6th Grade Science Chapter 13 Controlling Body Processes
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The role of the nervous system is to receive information about what is happening both inside and outside the body. It directs how the body ________ to this information. In addition, the nervous system helps maintain ________.
About This Quiz
Every organ in the body have a specific function. These organs have mechanisms that ensure they meet their objectives correctly. In chapter 13 of the 6th grade science, we got to cover much on controlling of body processes and its elements. How much do you actually recall? Take up the quiz below and get to find out!
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- 2.
Any change or signal in the environment that an organism can recognize and react to is called a ________.
Explanation
A stimulus refers to any change or signal in the environment that an organism can recognize and react to. This can include various factors such as temperature, light, sound, touch, or chemical substances. Organisms have sensory receptors that detect these stimuli and transmit the information to the brain or nervous system, prompting a response or reaction. Stimuli play a crucial role in the survival and adaptation of organisms, as they provide valuable information about their surroundings and help them make appropriate behavioral or physiological adjustments.Rate this question:
- 3.
After your nervous system analyzes a stimulus, it directs a ________, which is a reaction to a stimulus.
Explanation
After your nervous system analyzes a stimulus, it directs a response, which is a reaction to a stimulus. The nervous system receives information from the environment through the senses, processes it, and then sends out signals to produce a response. This response can be in the form of a physical action, such as moving away from danger, or a physiological reaction, such as increased heart rate or sweating. The response is the outcome of the nervous system's interpretation and processing of the stimulus, allowing organisms to adapt and interact with their surroundings.Rate this question:
- 4.
All of the following are parts of the nervous system EXCEPT:
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Brain
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Spinal cord
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Blood
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Nerves
Correct Answer
A. BloodExplanation
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body to coordinate and regulate bodily functions. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. While blood is an essential component of the circulatory system, it is not considered a part of the nervous system. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to different parts of the body, but it does not play a direct role in transmitting electrical signals like the other components of the nervous system do.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Individual nerve cells that carry information through your nervous system are called ________.
Correct Answer
neuronsExplanation
Neurons are individual nerve cells that transmit information throughout the nervous system. They are specialized cells that receive, process, and transmit electrical signals, allowing for communication within the body. Neurons have a unique structure, including a cell body, dendrites to receive signals, and an axon to transmit signals to other neurons or target cells. These cells play a crucial role in coordinating and controlling various bodily functions, including sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive processes.Rate this question:
- 6.
The message that a neuron caries is called a ________. These may occur as either electrical or chemical signals.
Correct Answer
nerve impulseExplanation
A neuron carries a message known as a nerve impulse. This impulse can be transmitted as either electrical or chemical signals.Rate this question:
- 7.
Most sensory neurons are located in your brain.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
This statement is false. Sensory neurons are not located in the brain, but rather in sensory organs such as the eyes, ears, nose, and skin. These neurons detect and transmit sensory information from the environment to the brain for processing and interpretation. The brain itself contains interneurons, which integrate and process the sensory information received from the sensory neurons.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Most interneurons are located in your brain.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Interneurons are a type of neuron that primarily function within the central nervous system, including the brain. They act as bridges between sensory and motor neurons, facilitating communication and processing of information within the brain. Therefore, it is accurate to say that most interneurons are located in the brain.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Motor neurons gather information about what is happening in and around the body.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
Motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands in the body, rather than gathering information about what is happening in and around the body. This role is performed by sensory neurons, which gather information from sensory receptors and transmit it to the central nervous system. Therefore, the given statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which type of neuron gathers information about what is happening in and around the body?
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Sensory neuron
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Interneuron
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Motor neuron
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All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Sensory neuronExplanation
Sensory neurons are responsible for gathering information about what is happening in and around the body. They receive signals from sensory receptors and transmit them to the central nervous system for processing. These neurons play a crucial role in our ability to perceive and respond to the environment. Interneurons, on the other hand, facilitate communication between sensory and motor neurons, while motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands, enabling movement and bodily functions. Therefore, the correct answer is sensory neuron.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The ________ is the largest organ of the nervous system as well as the control center of the central nervous system.
Correct Answer
brainExplanation
The brain is the largest organ of the nervous system and serves as the control center for the central nervous system. It is responsible for coordinating and regulating all bodily functions, as well as processing and interpreting sensory information. The brain is composed of billions of neurons that transmit electrical signals, allowing for communication and coordination throughout the body.Rate this question:
- 12.
The ________ is a thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to the peripheral nervous system.
Correct Answer
spinal cordExplanation
The spinal cord is a thick column of nervous tissue that connects the brain to the peripheral nervous system. It is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain and sending motor commands from the brain to the body. The spinal cord also coordinates reflexes, such as pulling your hand away from a hot surface without conscious thought. Overall, the spinal cord plays a crucial role in facilitating communication between the brain and the rest of the body.Rate this question:
- 13.
All of the following are regions of the brain EXCEPT:
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Cerebrum
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Cerebellum
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Medulla (brainstem)
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Motor neuron
Correct Answer
A. Motor neuronExplanation
The question asks for regions of the brain, and the cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla are all regions of the brain. However, a motor neuron is not a region of the brain but rather a type of nerve cell that carries signals from the brain to muscles and glands.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which area of the brain controls voluntary movements and the senses, such as taste, touch, vision (sight) hearing, smelling, and speech.
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Cerebellum
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Cerebrum
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Brainstem
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Medulla
Correct Answer
A. CerebrumExplanation
The cerebrum is the correct answer because it is the largest part of the brain and is responsible for controlling voluntary movements and processing sensory information such as taste, touch, vision, hearing, smelling, and speech. It is divided into two hemispheres and is involved in higher cognitive functions such as reasoning, problem-solving, and memory. The cerebrum plays a crucial role in coordinating and integrating various sensory inputs and motor outputs, allowing us to interact with our environment and perform complex tasks.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which area of the brain processes sensory information from your body, such as from skeletal muscles and joints?
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Medulla
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Cerebrum
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Interneurons
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Cerebellum
Correct Answer
A. CerebellumExplanation
The cerebellum is responsible for processing sensory information from the body, particularly from skeletal muscles and joints. It plays a crucial role in coordinating and controlling voluntary movements, balance, and posture. This region of the brain receives input from sensory receptors and sends signals to other parts of the brain and spinal cord to ensure smooth and coordinated movements.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which area of the brain controls blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, and "normal" involuntary breathing?
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Cerebrum
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Medulla
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Cerebellum
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Skull
Correct Answer
A. MedullaExplanation
The medulla is a part of the brainstem that controls various vital functions such as blood pressure, body temperature, heart rate, and involuntary breathing. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating these autonomic processes. The cerebrum is responsible for higher cognitive functions, the cerebellum for coordination and balance, and the skull is the protective bony structure surrounding the brain.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The ________ nervous system is a network of nerves that branches out from the central nervous system and connects it to the rest of the body.
Correct Answer
peripheralExplanation
The peripheral nervous system is a network of nerves that extends from the central nervous system and links it to the rest of the body. It consists of sensory and motor neurons that transmit signals between the brain, spinal cord, and the body's organs, muscles, and tissues. This system is responsible for relaying information from the external environment to the central nervous system and coordinating motor responses.Rate this question:
- 18.
The peripheral nervous system is involved in both involuntary (uncontrolled) and voluntary (controlled) actions.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the central nervous system and the rest of the body. It consists of nerves and ganglia outside of the brain and spinal cord. It controls both involuntary actions, such as the beating of the heart and digestion, as well as voluntary actions, such as movement of the limbs and speaking. Therefore, the statement that the peripheral nervous system is involved in both involuntary and voluntary actions is true.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The peripheral nervous system has 2 groups of nerves that make up the ________ nervous system and the ________ nervous system.
Correct Answer
somatic, autonomic
autonomic, somaticExplanation
The peripheral nervous system consists of two groups of nerves: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and transmits sensory information to the central nervous system. On the other hand, the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing. The correct answer is "somatic, autonomic."Rate this question:
- 20.
A ________ is an autonomic response that occurs rapidly without conscious control.
Correct Answer
reflexExplanation
A reflex is an autonomic response that occurs rapidly without conscious control. This means that when a certain stimulus is detected by sensory receptors, the body automatically responds by initiating a reflex action, such as pulling your hand away from a hot surface without consciously deciding to do so. This response is involuntary and happens without conscious thought or decision-making. Reflexes are important for the body's survival and protection, allowing quick and automatic reactions to potential dangers or threats.Rate this question:
- 21.
Because the lens bends light rays, it produces an upside down image.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that when light passes through a lens, it is refracted or bent. This bending of light causes the image formed by the lens to be upside down. This phenomenon is a result of the way the lens focuses the light rays. Therefore, it is true that a lens produces an upside down image due to the bending of light rays.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The optic nerve turns the image right side up and combines the images from both eyes to produce a single image.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The optic nerve does not turn the image right side up or combine the images from both eyes. The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain, but it does not have the capability to manipulate or combine images. This task is performed by the brain itself, specifically the visual cortex, which processes the information received from each eye and integrates them into a single coherent image. Therefore, the statement is false.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Taste and smell receptors work together. Both depend on ________ in the air or in food.
Correct Answer
chemicalsExplanation
Taste and smell receptors are closely linked and rely on the presence of chemicals in the air or in food to function properly. These receptors detect specific chemical molecules and send signals to the brain, allowing us to perceive different tastes and smells. Without the presence of chemicals, our taste and smell receptors would not be able to detect any stimuli, resulting in a loss of these senses.Rate this question:
- 24.
All of the following are the 4 main taste sensations EXCEPT:
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Savory
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Sweet
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Sour
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Salty
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Bitter
Correct Answer
A. SavoryExplanation
Savory is not considered one of the four main taste sensations. The four main taste sensations are sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. Savory, also known as umami, is often described as a meaty or savory taste, but it is not classified as one of the four main tastes.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Your tongue is covered with tiny bumps called ________, most of which contain taste buds.
Correct Answer
papillaeExplanation
The correct answer is "papillae" because papillae are small bumps on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds. These taste buds are responsible for detecting different tastes such as sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. The papillae increase the surface area of the tongue, allowing for a greater number of taste buds and enhancing the ability to taste and distinguish different flavors.Rate this question:
- 26.
An ________ cell is a nerve cell that responds to chemical molecules in the air.
Correct Answer
olfactoryExplanation
An olfactory cell is a nerve cell that responds to chemical molecules in the air. This type of cell is responsible for our sense of smell and is located in the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity. When chemical molecules enter the nose, they bind to receptors on olfactory cells, triggering nerve impulses that are then transmitted to the brain for interpretation. Olfactory cells play a crucial role in our ability to detect and distinguish different smells.Rate this question:
- 27.
Most sounds are caused by the vibrations of air particles.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Sound is a form of energy that travels as waves through a medium, such as air. When an object vibrates, it causes the air particles around it to vibrate as well. These vibrations create a disturbance in the air, which then propagates as sound waves. Therefore, most sounds are indeed caused by the vibrations of air particles.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Sound is carried as ________.
Correct Answer
waves, waveExplanation
Sound is carried as waves. Sound waves are longitudinal waves that travel through a medium, such as air or water. These waves are created when an object vibrates, causing the air particles around it to also vibrate. These vibrations then travel through the medium, carrying the sound energy with them. The wavelength and frequency of the sound waves determine the pitch and volume of the sound. Therefore, it can be said that sound is carried as waves.Rate this question:
- 29.
________ are the sense organs that convert sound waves into nerve impulses that your brain interprets.
Correct Answer
Ears, earsExplanation
The sense organs that convert sound waves into nerve impulses that your brain interprets are the ears. The ears receive sound waves through the outer ear, which then travel through the ear canal and vibrate the eardrum. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where the tiny bones amplify them and send them to the inner ear. In the inner ear, the cochlea converts the vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the auditory nerve. The brain then processes these signals and interprets them as sound.Rate this question:
- 30.
All of our touch receptors are located in the ________.
Correct Answer
dermisExplanation
The dermis is the layer of skin that contains all of our touch receptors. These receptors, known as mechanoreceptors, are responsible for detecting and transmitting the sensation of touch to the brain. They are located within the dermis, which is the second layer of the skin, beneath the outermost layer called the epidermis. The dermis is rich in nerve endings and blood vessels, making it the primary site for touch perception.Rate this question:
- 31.
The dermis is the outer layer of skin.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The given statement is false. The dermis is not the outer layer of skin. It is actually the middle layer of the skin, located between the epidermis (outer layer) and the subcutaneous tissue (innermost layer). The dermis contains various structures such as blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.Rate this question:
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- 32.
________ can be one of your most important sensations because it alerts you to danger.
Correct Answer
Pain, painExplanation
Pain can be one of your most important sensations because it alerts you to danger. It serves as a warning signal from the body that something is wrong or harmful. Pain prompts us to take immediate action to protect ourselves and prevent further harm or injury. It plays a crucial role in survival by signaling potential threats and prompting us to seek safety or medical attention.Rate this question:
- 33.
The endocrine system regulates short-term and long-term activities by sending hormones, which are ________, throughout the body.
Correct Answer
chemicalsExplanation
The endocrine system regulates short-term and long-term activities by sending hormones throughout the body. Hormones are chemical messengers that are produced by various glands in the endocrine system. These chemicals are released into the bloodstream and travel to target cells or organs, where they regulate and coordinate a wide range of physiological processes. Therefore, the correct answer is "chemicals".Rate this question:
- 34.
A ________ is an organ that produces or releases a chemical.
Correct Answer
glandExplanation
A gland is an organ that produces or releases a chemical. Glands are responsible for secreting hormones, enzymes, and other substances that are essential for various bodily functions. They can be found throughout the body, including in the endocrine system, digestive system, and reproductive system. Glands play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and regulating essential processes such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction.Rate this question:
- 35.
The endocrine glands produce and release chemicals directly into the:
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Brain
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Nerves
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Bloodstream
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Pancreas
Correct Answer
A. BloodstreamExplanation
The endocrine glands produce and release chemicals, known as hormones, directly into the bloodstream. These hormones are then transported throughout the body, allowing them to reach their target organs or cells and exert their specific effects. The bloodstream serves as a crucial pathway for the distribution of hormones, ensuring that they can reach their intended destinations and regulate various physiological processes in the body.Rate this question:
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- 36.
A chemical produced by an endocrine gland is called a ________.
Correct Answer
hormoneExplanation
A chemical produced by an endocrine gland is called a hormone. Hormones are signaling molecules that are secreted directly into the bloodstream by endocrine glands. They travel through the bloodstream to target cells or organs, where they regulate various physiological processes and maintain homeostasis in the body. Hormones play a vital role in growth, development, metabolism, reproduction, and many other functions in the body.Rate this question:
- 37.
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel in the ________. They turn on, turn off, speed up, or slow down the activities of organs and tissues.
Correct Answer
blood, bloodstreamExplanation
Hormones are chemical messengers that travel in the blood or bloodstream. They have the ability to regulate and control the activities of organs and tissues. By being carried in the blood, hormones can reach their target cells and exert their effects on them, either turning on or off certain processes, or speeding up or slowing down their activities. Thus, the presence of hormones in the blood is essential for their proper functioning and communication with various parts of the body.Rate this question:
- 38.
Hormones act quickly. In contrast, nerve impulses from the brain usually cause a slower, longer lasting response.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because hormones actually act more slowly compared to nerve impulses. Hormones are chemical messengers that are released into the bloodstream and travel to target cells, where they bind to specific receptors and initiate a response. This process takes time and can result in a longer-lasting effect. In contrast, nerve impulses are electrical signals that travel rapidly along nerve fibers, allowing for quick and immediate responses.Rate this question:
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- 39.
________ (produced in the adrenal gland and also known as epinephrine) speeds up your heart rate and breathing rate.
Correct Answer
Adrenaline, adrenalineExplanation
Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone produced in the adrenal gland that increases heart rate and breathing rate.Rate this question:
- 40.
The fight or flight response occurs when adrenaline speeds up your heart rate and breathing rate. It kicks in when you are angry, frightened or excited.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The fight or flight response is a natural physiological reaction that occurs when we perceive a threat or danger. It triggers the release of adrenaline, which increases heart rate and breathing rate, preparing the body for action. This response can be triggered not only by fear or anger but also by excitement or any intense emotional state. Therefore, the given statement is true as it accurately describes the fight or flight response and its triggers.Rate this question:
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- 41.
________ cells are cells that are specialized in a way that enables them to recognize a hormone's chemical structure.
Correct Answer
Target, targetExplanation
The term "target cells" refers to cells that have specific receptors on their surface that enable them to recognize and respond to a particular hormone. These receptors are designed to recognize the chemical structure of the hormone and initiate a cellular response accordingly. Therefore, target cells are specialized in a way that allows them to identify and interact with hormones.Rate this question:
- 42.
Hormones travel in the blood until they find their target cells.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system. Once released into the bloodstream, they circulate throughout the body until they reach their specific target cells. These target cells have receptors that are designed to recognize and bind with specific hormones, allowing them to carry out their intended functions. Therefore, it is true that hormones travel in the blood until they find their target cells.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The ________ system works like a thermostat.
Correct Answer
endocrineExplanation
The endocrine system works like a thermostat because it helps regulate and maintain the body's internal environment. Similar to how a thermostat senses and adjusts the temperature in a room, the endocrine system senses changes in the body and releases hormones to regulate various bodily functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. This system helps maintain homeostasis and ensure that the body's systems are functioning properly.Rate this question:
- 44.
The endocrine system uses a process called ________ in which the system is turned off by the condition it produces.
Correct Answer
negative feedbackExplanation
The endocrine system uses negative feedback, a process in which the system is turned off by the condition it produces. Negative feedback helps maintain homeostasis by regulating hormone levels. When hormone levels reach a certain threshold, they signal the endocrine system to decrease or stop hormone production, preventing an overproduction or imbalance. This feedback loop ensures that hormone levels remain within a narrow range, allowing the body to function properly.Rate this question:
- 45.
When the amount of a hormone in the blood reaches a certain level, the endocrine system sends signals that stop the release of that hormone.
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When the amount of a hormone in the blood reaches a certain level, the endocrine system sends signals that stop the release of that hormone. This is true because the endocrine system functions through a negative feedback mechanism. When hormone levels reach a certain threshold, the endocrine system detects this and sends signals to halt the release of that hormone. This helps maintain homeostasis and prevents excessive levels of hormones in the body.Rate this question:
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