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Understanding the U.S. Federal Judiciary System Quiz

Understanding The U.S. Federal Judiciary System Quiz

Explore the structure and functions of the U.S. federal court system. This educational resource delves into the judiciary's role, key legal principles, and the impact of federal court decisions. Ideal for students and...

Questions: 28 | Attempts: 10 | Last updated: Aug 4, 2025

Sample Question 1
What are the two basic kinds of cases?

Criminal law case: The govt. charges an individual with violating specific laws, such as those prohibiting robbery.-The offense can be harmful to an individual or to society as a whole. In either case it warrants punishment, such as imprisonment or a fine. Civil law case: involves a dispute between two parties (one whom may be government itself) and defines relationships between them. -Range from divorces proceeding, alliances w/ multinational companies and violations of civil right laws. -Consist of both statutes (laws passed by legislatures) and common law (accumulation of judicial decisions).-The majority of all criminal & civil cases involve state law and are tried in state courts. Criminal cases such as burglary & civil cases such as divorce normally begin and end in the state, not the federal courts.

Family law cases: Involves disputes related to family matters such as custody, adoption, or inheritance.

Military law cases: Involves disputes related to military personnel and their conduct within the armed forces.

Administrative cases: Involves disputes related to administrative agencies and government regulations.

Sample Question 2
What are litigants?

Litigants are lawyers who represent clients in legal proceedings.

Litigants are individuals who mediate disputes outside of court.

- Every case is a dispute between a plaintiff (accusser) and a defendant (acussed) in which the former brings some charge against the latter.-The plaintiff is sometimes the govt., which may bring a charge agaisnt an individual or a corporation. They can charge someone for a murder & a company w/ illegal trade practices. -Cases are identified w/ the name of the plaintiff first & the defendant second. Ex. State v. Smith or Anderson v. Baker.-In many cases the jury, group of citizens, is responsible for determining the outcome of a lawsuit(but not all the time).-Litigants (ppl being accussed) end up in court for diff. reasons some are reluctant participants- the defendant in a criminal case, for ex. Others are eager for their day in court.

Litigants are judges who preside over court cases.

Sample Question 3
What is standing to sue?

The process of waiting in line to file a lawsuit at a courthouse.

A person's right to physically stand up in court during a legal proceeding.

The requirement that plaintiffs have a serious interest in a case, which depends on whether they have sustained or are likely to sustain a direct and substantial injury from a party or an action of government. Congress & the SC have liberalized the rules for standing, making it somewhat easier for citizens to challenge governmental & corporate actions in court.

The concept of hiring a legal representative to sue on behalf of an individual.