Section 3 - Quiz On Eating And Drinking | Attempts: 552

2.

Osmoreceptors are specialized neurons that detect

Changes in solute concentration of the interstitial fluid
Osmotic pressure within the blood plasma
Angiotensin concentration in the blood
The concentartion of renin within the blood
Blood plasma solute concentration

Correct Answer

A. Changes in solute concentration of the interstitial fluid

Explanation

Osmoreceptors are specialized neurons that detect changes in solute concentration of the interstitial fluid. These receptors are responsible for monitoring the osmotic balance in the body by detecting any changes in solute concentration. This information is then relayed to the brain, which triggers appropriate responses such as thirst or the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to maintain the body's fluid balance. By detecting changes in solute concentration of the interstitial fluid, osmoreceptors play a crucial role in regulating osmotic pressure and ensuring proper functioning of the body's cells.

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3.

Eating is initiated by the secretion of from the _

Insulin; stomach
Ghrelin; stomach
Insulin; hypothalamus
Ghrelin; hypothalamus
CCK; hypothalamus

Correct Answer

A. Ghrelin; stomach

Explanation

Ghrelin is a hormone that stimulates appetite and is primarily secreted by the stomach. It plays a key role in initiating the process of eating by signaling hunger to the brain. Insulin, on the other hand, is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels and has no direct role in initiating eating. The hypothalamus is a region in the brain that controls various bodily functions, including appetite regulation, but it does not directly secrete ghrelin or insulin. CCK, another hormone, is involved in regulating digestion but does not play a primary role in initiating eating. Therefore, the correct answer is Ghrelin; stomach.

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4.

Our short-term fuel reservior is contained in cells located within the

Adipose tissue
Stomach
Liver and muscles
Pancreas
Duodenum

Correct Answer

A. Liver and muscles

Explanation

The correct answer is liver and muscles. The liver and muscles store glycogen, which is a form of glucose, as a short-term fuel reservoir. When the body needs energy, glycogen is broken down into glucose and released into the bloodstream to be used by the cells. This allows the body to maintain a steady supply of fuel for immediate energy needs. The liver and muscles are the primary storage sites for glycogen, making them essential for short-term fuel storage.

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5.

All of the following statements about CCK are true EXCEPT that

It inhibits gastric contractions
The site of action of CCK is directly on neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus
It stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and pylorus
It inhibits eating
That the blood level of CCK is related to the fat content of a meal

Correct Answer

A. The site of action of CCK is directly on neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus

Explanation

CCK, or cholecystokinin, is a hormone that is involved in the regulation of digestion and appetite. It is released by the small intestine in response to the presence of fat and protein in the digestive system. CCK stimulates the contraction of the gallbladder and pylorus, which helps with the digestion and absorption of nutrients. It also inhibits gastric contractions, which slows down the emptying of the stomach. Additionally, CCK inhibits eating by acting on the brain to reduce appetite. The blood level of CCK is indeed related to the fat content of a meal, as it is released in response to the presence of fat in the digestive system. However, the site of action of CCK is not directly on neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus.

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6.

Which of the following is a strong stimulus for producing osmometric thirst?

Evaporation from the lungs during the winter months
Vomiting during illness
Loss of blood after an automobile trauma
Ingestion of a bag of salted potato chips
A and B are correct

Correct Answer

A. Ingestion of a bag of salted potato chips

Explanation

Ingestion of a bag of salted potato chips is a strong stimulus for producing osmometric thirst because the high salt content in the chips increases the osmolarity of the blood. This increase in osmolarity is detected by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus, which then trigger the thirst response to restore the body's fluid balance.

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7.

An aqueous solution whose solute concentration is less than that of the intracellular fluid is termed

Cytoplasmic
Isotonic
Hypovolemic
Hypertonic
Hypotonic

Correct Answer

A. Hypotonic

Explanation

An aqueous solution whose solute concentration is less than that of the intracellular fluid is termed hypotonic. In a hypotonic solution, there is a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell compared to inside the cell. This causes water to move into the cell through osmosis, leading to cell swelling or potentially bursting if the solution is extremely hypotonic.

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8.

The two stimuli that evoke hypovolemic thirst are and .

Lack of renin in the blood; lack of AII in the blood
Loss of intracellular water; reduced stimulation of atrial baroreceptor
Increased sodium within the preoptic region; loss of intracellular water
Reduced blood flow to the kidneys; reduced stimulation of atrial baroreceptors
Increased blood flow to the kidneys; lack of renin in the blood

Correct Answer

A. Reduced blood flow to the kidneys; reduced stimulation of atrial baroreceptors

Explanation

The correct answer is "Reduced blood flow to the kidneys; reduced stimulation of atrial baroreceptors." When there is reduced blood flow to the kidneys, it can lead to decreased filtration and increased reabsorption of water, which triggers the sensation of thirst. Additionally, reduced stimulation of atrial baroreceptors, which are pressure-sensitive cells in the heart, can also contribute to hypovolemic thirst. These baroreceptors detect changes in blood volume and pressure, and when they are not adequately stimulated, it can trigger the release of hormones that signal thirst.

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9.

Angiotensin II stimulates drinking by acting on cells within the

Kidney
Nucleus of the solitary tract
Lateral Hypothalamus
Subfornical organ
Atria of the heart

Correct Answer

A. Subfornical organ

Explanation

Angiotensin II is a hormone that plays a role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. The subfornical organ is a region in the brain that lacks a blood-brain barrier and is sensitive to changes in blood composition. It has been shown that angiotensin II can stimulate neurons in the subfornical organ, leading to increased drinking behavior. Therefore, the correct answer is the subfornical organ.

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10.

Damage to the _________ abolishes glucoprovic and lipoprivic eating.

Area postrema
Nucleus Accumbens
Nucleus of the solitary tract
Ventromedial Hypothalamus
A and C are correct

Correct Answer

A. A and C are correct

Explanation

Damage to the Area postrema and the Nucleus of the solitary tract abolishes glucoprovic and lipoprivic eating.

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Section 3 - Quiz On Eating And Drinking

The ob mouse becomes obese because it lacks the gene that normally produces

Quiz Preview

Osmoreceptors are specialized neurons that detect

Eating is initiated by the secretion of from the _

Our short-term fuel reservior is contained in cells located within the

All of the following statements about CCK are true EXCEPT that

Which of the following is a strong stimulus for producing osmometric thirst?

An aqueous solution whose solute concentration is less than that of the intracellular fluid is termed

The two stimuli that evoke hypovolemic thirst are and .

Angiotensin II stimulates drinking by acting on cells within the

Damage to the _________ abolishes glucoprovic and lipoprivic eating.

Section 3 - Quiz On Eating And Drinking

The ob mouse becomes obese because it lacks the gene that normally produces

Quiz Preview

Osmoreceptors are specialized neurons that detect

Eating is initiated by the secretion of __________ from the ___________

Our short-term fuel reservior is contained in cells located within the

All of the following statements about CCK are true EXCEPT that

Which of the following is a strong stimulus for producing osmometric thirst?

An aqueous solution whose solute concentration is less than that of the intracellular fluid is termed

The two stimuli that evoke hypovolemic thirst are ________and ________.

Angiotensin II stimulates drinking by acting on cells within the

Damage to the _________ abolishes glucoprovic and lipoprivic eating.

Eating is initiated by the secretion of from the _

The two stimuli that evoke hypovolemic thirst are and .