tissues throughout the body. TPO, or thrombopoietin, is a hormone that stimulates the production of platelets, not red blood cells. Human growth hormone does not have a direct effect on red blood cell production.

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  • 42. 

    A red blood cell’s function is

    • Cytokine stimulation

    • Blood cell proliferation

    • Gas transport

    Correct Answer
    A. Gas transport
    Explanation
    The correct answer is gas transport. Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs for elimination. This is facilitated by the presence of hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that binds to oxygen and carbon dioxide. Through this process, red blood cells ensure the efficient delivery of oxygen to cells and the removal of waste carbon dioxide, thereby playing a vital role in gas transport within the body.

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  • 43. 

    This is the layer that protects the heart.

    • Epicardium

    • Parietal layer

    • Myocardial tissue

    Correct Answer
    A. Epicardium
    Explanation
    The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart and acts as a protective covering. It is a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds the heart and provides a barrier against infection and injury. The epicardium also contains blood vessels and nerves that supply the heart muscle.

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  • 44. 

    From the left ventricle, where does blood pass?

    • Bicuspid valve

    • Aortic semilunar valve

    • Pulmonary trunk

    Correct Answer
    A. Aortic semilunar valve
    Explanation
    Blood passes from the left ventricle through the aortic semilunar valve. This valve prevents the backflow of blood from the aorta into the ventricle when the ventricle relaxes.

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  • 45. 

    In this disorder the aortic valve is narrowed.

    • Mitral valve prolapse

    • Aortic stenosis

    • Mitral insufficiency

    Correct Answer
    A. Aortic stenosis
    Explanation
    Aortic stenosis is a disorder where the aortic valve, which controls blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body, becomes narrowed. This narrowing can restrict blood flow and cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Mitral valve prolapse refers to the improper closing of the mitral valve, while mitral insufficiency is the inability of the mitral valve to properly close, leading to blood leakage. Therefore, the correct answer is aortic stenosis, as it specifically describes the narrowing of the aortic valve.

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  • 46. 

    This vessel distributes oxygenated blood to the myocardium.

    • Coronary artery

    • Coronary vein

    • Right ventricle

    Correct Answer
    A. Coronary artery
    Explanation
    The coronary artery is responsible for distributing oxygenated blood to the myocardium, which is the muscular tissue of the heart. This artery supplies the heart with the necessary oxygen and nutrients it needs to function properly. Without the coronary artery, the myocardium would not receive enough oxygen, leading to heart problems and potentially heart failure.

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  • 47. 

    Stimulation of this nerve reduces heart rate.

    • Medulla oblongata nerve

    • Vagus nerve

    • Phrenic nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Vagus nerve
    Explanation
    The vagus nerve is responsible for controlling the parasympathetic nervous system, which helps to slow down the heart rate. Stimulation of the vagus nerve can lead to a decrease in heart rate. The other nerves listed, such as the medulla oblongata nerve and phrenic nerve, do not have direct control over heart rate regulation. Therefore, the correct answer is the vagus nerve.

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  • 48. 

    What causes lymph from the small intestines to appear white?

    • RBC

    • Lipids

    • Fats

    Correct Answer
    A. Lipids
    Explanation
    The lymph from the small intestines appears white due to the presence of lipids. Lipids are a type of fat that are absorbed from the small intestine into the lymphatic system. When the lymphatic fluid contains a high concentration of lipids, it appears milky white in color. This is because lipids are not soluble in water and therefore cannot dissolve in the watery blood plasma. As a result, they are transported through the lymphatic vessels in the form of chylomicrons, which give the lymph a white appearance.

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  • 49. 

    In the thymus, where is it speculated that T cells die.

    • Trabeculae

    • Hasall’s corpuscles

    • Epithelial cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Hasall’s corpuscles
    Explanation
    Hasall's corpuscles are structures found in the thymus that are speculated to be involved in the death of T cells. These corpuscles are composed of concentric layers of epithelial cells and are thought to play a role in the removal of dying T cells from the thymus. The presence of Hasall's corpuscles suggests that the thymus has mechanisms in place to eliminate T cells that are no longer functional or self-reactive, ensuring the proper development and selection of T cells in the immune system.

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  • Mar 19, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Nov 14, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Sab1217
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