Anatomy And Physiology Exam Practice Test!
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Here you'll find some interesting and knowledgeable questions about anatomy and physiology, that will improve your knowledge. Apart from that, you will have a better insight into concepts and fundamentals, as well as the idea of the pattern of exams. So, let's take it right now.
- 1.
- A.
Metabolism
- B.
Physiology
- C.
Assimilation
- D.
Excretion
- 2.
- A.
Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, systems
- B.
Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, systems
- C.
Organs, organelles, systems, cells, tissues
- D.
Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems
- 3.
- A.
Ability of human beings to keep body weight within normal limits
- B.
Maintenance of a constant external temperature inside a room
- C.
Ingestion of enough food to keep hunger pains from developing
- D.
Tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment
- 4.
- A.
It controls the amount of heat produced
- B.
Its a source of energy
- C.
It is used to release energy that is stored in food
- D.
It is part of water and is necessary to keep organisms hydrated
- 5.Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity?
- A.
Heart
- B.
Trachea
- C.
Thymus gland
- D.
Kidney
- 6.
- A.
Visceral pleura
- B.
Parietal pleura
- C.
Visceral pericardium
- D.
Parietal pericardium
- 7.A section that separates the body into right and left portions would be the:
- A.
Frontal section
- B.
Transverse section
- C.
Coronal section
- D.
Sagittal section
- 8.
- A.
Dorsal (posterior)
- B.
Ventral (anterior)
- C.
Superior
- D.
Inferior
- 9.
- A.
The face is forward
- B.
The arms are at the sides
- C.
The palms are facing backward
- D.
The body is erect
- 10.
- A.
Positive feedback
- B.
Negative feedback
- C.
A vicious circle
- D.
None of the above
- 11.A parietal membrane __________, where as a visceral membrane ______________.
- A.
Covers organs; lines cavities
- B.
Lines cavities; covers organs
- C.
Is thick; is thin
- D.
Secretes mucous;secretes serous fluid
- 12.The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 13.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 14.A decomposition reaction can be symbolized by:
- A.
A+B --> C+D
- B.
A+B -->AB
- C.
AB-->A+B
- D.
C+D-->AB
- 15.Electrolytes are substances that:
- A.
Form covalent bonds with water
- B.
Ionize when dissolved in water
- C.
Cannot conduct electricity in solution
- D.
Are not found in the human body in any appreciable amounts.
- 16.The pH scale measures the:
- A.
Concentration of hydrogen ions in solution
- B.
Amounts of salts dissolved in water
- C.
Number of hydroxyl ions in water
- D.
Strength of an electrical current carried by a solution
- 17.Synthesis reactions are particularly important in the body for:
- A.
Release of energy
- B.
Digestion of food particles
- C.
Growth of body parts
- D.
Neutralization of acids by buffers
- 18.A covalent bond is characterized by:
- A.
One atom sharing and another atom gaining electrons
- B.
Atoms sharing pairs of electrons
- C.
Oppositely charged atoms being attracted to each other
- D.
All of the above
- 19.Lipids are characterized by:
- A.
A group of substances that are insoluble in water.
- B.
A number of compounds such as phospholipids, cholesterol and fats.
- C.
Fat molecules containing C, H, & O but the proportion of oxygen is much smaller than in carbohydrates.
- D.
All of the above.
- 20.The general characteristics of proteins are that they:
- A.
Serve as structural materials, energy sources, and chemical messengers.
- B.
Contain C, H, O and N, and sometimes sulfur.
- C.
Can act as enzymes
- D.
All of the above.
- 21.
- A.
Protein that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted.
- B.
Protein that functions as a hormone
- C.
Protein that inhibits chemical reactions by being changed or depleted
- D.
Fibrous protein that is used to help build certain tissues in the body
- 22.
- A.
Cations
- B.
Anions
- C.
Salts
- D.
Buffers
- 23.
- A.
Bond more strongly
- B.
Dissociate
- C.
Degrade
- D.
Denature
- 24.Which of the following is not hydrophilic?
- A.
Carbohydrates
- B.
Lipids
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Nucleic acid
- 25.The symbol Na+ represents a sodium atom that has lost an electron.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 26.Glycogen is a complex polysaccharide that is synthesized by the body:
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 27.The endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a:
- A.
Formless liquid
- B.
Cellular inclusion
- C.
Network of interconnected membranes
- D.
Membranous sac
- 28.
- A.
Osmotic pressure
- B.
Hydrostatic pressure
- C.
Atmospheric pressure
- D.
None of the above
- 29.Which of the following processes involves the use of specific carrier molecules?
- A.
Phagocytosis
- B.
Pinocytosis
- C.
Active transport
- D.
Dialysis
- 30.
- A.
Water will tend to enter the cell by osmosis
- B.
Water will tend to leave the cell by osmosis
- C.
Glucose will tend to enter the cell by osmosis
- D.
Glucose will tend to leave the cell by osmosis
- 31.Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the resulting cells contain:
- A.
Identical chromosomes
- B.
Identical DNA information
- C.
Both identical chromosomes and DNA information
- D.
None of the above.
- 32.The 2 major components of the cell membrane are:
- A.
Lipids and carbohydrates
- B.
Proteins and carbohydrates
- C.
Lipids and proteins
- D.
Carbohydrates and polysaccharides
- 33.The cell membrane functions to:
- A.
Maintain wholeness of the cell
- B.
Control the entry and exit of various substances
- C.
Provide a barrier to water soluble substances
- D.
All of the above
- 34.Which of the following is not a factor that influences the rate of diffusion?
- A.
The distance of diffusion
- B.
The concentration of the substance
- C.
The amount of energy available for transport molecules
- D.
The molecular weight of the diffusing molecules
- 35.
- A.
Both require cellular energy for the transport of substances.
- B.
Both involve the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane
- C.
Both require a special carrier molecule to move substances across the membrane
- D.
Both involve the movement of a substance from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration without cellular energy.
- 36.
- A.
The cell will shrink
- B.
The cell will swell and may eventually burst
- C.
Nothing; the cell will remain the same size and shape
- D.
Only permeable substances will leave the cell; otherwise the concentrations within the cell do not change
- 37.
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Interphase
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Telophase
- 38.Which of the following is isotonic to red blood cells?
- A.
0.9% NaCl solution
- B.
Distilled water
- C.
0.9% glucose solution
- D.
None of the above
- 39.
- A.
Allows all substances to pass through
- B.
Allows all organic substances to pass through but excludes all inorganic substances
- C.
Allows some substances to pass through and excludes others
- D.
Is leaky or allows substances to leak through
- 40.
- A.
Endoplasmic reticulum: network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals; packages proteins molecules
- B.
Ribosomes: membranous vesicles; contains digestive enzymes
- C.
Golgi apparatus: particles composed of protein and RNA; synthesizes proteins
- D.
Mitochondrion: nonmembranous structure that synthesizes proteins
- 41.
- A.
Molecules from high concentration to a low concentration
- B.
Water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
- C.
Water molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
- D.
Ions from a low pressure region to a high pressure region through a selectively permeable membrane
- 42.
- A.
The lower the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure
- B.
The greater the number of solute particles, the lower the osmotic pressure
- C.
The greater the osmotic pressure, the lower the number of solute particles
- D.
The greater the number of solute particles, the greater the osmotic pressure
- 43.A hypertonic solution:
- A.
Has a greater concentration of solute particles than the cells in the solution
- B.
Would cause cells in the solution to lose water or become shrunken
- C.
Has greater osmotic pressure than do the cells in the solution
- D.
All of the above
- 44.Lipids are synthesized in:
- A.
The Golgi apparatus
- B.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum
- D.
The liver
- 45.Cytoplasm occurs between the cell membrane and the nuclear envelope of a cell:
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 46.A cell that secretes a large quantity of protein, would have a larger number of lysosomes for this function:
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 47.A 5% glucose solution is isotonic to human cells:
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 48.The movement of sodium ions from a region of lower concentration inside a cell toward a region of higher concentration outside the cell is accomplished by:
- 49.The outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum has organelles called __________ attached to it.
- 50.In dehydration synthesis of a carbohydrate:
- A.
Larger molecules are decomposed into smaller ones
- B.
Monosaccharides become joined together
- C.
Water molecules become joined to monosaccharide molecules
- D.
The molecule is decomposed in to CO2 and H2O
- 51.When a sucrose molecule is decomposed to yield a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule:
- A.
The process involves dehydration synthesis
- B.
A water molecule is released
- C.
A water molecule is used
- D.
None of the above
- 52.The reactions of anaerobic respiration occur in the:
- A.
Cytoplasm
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Nucleus
- D.
All of the above
- 53.Which of the following is an example of catabolism?
- A.
The synthesis of the cell membrane from precursor molecules
- B.
The oxidation of glucose in the cytoplasm and mitochondria
- C.
The formation of secretory proteins in the pancreas
- D.
The duplication of DNA molecules in the nucleus
- 54.
- A.
They form a genetic material important for reproduction
- B.
They act to "capture" energy from the oxidation of fuels to be used in other cell processes
- C.
They act as coenzymes so that the fats can be synthesized.
- D.
They are an integral part of the cell membrane, important in the transport of water molecules.
- 55.In the citric acid cycle:
- A.
Carbon dioxide is released
- B.
Hydrogen atoms are released
- C.
2 ATP's form
- D.
All of the above
- 56.
- A.
Energy is released from molecules and is transferred to other molecules
- B.
Cells breathe, or take in O2 and give off CO2
- C.
Cells produce energy from O2 and absorb heat.
- D.
Energy is absorbed from glucose and is transferred to CO2
- 57.
- A.
Mitochondria; cytplasm with O2 needed
- B.
Cytoplasm without O2 needed; cytoplasm with CO2 required
- C.
Mitochondria without O2 needed; mitochondria with O2 needed
- D.
Cytoplasm without O2 needed; mitochondria with O2 needed
- 58.The process of copying DNA information into the structure of the mRNA molecule is called which of the following?
- A.
Translation
- B.
Synthesis
- C.
Replication
- D.
Transcription
- 59.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 60.An ATP molecule consists of adenine, a ribose, and 3 phosphates.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 61.Which of the following is not one of the 4 basic body tissues:
- A.
Epithelial tissue
- B.
Connective tissue
- C.
Brain tissue
- D.
Muscle tissue
- 62.A basement membrane occurs between:
- A.
Muscle and nerve tissue
- B.
Epithelial and connective tissue
- C.
Connective tissue and muscle tissue
- D.
Brain and nervous tissue
- 63.Epithelial tissue functions in:
- A.
Secretion
- B.
Absorption
- C.
Protection
- D.
All of the above
- 64.
- A.
Smooth
- B.
Skeletal
- C.
Intercalated
- D.
None of the above
- 65.Connective tissue fibers are produced by:
- A.
Macrophages
- B.
Mast cells
- C.
Fibroblasts
- D.
All of the above
- 66.A general characteristic of connective tissue is that it:
- A.
Consists of cells with much intercellular material between tehm
- B.
Has no blood supply to the tissue
- C.
Covers the outside of organs
- D.
Commonly is found lining body cavities
- 67.Adipose tissue is a specialized form of:
- A.
Fibrous connective tissue
- B.
Elastic connective tissue
- C.
Loose connective tissue
- D.
Reticular connective tissue
- 68.Epithelial tissues are characterized by a lack of blood vessels.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 69.The tissue that covers all body surfaces is:
- 70.A single layer of flattened epithelium would constitute the tissue called:
- 71.Membranes lining the body cavities that lack openings to the outside are called:
- A.
Synovial
- B.
Mucous
- C.
Serous
- D.
Cutaneous
- 72.The primary means by which body heat is lost:
- A.
Conduction
- B.
Convection
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Radiation
- 73.Which of the following is a normal response to excessive loss of body heat in a cold environment?
- A.
Dermal blood vessels become constricted
- B.
Sweat glands become inactive
- C.
Skeletal muscles contract involuntarily
- D.
All of the above
- 74.Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the production of:
- A.
Melanin
- B.
Carotene
- C.
Hemoglobin
- D.
Cyanin
- 75.An example of a serous membrane is:
- A.
The nasal membranes that secrete mucous
- B.
The linings of the gastrointestinal system
- C.
The lining of the thorax
- D.
The membranes covering joint cavities in the knee
- 76.Sweat functions to cool the body by:
- A.
Convection
- B.
Conduction
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Radiation
- 77.
- A.
Stratum corneum
- B.
Stratum granulosum
- C.
Stratum spinosum
- D.
Stratum germinativum
- 78.Shafts of hair are composed of:
- A.
Living dermal cells
- B.
Dead dermal cells
- C.
Living epidermal cells
- D.
Dead epidermal cells
- 79.Eccrine sweat glands differ from sebaceous glands:
- A.
In terms of what is secreted
- B.
In their location in the body
- C.
Because subaceous glands are associated with hair follicles, sweat glands are not.
- D.
All of the above
- 80.Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels located in the:
- A.
Epidermis
- B.
Dermis
- C.
Subcutaneous layer
- D.
All of the above
- 81.Serous membranes are characterized by __________, wh;ereas mucous membranes are characterized by____________.
- A.
Lining body cavities that lack openings to the outside; lining body cavities and tubes opening to the outside
- B.
Being composed of connective tissue only; being composed of epithelial tissue only
- C.
Secreting synovial fluid that lubricates the joint surfaces; secreting mucous
- D.
Lining joint cavities; covering the surface of the body
- 82.
- A.
The innermost layer of the skin; under the dermis
- B.
Composed of largely fibrous connective tissue; composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
- C.
The outermost layer of skin; composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
- D.
Composed of stratified squamous epithelial tissue; composed of fibrous connective tissue.
- 83.
- A.
Being composed of living stratified squamous cells, whereas a hair follicle is composed of dead dermal cells
- B.
Originating in the subcutaneous layer, whereas a hair follicle originates in the dermis
- C.
Strictly the position, with the hair being in the center of the follicle
- D.
Being composed of dead epidermal cells, whereas a hair follicle is composed of living dermal cells
- 84.The subcutaneous layer can be described as:
- A.
Being composed of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue
- B.
The skin
- C.
Functioning as a heat insulator or helping to conserve body heat
- D.
All of the above
- 85.The tough layer of waterproof material that makes up the outermost portion of the epidermis is called the stratum lucidum.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 86.The outermost layer of the epidermis is stratum basale and the innermost layer is the stratum corneum.
- A.
True
- B.
False
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