Science Of Nutriton Exam 1
Science of nutrition dealing with vitamins, nutrition assessment, and diet plans
Questions and Answers
- 1.
If a dietitain investigates your socieconomic status and financial availablity, what nutritonal assessment is he/she using?
- A.
Historical Information
- B.
Anthropometric data
- C.
Physical examinations
- D.
Lab tests
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Historical InformationExplanation
The dietitian is using historical information as a nutritional assessment when investigating the individual's socioeconomic status and financial availability. This information helps the dietitian understand the individual's background, lifestyle, and resources, which can have a significant impact on their dietary choices and overall nutrition. By considering historical information, the dietitian can tailor their recommendations and interventions to better meet the individual's needs and circumstances.Rate this question:
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- 2.
If a person is suffering from weight loss and bleeding gums, they are:
- A.
Malnutrition
- B.
Undernutriton
- C.
Overnutrition
- D.
Healthy nutrition
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. UndernutritonExplanation
The person is suffering from undernutrition because weight loss and bleeding gums are common symptoms of inadequate nutrition. Undernutrition occurs when the body does not receive enough essential nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, and proteins, leading to various health problems.Rate this question:
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- 3.
If more energy is consumed than expended
- A.
It used as energy for low supply
- B.
You loss weight
- C.
It stores as fat
- D.
You gain weight
- E.
Refreshes energy
Correct Answer
C. It stores as fatExplanation
When more energy is consumed than expended, the excess energy is stored as fat in the body. This is because the body has a mechanism to store excess energy for future use. This can lead to weight gain over time if the excess energy intake continues.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is an essential nutrient?
- A.
Folate, protein and vitamin K
- B.
Zinc, sodium, and iodide
- C.
Protein, carbohydrate and fat
- D.
Carbohydrate, water, and calcium
Correct Answer
A. Folate, protein and vitamin KExplanation
Folate, protein, and vitamin K are essential nutrients because they play crucial roles in maintaining overall health and well-being. Folate is important for DNA synthesis and cell division, while protein is necessary for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and bone health. These nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body in sufficient amounts and must be obtained through diet. Therefore, consuming foods rich in folate, protein, and vitamin K is vital for proper bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The body begins to used iron as storage, what level of deficiency is this?
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Teritary
- D.
Subclinical
Correct Answer
D. SubclinicalExplanation
When the body starts using iron as storage, it indicates a subclinical deficiency. Subclinical deficiency refers to a condition where the body's iron stores are being depleted, but it has not yet reached a level where it causes noticeable symptoms or meets the criteria for a clinical diagnosis. This stage is considered a precursor to developing more severe forms of iron deficiency, such as primary, secondary, or tertiary deficiency.Rate this question:
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- 6.
This person's symptoms can be overlooked and other diseases so they are:
- A.
Deficiency
- B.
Malnutrition
- C.
Overnutrition
- D.
Undernutrition
Correct Answer
B. MalnutritionExplanation
Malnutrition refers to a condition where a person's diet lacks essential nutrients, either due to an insufficient intake or poor absorption. This can result in various symptoms that may be overlooked or attributed to other diseases. It can occur due to both undernutrition, where a person does not consume enough nutrients, and overnutrition, where a person consumes an excess of unhealthy foods lacking in essential nutrients. Therefore, malnutrition is the correct answer as it encompasses both possibilities of overlooked symptoms due to deficiencies or excesses in nutrient intake.Rate this question:
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- 7.
This assessment is put into used if RDA is not determined
- A.
DRI
- B.
EAR
- C.
UL
- D.
EER
- E.
AI
Correct Answer
E. AIExplanation
The AI (Adequate Intake) is used as a reference value for nutrient intake when the RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) is not determined. The AI is based on observed or experimentally determined estimates of nutrient intake by a group of healthy people and is used as a guide for individuals to meet their nutrient needs. It is important to note that the AI is not a specific target for individuals, but rather a general recommendation for nutrient intake.Rate this question:
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- 8.
This data measures height and weight
- A.
Physical data
- B.
Anthropometric data
- C.
Lab data
- D.
Nutritonal data
Correct Answer
B. Anthropometric dataExplanation
Anthropometric data refers to the measurements of the human body, such as height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). This type of data is commonly used in fields like healthcare, nutrition, and ergonomics to assess physical characteristics and monitor changes in health and growth. Since the given data specifically mentions height and weight, it aligns with the concept of anthropometric data.Rate this question:
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- 9.
This serves as a basis of comparsions and experimental group.
- A.
Variable
- B.
Control
- C.
Group
- D.
Hypothesis
Correct Answer
B. ControlExplanation
The correct answer is "control". In scientific experiments, a control group is used as a basis of comparison to evaluate the effects of the independent variable. It is a group that is not exposed to the variable being tested, allowing researchers to compare the results with the experimental group that is exposed to the variable. The control group helps to determine if any observed effects are due to the independent variable or other factors.Rate this question:
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- 10.
If a person eyes show a yellowish color, this sign is classified as
- A.
Subclinical
- B.
Crypt
- C.
Covert
- D.
Overt
Correct Answer
D. OvertExplanation
If a person's eyes show a yellowish color, it indicates a visible or obvious sign of a condition. The term "overt" refers to something that is easily noticeable or apparent. In this case, the yellowish color in the person's eyes is a clear and visible symptom, making the correct answer "overt".Rate this question:
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- 11.
IF a person's usual intake falls above the RDA, the intake is
- A.
Adequate
- B.
Adequate because RDA covers needs of all people
- C.
Inadequate
- D.
Inadequate because chances are greater
- E.
RDA is adequate
Correct Answer
B. Adequate because RDA covers needs of all peopleExplanation
The correct answer is "adequate because RDA covers needs of all people." This answer suggests that if a person's usual intake falls above the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA), it is considered adequate because the RDA is designed to meet the nutritional needs of the general population. This implies that the person is consuming enough nutrients to meet their requirements and maintain good health.Rate this question:
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- 12.
If the usual intake falls below EAR, it is probably
- A.
More difficult to assess
- B.
Easier to assess
- C.
The same
- D.
Inadequate
- E.
Adequate
Correct Answer
D. InadequateExplanation
If the usual intake falls below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), it is likely to be inadequate. This means that the current intake of nutrients is not enough to meet the body's needs. Inadequate intake can lead to various health problems and deficiencies. Therefore, if the usual intake is below the EAR, it is important to make dietary changes and ensure a more adequate intake of nutrients.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The inorganic nutrients are:
- A.
Proteins nd fats
- B.
Vitamins and minerals
- C.
Minerals and water
- D.
Vitamins and proteins
Correct Answer
C. Minerals and waterExplanation
The correct answer is minerals and water. Inorganic nutrients are essential substances that cannot be synthesized by the body and are required for various physiological functions. Proteins and fats are organic nutrients, while vitamins can be either organic or inorganic. Minerals, such as calcium, iron, and potassium, are inorganic nutrients that are needed in small amounts for proper body functioning. Water is also an inorganic nutrient that is vital for hydration, nutrient transport, and waste removal in the body.Rate this question:
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- 14.
The more vitamin C, the more colds. This is an example of:
- A.
Negative correlation
- B.
Positive correlation
- C.
Variable
- D.
Control
Correct Answer
B. Positive correlationExplanation
This statement suggests that there is a positive relationship between the amount of vitamin C consumed and the occurrence of colds. In other words, as the intake of vitamin C increases, the number of colds also increases. This implies that there may be a causal relationship between the two variables, indicating that higher levels of vitamin C intake may lead to a higher susceptibility to colds.Rate this question:
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- 15.
An experiement in which neither the researchers nor the stubjects know who is receiving the treatment is knowns as:
- A.
Double control
- B.
Blind variable
- C.
A double blind
- D.
Placebo control
Correct Answer
A. Double controlExplanation
A double blind experiment is one in which neither the researchers nor the subjects know who is receiving the treatment. This is done to eliminate any bias or influence that the researchers or subjects may have on the results. By keeping both parties unaware of who is receiving the treatment, the experiment can be conducted in a more objective and unbiased manner.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Why isn't alcohol considered a nutrient?
- A.
Lacks energy balance
- B.
Yields energy
- C.
Interferes with growth and repair of the body
- D.
Only contribute energy to certain parts of the body
Correct Answer
C. Interferes with growth and repair of the bodyExplanation
Alcohol is not considered a nutrient because it interferes with the growth and repair of the body. While it does yield energy, it lacks energy balance and only contributes energy to certain parts of the body. Unlike essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, alcohol does not provide any necessary substances for the body's growth, maintenance, and repair. Instead, it can have detrimental effects on various bodily functions and can hinder the body's ability to heal and develop properly.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The body can make some nutrients, but it cannot make all of them
- A.
Nonessential nutrients
- B.
Essential nutrients
- C.
Inorganic nutrients
- D.
Organic nutrients
Correct Answer
B. Essential nutrientsExplanation
Essential nutrients are substances that the body needs for normal functioning but cannot produce on its own. These nutrients must be obtained from the diet. While the body can synthesize some nutrients, such as certain amino acids and vitamin D, there are others that it cannot produce, such as certain vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids. These essential nutrients play crucial roles in various bodily functions, including energy production, growth, and maintenance of overall health.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The micronutrients are:
- A.
Parts of fats and proteins
- B.
Water
- C.
Vitamins and minerals
- D.
Carbs, fats, and proteins
- E.
None
Correct Answer
C. Vitamins and mineralsExplanation
Micronutrients refer to essential nutrients that are required by the body in small amounts for proper functioning. These include vitamins and minerals, which play crucial roles in various bodily processes such as metabolism, immune function, and cell growth. While carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are macronutrients that provide energy, they do not fall under the category of micronutrients.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The average amount of a nutrient that will maintian a specific biochemical or physiological function in half the healthy people of a given age and gender group.
- A.
EAR
- B.
DRI
- C.
RDA
- D.
EI
- E.
AI
Correct Answer
A. EARExplanation
The answer is EAR, which stands for Estimated Average Requirement. It represents the average amount of a nutrient that is needed to maintain a specific function in half of the healthy individuals within a particular age and gender group. The EAR is used as a basis for setting dietary reference values and is an important tool in determining the nutrient needs of a population.Rate this question:
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- 20.
This reflects the average amount of a nutrient that a group of healty people consume instead of RDA
- A.
EAR
- B.
RDA
- C.
AI
- D.
EER
- E.
None
Correct Answer
C. AIExplanation
The AI (Adequate Intake) reflects the average amount of a nutrient that a group of healthy people consume instead of RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance). The RDA is the amount of a nutrient that is sufficient to meet the dietary needs of nearly all individuals in a specific age and gender group. The AI is used when there is not enough scientific evidence to establish an RDA. It is an approximation of the nutrient intake that is likely to be adequate for most individuals in the group.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Fat contributes what percentage of intake
- A.
45-65%
- B.
20-35%
- C.
10-35%
- D.
1-10%
- E.
None
Correct Answer
B. 20-35%Explanation
Fat contributes 20-35% of intake. This means that in a balanced diet, fat should make up around 20-35% of the total daily calorie intake. Consuming the right amount of fat is important for maintaining overall health and providing essential nutrients. However, excessive intake of fat can lead to weight gain and other health issues, so it is crucial to consume fat in moderation and choose healthier sources of fat such as nuts, seeds, avocados, and olive oil.Rate this question:
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- 22.
This average requirement maintains energy balance and good health in a person of given age, gender, and so on.
- A.
UL
- B.
EER
- C.
DRI
- D.
RDA
- E.
AI
Correct Answer
B. EERExplanation
The EER (Estimated Energy Requirement) is the correct answer because it refers to the average requirement of energy intake that maintains energy balance and good health in a person of a specific age, gender, and other factors. It takes into account the individual's physical activity level and is used to determine the appropriate caloric intake for maintaining a healthy weight and lifestyle.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Behavior such as smoking, dietary habits, physical activity, and alcohol consumption that influences the development of disease are known as:
- A.
Risk factor
- B.
Chronic causes
- C.
Preventive agents
- D.
Disease descriptors
Correct Answer
A. Risk factorExplanation
Behavior such as smoking, dietary habits, physical activity, and alcohol consumption can increase the likelihood of developing certain diseases. These behaviors are known as risk factors because they contribute to the risk or probability of developing a particular disease. By identifying and addressing these risk factors, individuals can take steps to reduce their chances of developing diseases and improve their overall health.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which nutrient does not provide energy
- A.
Carbohydrates
- B.
Vitamins
- C.
Protein
- D.
Lipids
Correct Answer
B. VitaminsExplanation
Vitamins do not provide energy because they are micronutrients that do not contain calories. While carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are macronutrients that provide energy when consumed, vitamins play a different role in the body, such as aiding in metabolism and supporting various bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Animal sources such as meats, seafood, diarty products, and eggs, supply about two-thirds of the protein intake for most people around the world
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is false because animal sources do not supply about two-thirds of the protein intake for most people around the world. While animal sources are indeed rich in protein, there are many plant-based sources such as legumes, nuts, and seeds that also provide a significant amount of protein. Additionally, vegetarian and vegan diets can meet protein requirements through a combination of plant-based foods. Therefore, animal sources do not exclusively dominate protein intake for most people globally.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Genes direct the growth, development, and maintenance of cells
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Genes contain the instructions for making proteins, which are essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of cells. These proteins play crucial roles in various cellular processes, such as cell division, differentiation, and repair. Therefore, genes indeed direct the growth, development, and maintenance of cells, making the statement "True" accurate.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Anthropometric assessment involves measuring
- A.
Blood pressure
- B.
Enzyme activity
- C.
Skinfold thickness
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Skinfold thicknessExplanation
Anthropometric assessment involves measuring various physical characteristics of the human body to evaluate health and nutrition status. This includes measurements such as height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and skinfold thickness. Skinfold thickness is specifically used to estimate body fat percentage. By measuring the thickness of skinfolds at different sites on the body, it provides an indirect measure of subcutaneous fat, which is important for assessing body composition and overall health. Therefore, the correct answer is skinfold thickness as it is a key component of anthropometric assessment.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Acts as a solvent and lubricant and is a medium for transporting nutrients to cells
Correct Answer
waterExplanation
Water acts as a solvent, meaning it can dissolve a wide range of substances, making it an essential medium for chemical reactions and metabolic processes in cells. It also acts as a lubricant, reducing friction between tissues and organs. Additionally, water plays a crucial role in transporting nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, to cells throughout the body. Overall, water's unique properties make it vital for various physiological functions and maintaining overall health.Rate this question:
- 29.
The FDA publishes the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The FDA does not publish the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The guidelines are actually published jointly by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for healthy eating and are updated every five years to reflect the latest scientific research. The FDA, on the other hand, is responsible for ensuring the safety and labeling of food products, among other things.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which type of vegetables (e.g., kale, bok choy) tend to be good sources of iron, clacium, folic acid, vitamin A and C?
- A.
Starch
- B.
Legumes
- C.
Vegetables with orange flesh
- D.
Dark green vegetables
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. Dark green vegetablesExplanation
Dark green vegetables tend to be good sources of iron, calcium, folic acid, vitamin A, and vitamin C. These vegetables, such as kale and bok choy, are rich in nutrients and provide essential vitamins and minerals that are important for overall health. Iron is necessary for the production of red blood cells, calcium is important for bone health, folic acid is essential for cell growth and development, and vitamins A and C are antioxidants that support the immune system and promote healthy skin and eyes. Therefore, dark green vegetables are a great choice for obtaining these important nutrients.Rate this question:
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- 31.
After absorption the nutrient transported to the liver by:
Correct Answer
portal veinExplanation
After absorption, nutrients from the digestive system are transported to the liver through the portal vein. The portal vein carries blood rich in nutrients from the small intestine to the liver, where the nutrients are processed and distributed to the rest of the body. This allows the liver to regulate the levels of nutrients in the bloodstream and ensure that they are properly metabolized and utilized by the body.Rate this question:
- 32.
_____________ are absorbed in the large intestine.
- A.
Vitamins and minerals
- B.
Vitamins and water
- C.
Fatty acids and minerals
- D.
Water and electrolytes
Correct Answer
B. Vitamins and waterExplanation
Vitamins and water are absorbed in the large intestine. The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes, as well as some vitamins. Water is essential for maintaining hydration and carrying out various bodily functions. Vitamins are organic compounds that are necessary for the proper functioning of the body and are obtained through diet or supplementation. The large intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing these essential nutrients to support overall health and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Because the DNA is not altered, cloned animals are genetically modified.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
The statement is incorrect. Cloned animals are not genetically modified because their DNA is not altered. Cloning involves creating an exact genetic copy of an existing animal by replicating its DNA. The cloned animal will have the same genetic makeup as the original, without any modifications or alterations. Therefore, the correct answer is False.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Food additive use and safety are regulated mainly by the:
- A.
FDA
- B.
USDA
- C.
CDC
- D.
EPA
Correct Answer
A. FDAExplanation
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for regulating food additive use and safety. The FDA ensures that food additives are safe for consumption and do not pose any health risks to the public. They establish guidelines and standards for the use of food additives, conduct safety assessments, and monitor the labeling and advertising of food products. The FDA plays a crucial role in protecting public health and ensuring the safety of the food supply.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Foods labeled and marketed as organic must be grown on farms that are certified by the:
- A.
GRAS
- B.
FDA
- C.
EPA
- D.
USDA
Correct Answer
D. USDAExplanation
Foods labeled and marketed as organic must be grown on farms that are certified by the USDA. The USDA, or the United States Department of Agriculture, is responsible for regulating and certifying organic agricultural practices in the United States. They set the standards and guidelines for organic farming, ensuring that farmers follow strict regulations regarding the use of pesticides, fertilizers, and genetically modified organisms. By requiring certification from the USDA, consumers can trust that organic foods meet specific criteria and have been produced in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Pale skin from iron deficiency is an example of
- A.
Clinical
- B.
Subclinial
- C.
Desirable nutritional status
- D.
Symptom
Correct Answer
B. SubclinialExplanation
Pale skin from iron deficiency is an example of a subclinical symptom. Subclinical symptoms are those that are not severe or obvious enough to be easily noticed or diagnosed. In this case, the pale skin may indicate a lack of iron in the body, but it may not be severe enough to cause significant health problems or be immediately recognizable as a symptom of iron deficiency.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Foods are selected based mainly on_____
- A.
Hunger
- B.
Custom
- C.
Appetite
- D.
Cost
Correct Answer
C. AppetiteExplanation
Foods are selected based mainly on appetite, which refers to the desire or preference for certain types of food. Hunger is the physiological need for food, but appetite is the psychological drive to eat. Custom may influence food choices to some extent, but it is not the main determining factor. Cost can also play a role in food selection, but it is not the primary consideration. Therefore, appetite is the most appropriate answer as it encompasses personal preferences and cravings when choosing what to eat.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Clinical assessment involves measuring_________________.
- A.
Concentrations of nutrients in the blood
- B.
Nutrient content in the diet
- C.
Body circumferences
- D.
Education and ecnomic levels
Correct Answer
A. Concentrations of nutrients in the bloodExplanation
Clinical assessment involves measuring concentrations of nutrients in the blood. This is done to evaluate a person's nutritional status and determine if they have any deficiencies or imbalances in their nutrient levels. By measuring the concentrations of nutrients in the blood, healthcare professionals can assess if a person's diet is providing them with the necessary nutrients for optimal health. This information can then be used to develop appropriate dietary interventions or recommend supplements if needed.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Examples of usual food intake, food allergies and supplements use are apart of what assessments:
- A.
Anthropometric assessment
- B.
Biochemical assessment
- C.
Environmental assessment
- D.
Dietary assessment
Correct Answer
D. Dietary assessmentExplanation
Dietary assessment involves evaluating an individual's usual food intake, including any food allergies and the use of supplements. This assessment helps to understand an individual's dietary habits, nutrient intake, and any potential deficiencies or excesses. By examining the dietary patterns and preferences, healthcare professionals can provide appropriate recommendations for a balanced and healthy diet.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Use to evaluate current intake for a specific nutrient
- A.
DRV
- B.
RDA
- C.
UL
- D.
EER
Correct Answer
B. RDAExplanation
RDA stands for Recommended Dietary Allowance, which is a guideline set by nutrition experts to evaluate the average daily intake of a specific nutrient that is sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of most healthy individuals. It is based on scientific research and takes into account factors such as age, sex, and life stage. The RDA helps individuals and healthcare professionals assess whether their current intake of a nutrient is adequate or if adjustments need to be made to their diet.Rate this question:
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- 41.
10 tp 19% of the DV per reference amount and not used to describe total carbohydrate
- A.
High or excellent source
- B.
Good source
- C.
High-potency
- D.
Healthy
Correct Answer
B. Good sourceExplanation
The correct answer is "Good source" because it indicates that the food contains 10 to 19% of the Daily Value per reference amount. This means that it provides a moderate amount of the nutrient, making it a decent choice for meeting daily nutritional needs. The other options, such as "High or excellent source," "high-potency," and "healthy," do not accurately describe the nutrient content in relation to the Daily Value.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Less than 5kcal per serving
- A.
Low calorie
- B.
Calorie free
- C.
Fewer calories
- D.
Ligh or lite calories
Correct Answer
B. Calorie freeExplanation
The correct answer is "calorie free" because the statement "Less than 5kcal per serving" indicates that the food or drink contains very few calories, possibly even zero calories. Therefore, it can be classified as "calorie free" as it meets the criteria of having an extremely low calorie content.Rate this question:
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- 43.
A diet with enough calcim may reduce risk of osteoporosis is an example of_______________ claims.
- A.
Nutrient content
- B.
Structure
- C.
Health
- D.
Function
Correct Answer
C. HealthExplanation
The given statement suggests that a diet with sufficient calcium can lower the risk of osteoporosis. This statement is related to health claims as it pertains to the potential benefits of a specific nutrient (calcium) on a person's health (reducing the risk of osteoporosis). Health claims typically involve the relationship between a nutrient or food component and a specific health condition or disease.Rate this question:
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- 44.
This daily value is set for vitamins and most minerals.
- A.
DV
- B.
RDI
- C.
RDA
- D.
AI
Correct Answer
B. RDIExplanation
The RDI (Recommended Daily Intake) is a daily value that is set for vitamins and most minerals. It provides guidance on the amount of these nutrients that individuals should consume on a daily basis to meet their nutritional needs. The RDI takes into account various factors such as age, sex, and life stage, and is used as a reference for establishing dietary guidelines and assessing nutrient adequacy in individuals.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The_____ publishes the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
- A.
FDA
- B.
WIC
- C.
ACS
- D.
USDA
Correct Answer
D. USDAExplanation
The USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) publishes the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. These guidelines provide recommendations for healthy eating patterns and help individuals make informed food choices to promote overall health and prevent chronic diseases. The USDA plays a crucial role in providing evidence-based dietary guidance to the public, ensuring the safety and nutritional quality of the nation's food supply.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Subsistence farmers are those who can grow food only for their families_____
- A.
And not sell to income
- B.
With extra to sell to for an income
- C.
With not enough extra to sell for an income
- D.
Selling to lower income
Correct Answer
C. With not enough extra to sell for an incomeExplanation
Subsistence farmers are individuals who are able to cultivate enough food to sustain their own families, but they do not have a surplus to sell in order to generate additional income. This means that they rely solely on the food they grow for their own consumption and do not have the means to engage in commercial farming or trade their produce for financial gain.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Control the flow of stomach contents into the small intestine
- A.
Sphincter of Oddi
- B.
Lower esophageal
- C.
Anal sphincters
- D.
Serosa
Correct Answer
A. Sphincter of OddiExplanation
The sphincter of Oddi is a muscular valve located at the junction of the common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and duodenum. Its main function is to control the flow of bile and pancreatic enzymes into the small intestine. This helps regulate the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The other options mentioned, such as the lower esophageal and anal sphincters, are also important in controlling the flow of substances in the digestive system, but they are not directly involved in the flow of stomach contents into the small intestine.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Pancreas secrets:
- A.
CCK
- B.
Sodium bicarbonate
- C.
Amlyase
- D.
Amypethitc
Correct Answer
B. Sodium bicarbonateExplanation
The correct answer is sodium bicarbonate because the pancreas secretes this substance to help neutralize the acidic chyme coming from the stomach. Sodium bicarbonate acts as a buffer, raising the pH of the chyme to create a more favorable environment for the enzymes in the small intestine to function properly. This secretion helps in the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the intestines.Rate this question:
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- 49.
___________________________ are absorbed in the large intestine.
- A.
Vitamins and minerals
- B.
Vitamins and water
- C.
Fatty acids and minerals
- D.
Water and electrolytes
Correct Answer
B. Vitamins and waterExplanation
Vitamins and water are absorbed in the large intestine. The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes, as well as some vitamins. Water is essential for maintaining hydration and carrying out various bodily functions, while vitamins are necessary for proper growth, development, and overall health. The large intestine plays a crucial role in ensuring that these vital nutrients are absorbed and utilized by the body.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Pesticides introducted into foods are safe for consumption and the envirnoment falls under what reguulat of the GM foods?
- A.
FDA
- B.
USDA
- C.
EPA
- D.
USDA
Correct Answer
C. EPAExplanation
The correct answer is EPA. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating the use of pesticides in foods to ensure their safety for consumption and the environment. The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) primarily regulates the safety of food additives and ingredients, while the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) focuses on the production and labeling of genetically modified (GM) foods. Therefore, the EPA is the appropriate regulatory agency for pesticides in foods.Rate this question:
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