Fall 2016 Bio 1 Midterm Exam Review

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  • 1/104 Questions
    What structure is labeled A? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled A?

    • Cell wall
    • Nucleus
    • Vacuole
    • Endoplasmic reticulum
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About This Quiz

This quiz, titled 'Fall 2016 Bio 1 Midterm Exam Review', assesses foundational concepts in biology and biochemistry, including hypotheses testing, properties of water, and structures of carbon-based molecules. It is designed to evaluate understanding crucial for advanced studies in biological sciences.

Fall 2016 Bio 1 Midterm Exam Review - Quiz

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  • 2. 
    What structure is labeled B? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled B?

    • Cell wall

    • Nucleus

    • Vacuole

    • Chloroplast

    Correct Answer
    A. Chloroplast
    Explanation
    The structure labeled B in the given options is the chloroplast. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that captures sunlight and uses it to produce glucose and oxygen. This organelle is essential for the survival of plants and is not found in other types of cells.

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  • 3. 
    What structure is labeled D? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled D?

    • Nucleus

    • Mitochondrion

    • Rough E.R.

    • Smooth E.R.

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondrion
    Explanation
    Structure D is labeled as mitochondrion. Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles found in eukaryotic cells. They are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used as a source of chemical energy. Mitochondria are involved in various metabolic processes, including the production of ATP through cellular respiration. They also play a role in regulating cell death and are involved in other cellular functions such as calcium storage and signaling.

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  • 4. 
    What structure is labeled E? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled E?

    • Golgi body

    • Mitochondrion

    • Rough E.R.

    • Smooth E.R.

    Correct Answer
    A. Golgi body
    Explanation
    E is labeled as the Golgi body because it is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids that are synthesized by the cell. The Golgi body consists of a series of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae, which are involved in the processing and distribution of these molecules. It plays a crucial role in intracellular transport and secretion of proteins to their final destinations within the cell or outside of it.

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  • 5. 
    What structure is labeled C? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled C?

    • Cell wall

    • Nucleus

    • Vacuole

    • Chloroplast

    Correct Answer
    A. Vacuole
    Explanation
    C is labeled as vacuole because vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles found in the cells of plants, fungi, and some protists. They are responsible for storing water, nutrients, and waste products. Vacuoles also play a role in maintaining the shape and structure of the cell, as well as regulating the cell's internal environment.

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  • 6. 
    What type of cell is this? - ProProfs

    What type of cell is this?

    • Prokaryote

    • Bacterial

    • Animal cell

    • Plant cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Animal cell
    Explanation
    This cell is an animal cell because it lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles, which are characteristics of prokaryotes and plant cells. Animal cells are eukaryotic cells that contain a membrane-bound nucleus and various organelles, such as mitochondria and lysosomes.

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  • 7. 

    Fats, oils, and cholesterol are all types of ___.

    • Hormones.

    • Lipids.

    • Cell membranes.

    • Fatty acids.

    Correct Answer
    A. Lipids.
    Explanation
    Fats, oils, and cholesterol are all types of lipids. Lipids are organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They are an essential component of living cells and play important roles in storing energy, providing insulation, and forming cell membranes. Hormones, cell membranes, and fatty acids are all related to lipids but do not encompass all the types mentioned in the question. Therefore, the correct answer is lipids.

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  • 8. 
    What structure is labeled A? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled A?

    • Nucleus

    • Mitochondrion

    • Rough E.R.

    • Smooth E.R.

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleus
    Explanation
    The structure labeled A is the nucleus. The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains the cell's genetic material, including DNA, and is responsible for controlling the cell's activities by regulating gene expression. The nucleus is often referred to as the "control center" of the cell because it plays a crucial role in cell division, growth, and metabolism.

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  • 9. 
    What type of cell is pictured here? - ProProfs

    What type of cell is pictured here?

    • Prokaryote

    • Eukaryote

    • Plant cell

    • Animal cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Prokaryote
    Explanation
    The picture shows a prokaryote cell. Prokaryote cells are characterized by their lack of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They are typically smaller and simpler in structure compared to eukaryote cells. The absence of a nucleus means that the genetic material is not enclosed within a membrane. Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms, such as bacteria, and can be found in various environments including soil, water, and the human body.

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  • 10. 

    ___ is the measure of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.

    • PH

    • Specific heat

    • Hydronium scale

    • POH

    Correct Answer
    A. pH
    Explanation
    pH is the measure of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution. It indicates the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale of 0 to 14, with 0 being highly acidic, 7 being neutral, and 14 being highly alkaline. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning that each unit represents a tenfold difference in the concentration of hydrogen ions. A lower pH value indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions and thus a more acidic solution, while a higher pH value indicates a lower concentration of hydrogen ions and a more alkaline solution.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following is not found in a plant cell?

    • Mitochondria

    • Chloroplast

    • Golgi apparatus

    • Flagella

    Correct Answer
    A. Flagella
    Explanation
    Flagella are not found in plant cells. Flagella are whip-like structures that are responsible for cell movement. While flagella are present in many types of cells, including some bacteria and animal cells, they are not found in plant cells. Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles, which are not mentioned in the question but are characteristic features of plant cells.

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  • 12. 

    A(n) ___ is a substance made up of the joined atoms of two or more different elements.

    • Compound

    • Element

    • Ion

    • Molecule

    Correct Answer
    A. Compound
    Explanation
    A compound is a substance made up of the joined atoms of two or more different elements. It is formed when atoms of different elements chemically combine together in fixed ratios. Compounds have unique properties that are different from the properties of the individual elements that make them up.

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  • 13. 

    Scientists use observations and data to form and test ___.

    • Constants

    • Hypotheses

    • Theories

    • Conclusions

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypotheses
    Explanation
    Scientists use observations and data to form and test hypotheses. Hypotheses are educated guesses or proposed explanations for a phenomenon based on available evidence. Through careful observation and analysis of data, scientists can develop hypotheses that can be tested through experiments or further observations. This process allows scientists to make predictions and draw conclusions about the natural world.

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  • 14. 

    Many factors should remain unchanged during an experiment. These factors are referred to as  ___.

    • Levels

    • Hypotheses

    • Controlled variables

    • Independent variables

    Correct Answer
    A. Controlled variables
    Explanation
    Controlled variables are the factors that are kept constant or unchanged during an experiment. These variables are carefully controlled in order to isolate the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. By keeping these variables constant, researchers can ensure that any changes observed in the dependent variable are a result of the manipulation of the independent variable and not due to other factors.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following is a major principle upon which cell theory is based?

    • All cells form by free-cell formation.

    • All cells have DNA.

    • All organisms are made of cells.

    • All cells are eukaryotic.

    Correct Answer
    A. All organisms are made of cells.
    Explanation
    The major principle upon which cell theory is based is that all organisms are made of cells. This principle states that cells are the basic units of life and that all living things are composed of one or more cells. This principle was proposed by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in the 19th century and has since been widely accepted in the field of biology. The other options listed are not major principles of cell theory.

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  • 16. 
    What structure is labeled F? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled F?

    • Nucleus

    • Mitochondrion

    • Rough E.R.

    • Centrioles

    Correct Answer
    A. Centrioles
    Explanation
    The structure labeled F is centrioles. Centrioles are small, cylindrical structures found in animal cells that play a crucial role in cell division. They are involved in the formation of the spindle fibers during mitosis and help in the separation of chromosomes. Centrioles are typically found in pairs and are located near the nucleus. They are not present in all cell types and are absent in plant cells.

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  • 17. 

    Which of the following is not part of the Cell Theory?

    • Cells are the smallest unit of life.

    • All cells come from pre-existing cells.

    • All living things are made of cells.

    • Viruses are the smallest type of cell.

    Correct Answer
    A. Viruses are the smallest type of cell.
    Explanation
    The given answer is correct because viruses are not considered cells. They are acellular entities that are smaller and simpler than cells. While cells are the basic structural and functional units of life, viruses are considered non-living because they cannot reproduce or carry out metabolic activities on their own. Therefore, they are not part of the Cell Theory, which states that all living things are made up of cells.

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  • 18. 

    Which of the following is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons?

    • Element

    • Compound

    • Molecule

    • Ion

    Correct Answer
    A. Ion
    Explanation
    An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. When an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged and is called an anion. When an atom loses electrons, it becomes positively charged and is called a cation. Ions play a crucial role in chemical reactions and the formation of compounds. They can easily combine with other ions or atoms to form stable compounds through the process of ionic bonding.

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  • 19. 

    What is the term for the jelly-like substance that is contained insidethe cell membrane?

    • Cytoplasm

    • Nucleus

    • Organelle

    • DNA

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoplasm
    Explanation
    Cytoplasm is the correct answer because it refers to the jelly-like substance that is contained inside the cell membrane. It is a semi-fluid substance that fills the cell and holds all the organelles in place. The cytoplasm is where many cellular processes occur, including metabolism and protein synthesis. The nucleus is the control center of the cell, organelles are specialized structures within the cell, and DNA is the genetic material found within the nucleus.

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  • 20. 

    During telophase the cell membrane begins to "pinch" inward, forming a ___.

    • Cleavage furrow

    • Cell plate

    • Metaphase plate

    • New cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Cleavage furrow
    Explanation
    During telophase, the cell membrane begins to "pinch" inward, forming a cleavage furrow. This is a physical indentation that separates the two daughter cells during cytokinesis in animal cells. The cleavage furrow eventually deepens and splits the cell into two separate cells. The other options, such as cell plate and metaphase plate, are not formed during telophase and are not involved in the process of cytokinesis in animal cells.

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  • 21. 

    The smallest basic unit of matter is the ___.

    • Atom

    • Cell

    • Compound

    • Molecule

    Correct Answer
    A. Atom
    Explanation
    An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter. It is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Atoms combine to form molecules, which are the building blocks of compounds. Cells, on the other hand, are the basic structural and functional units of living organisms, not matter itself. Therefore, the correct answer is atom.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the following is a feature found only in plant cells?

    • Central vacuole

    • Mitochondria

    • Nucleus

    • Centriole

    Correct Answer
    A. Central vacuole
    Explanation
    The central vacuole is a feature found only in plant cells. It is a large, membrane-bound organelle that occupies a significant portion of the cell's volume. The central vacuole stores water, nutrients, and waste products, and also helps maintain turgor pressure, which is important for plant cell structure and support. In contrast, mitochondria, nucleus, and centriole are found in both plant and animal cells. Mitochondria are responsible for energy production, the nucleus contains the cell's genetic material, and centrioles play a role in cell division.

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  • 23. 

    Which organelle is the storehouse for a cell's genetic information?

    • Mitochondrion

    • Chloroplast

    • Centriole

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleus
    Explanation
    The nucleus is the storehouse for a cell's genetic information. It contains the cell's DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's activities and characteristics. The DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes, and the nucleus protects and regulates access to the DNA. This allows the cell to control gene expression and carry out essential cellular processes such as replication, transcription, and translation. The mitochondrion and chloroplast are involved in energy production and have their own DNA, but they do not store the cell's genetic information. The centriole is involved in cell division and does not store genetic information either.

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  • 24. 

    Which phrase best describes rough ER?

    • Studded with ribosomes

    • Protected by vesicles

    • Connected to the Golgi apparatus

    • Stored in the central vacuole

    Correct Answer
    A. Studded with ribosomes
    Explanation
    Rough ER is described as "studded with ribosomes" because it contains ribosomes attached to its surface. These ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. The rough appearance of the ER is due to the presence of these ribosomes.

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  • 25. 

    Which phrase best describes the property of selective permeability?

    • Some molecules pass

    • All ions pass

    • Large molecules pass

    • All molecules pass

    Correct Answer
    A. Some molecules pass
    Explanation
    Selective permeability refers to the property of a membrane or barrier that allows only certain molecules or ions to pass through while restricting the passage of others. In this case, the correct answer "some molecules pass" accurately describes selective permeability as it implies that only a subset of molecules is able to pass through the membrane or barrier, while others are not able to pass.

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  • 26. 

    Which organelles supply energy to the cell?

    • Ribosomes

    • Centrosomes

    • Mitochondria

    • Vacuoles

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondria
    Explanation
    Mitochondria are the organelles that supply energy to the cell. They are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate the majority of the cell's energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. This process involves breaking down glucose and other molecules to release energy. Mitochondria have their own DNA and can reproduce independently within the cell. They are found in large numbers in cells that require a lot of energy, such as muscle cells.

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  • 27. 

    An atom, radical or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge is called a(n) ___.

    • Ion

    • Element

    • Atom

    • Non-polar molecule

    Correct Answer
    A. Ion
    Explanation
    An ion is a particle that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge. It can be an atom, radical, or molecule. This charge imbalance is caused by the transfer of electrons between atoms, leading to the formation of positive ions (cation) or negative ions (anion). The correct answer is ion.

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  • 28. 

    What gives water many properties that are important to living things?

    • Temperature

    • Hydrogen bonds

    • Density

    • Specific heat

    Correct Answer
    A. Hydrogen bonds
    Explanation
    Hydrogen bonds give water many properties that are important to living things. Hydrogen bonds are formed between the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule. This bonding gives water its high boiling point, which allows it to exist as a liquid at temperatures suitable for life. Hydrogen bonds also give water its unique ability to dissolve many substances, making it an excellent solvent. Additionally, hydrogen bonds contribute to water's high surface tension, which allows for capillary action and the movement of water through plants.

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  • 29. 

    Which of the following is a network of proteins that supports and gives shape to a cell?

    • Cytoskeleton

    • Cytoplasm

    • Vesicles

    • Vacuoles

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoskeleton
    Explanation
    The cytoskeleton is a network of proteins that provides structural support and shape to a cell. It is responsible for maintaining the cell's shape, organizing its internal components, and facilitating cell movement. The cytoskeleton is composed of three main types of protein filaments: microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. These filaments work together to give the cell its structure and allow it to carry out its functions.

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  • 30. 
    What structure is labeled C? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled C?

    • Nucleus

    • Mitochondrion

    • Rough E.R.

    • Smooth E.R.

    Correct Answer
    A. Rough E.R.
    Explanation
    Structure C is labeled as rough E.R. because it is characterized by the presence of ribosomes on its surface. The rough E.R. is responsible for protein synthesis and modification. It plays a crucial role in the production of proteins that are either secreted or embedded in the cell membrane. The ribosomes on the rough E.R. allow for the direct transfer of newly synthesized proteins into the lumen of the E.R. for further processing and sorting.

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  • 31. 

    The smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means is a(n) ___.

    • Cell

    • Atom

    • Element

    • Compound

    Correct Answer
    A. Atom
    Explanation
    An atom is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means. It is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Atoms combine to form molecules and compounds, but they themselves cannot be further broken down into simpler substances through chemical reactions. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of living organisms, elements are substances made up of only one type of atom, and compounds are substances made up of two or more different types of atoms bonded together.

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  • 32. 

    The processes of mitosis and cytokinesis produce two identical ___.

    • Daughter cells

    • Strands

    • Chromosomes

    • Chromatids

    Correct Answer
    A. Daughter cells
    Explanation
    The processes of mitosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of two identical daughter cells. During mitosis, the cell's nucleus divides, and the replicated chromosomes are evenly distributed to each daughter cell. Cytokinesis then occurs, where the cytoplasm divides, separating the two daughter cells. These daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell, containing the same number and type of chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is daughter cells.

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  • 33. 

    What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

    • Communicate with other cells

    • Convert solar energy to chemical energy

    • Process and deliver proteins

    • Copy genetic material

    Correct Answer
    A. Process and deliver proteins
    Explanation
    The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and delivering proteins within a cell. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them, and packages them into vesicles for transport to their final destinations. This process involves adding sugars and other molecules to the proteins to modify their structure and function. Therefore, the main function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and deliver proteins within the cell.

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  • 34. 

    Which word best describes the structure of the cell membrane?

    • Layered

    • Rigid

    • Nonpolar

    • Impermeable

    Correct Answer
    A. Layered
    Explanation
    The word "layered" best describes the structure of the cell membrane because it is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. This bilayer consists of two layers of phospholipids arranged with their hydrophilic (water-loving) heads facing outward and their hydrophobic (water-fearing) tails facing inward. This layered structure provides stability and acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

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  • 35. 
    Identify the type of cell shown in Figure 3.1. - ProProfs

    Identify the type of cell shown in Figure 3.1.

    • Bacterial

    • Animal

    • Prokaryotic

    • Eukaryotic

    Correct Answer
    A. Eukaryotic
    Explanation
    The cell shown in Figure 3.1 is identified as eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by having a true nucleus that contains genetic material enclosed within a nuclear membrane. They also have other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus. This distinguishes them from prokaryotic cells, which do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. The term "bacterial" refers to a specific type of prokaryotic cell, and "animal" is a broad category that includes both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

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  • 36. 

    Mitochondria and chloroplasts are both sites of ___.

    • Energy conversion.

    • Lipid manufacturing.

    • Photosynthesis.

    • Protein synthesis.

    Correct Answer
    A. Energy conversion.
    Explanation
    Mitochondria and chloroplasts are both organelles involved in energy conversion. Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, where they convert nutrients into ATP, the main energy currency of cells. Chloroplasts, on the other hand, are found in plant cells and are responsible for photosynthesis, where they convert sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Therefore, both organelles play a crucial role in the conversion of energy within cells.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following is a characteristic of anaphase?

    • Nuclear membrane breaks down.

    • Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

    • Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.

    • The cytoplasm splits.

    Correct Answer
    A. Sister chromatids are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.
    Explanation
    During anaphase, the sister chromatids, which are identical copies of each chromosome, are separated and pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. This is achieved by the spindle fibers attached to the centromeres of the sister chromatids, which contract and shorten, generating the force necessary to move the chromatids apart. This process ensures that each daughter cell receives an equal and complete set of chromosomes during cell division.

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  • 38. 

    Which of the following molecules found in the food we eat is most commonly broken down to make ATP (providing us with the most readily available energy)?

    • Carbohydrates

    • Lipids

    • Proteins

    • Vitamins

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbohydrates
    Explanation
    Carbohydrates are the molecules found in the food we eat that are most commonly broken down to make ATP, providing us with readily available energy. Carbohydrates are easily converted into glucose, which is then used by the cells to produce ATP through cellular respiration. Lipids and proteins can also be broken down for energy, but carbohydrates are the preferred source as they are more efficiently metabolized. Vitamins, on the other hand, do not provide energy directly but are essential for various metabolic processes in the body.

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  • 39. 

    Unlike a eukaryoteic cell, a prokaryotic cell does not have...

    • DNA.

    • A nucleus.

    • Cytoplasm.

    • A cell membrane.

    Correct Answer
    A. A nucleus.
    Explanation
    A prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus. This is because prokaryotic cells are simpler and lack a distinct membrane-bound nucleus. Instead, their DNA is found in a region called the nucleoid, which is not enclosed by a membrane. In contrast, eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus that houses their DNA, which is separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane. The absence of a nucleus in prokaryotic cells allows for a more direct interaction between the genetic material and the cellular machinery.

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  • 40. 
    What type of cell is this? - ProProfs

    What type of cell is this?

    • Bacterial cell

    • Animal cell

    • Prokaryote cell

    • Eukaryote cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Eukaryote cell
    Explanation
    This cell is classified as a eukaryote cell because it contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryote cells are found in organisms belonging to the domain Eukarya, which includes plants, animals, fungi, and protists. In contrast, prokaryote cells, such as bacterial cells, lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Animal cells are a type of eukaryote cell, but the question specifically asks for the type of cell, not the organism it belongs to.

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  • 41. 
    What structure is labeled B? - ProProfs

    What structure is labeled B?

    • Nucleus

    • Mitochondrion

    • Rough E.R.

    • Smooth E.R.

    Correct Answer
    A. Smooth E.R.
    Explanation
    The structure labeled B is the smooth E.R. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification of drugs and toxins, and calcium storage. It lacks ribosomes on its surface, which gives it a smooth appearance. The other options, such as nucleus, mitochondrion, and rough E.R., do not match the description of the structure labeled B.

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  • 42. 

    The four main types of carbon-based molecules in organisms are carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and ___.

    • Starches

    • Fatty acids

    • Proteins

    • Monosaccharides

    Correct Answer
    A. Proteins
    Explanation
    Proteins are the fourth main type of carbon-based molecules in organisms. They are large, complex molecules made up of amino acids and play a crucial role in various biological processes. Proteins are involved in structural support, enzymatic reactions, transport, immune response, and many other functions in living organisms. They are essential for the growth, development, and functioning of cells and tissues.

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  • 43. 

    A(n) ___ forms when atoms share a pair of electrons.

    • Covalent bond

    • Ionic bond

    • Hydrogen bond

    • Savings bond

    Correct Answer
    A. Covalent bond
    Explanation
    A covalent bond forms when atoms share a pair of electrons. In this type of bond, the electrons are shared between the atoms, creating a strong bond that holds the atoms together. This sharing of electrons allows both atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration, making the bond very stable. Covalent bonds are commonly found in molecules and compounds made up of nonmetals.

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  • 44. 

    Which phrase best describes an organ system?

    • A group of organs that work together

    • A group of specialized cells that form organs

    • A group of tissues that perform a function

    • A group of cells that differentiate at the same rate.

    Correct Answer
    A. A group of organs that work together
    Explanation
    An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform specific functions in the body. Each organ within the system has a specific role, and they collaborate to carry out complex processes necessary for the body's survival. This answer accurately describes the concept of an organ system and distinguishes it from other options such as specialized cells, tissues, or cells differentiating at the same rate.

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  • 45. 

    All of the following are stages of Interphase except ___.

    • G1

    • S

    • G2

    • M

    Correct Answer
    A. M
    Explanation
    The stages of the cell cycle are G1, S, G2, and M. Interphase is the longest stage of the cell cycle and includes G1, S, and G2. During G1, the cell grows and carries out normal metabolic activities. In S phase, DNA replication occurs. G2 is the final stage of interphase, where the cell prepares for cell division. M phase, or mitosis, is the stage where the cell divides into two daughter cells. Therefore, the correct answer is M because it is not a stage of interphase, but rather a stage of the cell cycle that follows interphase.

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  • 46. 

    What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

    • Convert solar energy to chemical energy

    • Communicate with other cells

    • Process and deliver proteins

    • Copy genetic material

    Correct Answer
    A. Process and deliver proteins
    Explanation
    The Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and delivering proteins within the cell. It receives proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them by adding sugars, lipids, or other molecules. It then packages the modified proteins into vesicles and sends them to their appropriate destinations within or outside the cell. This process ensures that proteins are properly folded, modified, and transported to their required locations, allowing them to perform their specific functions in the cell.

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  • 47. 

    A(n) ___ is a pure substance made of only one kind of atom.

    • Element

    • Compound

    • Atom

    • Ion

    Correct Answer
    A. Element
    Explanation
    An element is a pure substance made of only one kind of atom. This means that all atoms in an element have the same number of protons in their nucleus. Elements are the building blocks of matter and cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions. Examples of elements include hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon. Compounds, on the other hand, are made up of two or more different elements chemically combined. Atoms and ions are not pure substances but rather the fundamental particles that make up elements and compounds.

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  • 48. 

    A(n) ___ is a substance in which a solute dissolves and is in greatest concentration in a solution.

    • Solute

    • Solvent

    • Acid

    • Base

    Correct Answer
    A. Solvent
    Explanation
    A solvent is a substance in which a solute dissolves and is in greatest concentration in a solution. In a solution, the solute is the substance that is being dissolved, while the solvent is the substance that does the dissolving. The solvent is usually present in larger amounts compared to the solute, which is why it is in greatest concentration in the solution.

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  • 49. 
    Which stage of mitosis is illustrated on the right? - ProProfs

    Which stage of mitosis is illustrated on the right?

    • Prophase

    • Metaphase

    • Telophase

    • Anaphase

    Correct Answer
    A. Metaphase
    Explanation
    The correct answer is metaphase because in the image, the chromosomes are aligned along the center of the cell, forming a metaphase plate. This is a characteristic feature of metaphase in mitosis, where the chromosomes are fully condensed and ready to be separated into two daughter cells.

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  • Aug 01, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 04, 2016
    Quiz Created by
    Christopher Mack
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