Immunity

2.

Two groups of cells involve in defence are?

Pathogens and antigens
Endocytosis and Phagocytosis
Phagocytes and Lymphocytes
Monocytes and Polycytes

Correct Answer

A. Phagocytes and Lymphocytes

Explanation

Phagocytes and lymphocytes are two groups of cells involved in defense. Phagocytes are responsible for engulfing and destroying pathogens through a process called phagocytosis. They are part of the innate immune system and include cells like neutrophils and macrophages. Lymphocytes, on the other hand, are part of the adaptive immune system and play a crucial role in recognizing and targeting specific pathogens. They include B cells, which produce antibodies, and T cells, which directly attack infected cells. Together, phagocytes and lymphocytes work to protect the body against pathogens and maintain immune homeostasis.

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3.

Which cell coordinate the immune reponse stimulating B cells to divide and secret antibodies into the blood?

T cells
T Killer cells
T helper cells
Memory cells

Correct Answer

A. T cells

Explanation

T cells are responsible for coordinating the immune response by stimulating B cells to divide and secrete antibodies into the blood. T cells recognize antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells and activate B cells, which then undergo clonal expansion and produce antibodies specific to the pathogen. T cells play a crucial role in adaptive immunity and help in eliminating pathogens from the body.

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4.

Which cells are stored in the blood for many years?

Plasma cells
Memory cells
Blood cells
Thymus cells

Correct Answer

A. Memory cells

Explanation

Memory cells are stored in the blood for many years. These cells are a type of immune cell that are formed after an initial infection or vaccination. They "remember" the specific pathogen and are able to mount a faster and stronger immune response if the same pathogen is encountered again in the future. This long-term storage of memory cells in the blood allows for a quicker and more efficient immune response upon re-exposure to a particular pathogen.

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5.

Antibodies are all?

Globular
Glycoproteins
Globular proteins
Globular glycoproteins

Correct Answer

A. Globular glycoproteins

Explanation

Antibodies are proteins that are produced by the immune system in response to the presence of foreign substances in the body. They are specifically classified as globular glycoproteins because they have a three-dimensional, globular shape and contain carbohydrate molecules attached to the protein structure. This glycosylation is important for the functioning of antibodies, as it helps in their stability, solubility, and recognition of foreign antigens. Therefore, the correct answer is "Globular glycoproteins."

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6.

Antigens

Stimulate the immune response
Protect the immune response
Support the immune response
Programme the immune response

Correct Answer

A. Stimulate the immune response

Explanation

Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response in the body. When antigens enter the body, they stimulate the immune system to produce an immune response, which includes the production of antibodies and activation of immune cells. This immune response is essential for the body to recognize and eliminate foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses. Therefore, the correct answer is "Stimulate the immune response."

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7.

A village has improved its supply of clean water, sewage treatment, insect control and milk pasteurisation. Which disease, present in the village, will not be reduced by these measures?

Cholera
HIV/AIDS
Malaria
Tuberculosis (TB)

Correct Answer

A. HIV/AIDS

Explanation

The measures mentioned (improvement in clean water supply, sewage treatment, insect control, and milk pasteurization) primarily target diseases that are transmitted through contaminated water, insects, or food. Cholera, malaria, and tuberculosis can all be reduced by these measures as they are directly or indirectly related to these modes of transmission. However, HIV/AIDS is primarily transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles, or mother-to-child transmission, and is not directly affected by these measures. Therefore, HIV/AIDS will not be reduced by the mentioned improvements in the village.

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8.

Some antibiotics are used in animal feed to reduce disease. What explains why these antibiotics should not be used in the treatment of human diseases?

Humans may be allergic to these antibiotics.
Human cells may stop responding to these antibiotics.
Pathogenic bacteria may develop resistance to these antibiotics
Useful gut bacteria may be killed by these antibiotics

Correct Answer

A. Pathogenic bacteria may develop resistance to these antibiotics

Explanation

The use of antibiotics in animal feed can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. This means that these bacteria can become resistant to the antibiotics, making them ineffective in treating human diseases caused by these bacteria. This is a major concern as it limits the options for effective treatment and can lead to the spread of antibiotic-resistant infections.

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9.

What is the cellular process of engulfing solid particles by the cell membrane .

Endocytosis
Pinocytosis
Emperipolesis
Phagocytosis

Correct Answer

A. Phagocytosis

Explanation

Phagocytosis is the cellular process in which solid particles are engulfed by the cell membrane. It is a form of endocytosis that involves the ingestion of large particles or microorganisms by specialized cells called phagocytes. During phagocytosis, the cell extends its membrane around the particle, forming a phagosome. The phagosome then fuses with lysosomes, which contain enzymes that break down the ingested material. This process is important for immune defense, as phagocytes can engulf and destroy pathogens or cellular debris.

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10.

The two types of response are?

Active and Passive response
Primary and Secondary response
Tertiary and Quaternary response
Secondary and Tertiary response

Correct Answer

A. Primary and Secondary response

Explanation

The correct answer is "Primary and Secondary response." This is because the question is asking about the two types of response, and the options provided are "Active and Passive response," "Primary and Secondary response," "Tertiary and Quaternary response," and "Secondary and Tertiary response." Among these options, "Primary and Secondary response" is the only one that directly addresses the question by providing two distinct types of response. The other options either provide different types of response or do not provide two distinct types of response.

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Immunity

The cells of the immune system originate from the?

Quiz Preview

Two groups of cells involve in defence are?

Which cell coordinate the immune reponse stimulating B cells to divide and secret antibodies into the blood?

Which cells are stored in the blood for many years?

Antibodies are all?

Antigens

A village has improved its supply of clean water, sewage treatment, insect control and milk pasteurisation. Which disease, present in the village, will not be reduced by these measures?

Some antibiotics are used in animal feed to reduce disease. What explains why these antibiotics should not be used in the treatment of human diseases?

What is the cellular process of engulfing solid particles by the cell membrane .

The two types of response are?