Even The Best Neurologists Cannot Crack This Quiz!

73 Questions | By Alfredhook3 | Updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Attempts: 136

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Even The Best Neurologists Cannot Crack This Quiz! - Quiz

Neurology is the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of disorders of the nervous system. The nervous system is a complex, sophisticated system that regulates and coordinates body activities. It has two major divisions: Central nervous system: the brain and spinal cord. This is a neurology quiz Even the best Neurologists cannot crack! ALL THE BEST!

Questions and Answers

1.

Approximately how many areas of the brain have a visual function
- A.
  
  45
- B.
  
  5
- C.
  
  2
- D.
  
  76
2.

What percentage of the brain has a visual function
- A.
  
  60%
- B.
  
  20%
- C.
  
  75%
- D.
  
  45%
3.

Which of the following is the correct order for the number of variations of cells in the retina from most to least
- A.
  
  Amacrine > ganglion > bipolar > photorecepotors
- B.
  
  Ganglion > amacrine > bipolar > horizontal
- C.
  
  Amacrine > ganglion > horizontal > photoreceptors
- D.
  
  Amacrine > bipolar > ganglion > photoreceptors
4.

Which of the following cells is most photosensitive to Red light
- A.
  
  L cones
- B.
  
  M cone
- C.
  
  S cone
- D.
  
  Rods
5.

Organize the following cellular functions into where in the cell they are performed for MOST OUTER to MOST INNER. 1. energy production. 2. activation of protein by light. 3. protein manufacturing. 4. contains cellular DNA. 5. transports ions and proteins 6. releases NT's
- A.
  
  2, 5, 1, 3, 4, 6
- B.
  
  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
- C.
  
  3, 2, 1, 4, 6, 5
- D.
  
  2, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6
6.

Rhodopsin makes up ~ ___________ % of entire disc in a rod
- A.
  
  50
- B.
  
  25
- C.
  
  80
- D.
  
  75
7.

Which of the following is true regarding the environment inside a photoreceptor disc
- A.
  
  High [Na⁺]
- B.
  
  low [Na⁺]
- C.
  
  High [K⁺]
- D.
  
  Low [K⁺]
8.

Which of the following characteristics is true regarding photoreceptor cilium
- A.
  
  Cilium consists of 9 double microtubules that aid in the transportation of ions and newly made proteins
- B.
  
  Ciulium consists of 9 double microfilaments that aid in the transportation of ions and newly made proteins
- C.
  
  Cilium consists of 9 double microtubules that aid in the removal of discs at the end of their life cycle
- D.
  
  The cilium is a performs motor function to aid the photoreceptor in motility
9.

Regarding photoreceptors; as you move eccentrically from the fovea, which of the following would be true (select all that apply)
- A.
  
  Cone inner segment diameter increases with increasing eccentricity
- B.
  
  You would find no cones in the periphery
- C.
  
  Rods increase in population eccentrically
10.

Which of the following glial cells spans the entire retina (through all the layers)
- A.
  
  Muller's cells
- B.
  
  Oligodendrocytes
- C.
  
  Type I astrocyte
- D.
  
  Type II astrocyte
- E.
  
  Type III astrocyte
11.

Which of the following cells would you likely NOT find in the retina but WOULD FIND in the optic nerve
- A.
  
  Oligodendrocytes
- B.
  
  Astrocytes
- C.
  
  Photoreceptors
- D.
  
  Muller cells
- E.
  
  Ganglion cells
12.

What are the 2 functions of astrocytes in the retina
- A.
  
  Help hold blood vessels in place
- B.
  
  Control blood flow out of vessels
- C.
  
  Form the blood brain barrier
- D.
  
  Provide myelination to RGC axons
13.

Why do we have so many vertical rod pathways????
- A.
  
  Allows rods to have an expanded range of response capabilities under different lighting conditions
- B.
  
  Allows rods to have one uniform response to all light levels
- C.
  
  Allows for cones to have isolated pathways without input from rods
- D.
  
  I dont know, they just do!
14.

Which of the following is NOT a vertical rod pathway
- A.
  
  Rod --> rod ON bipolar cell --> A2 amacrine cell --> cone ON bipolar cell --> On ganglion cell
- B.
  
  Rod --> rod bipolar cell --> A2 amacrine cell ---> cone OFF gc via glycine synapse
- C.
  
  Rod ---> cone (gap junction) ---> on and off bipolar cell ---> on and off ganglion cell
- D.
  
  Rod --> off cone bipolar cell --> off cone ganglion cell
- E.
  
  Rod ---> OFF rod bipolar cell --> A2 amacrine cell --> OFF rod ganglion cell
15.

Which of the following cell bodies would be located in the distal INL, nearest the photoreceptors
- A.
  
  Horizontal cell bodies
- B.
  
  Photoreceptor cell bodies
- C.
  
  Amacrine cell bodies
- D.
  
  Interplexiform cell bodies
16.

Which of the following horizontal cell types projects to the fewest rods
- A.
  
  H1
- B.
  
  H2
17.

Which of the following ganglion cells may have a direct connection to mostly rods and aids in the function of visuomotor reflexes in animals
- A.
  
  Biplexiform-GC
- B.
  
  Alpha-GC
- C.
  
  Beta-GC
- D.
  
  Gamma-GC
- E.
  
  ON - rod ganglion cell
18.

Which of the following cells is responsible for the receptive field surround of ganglion cells
- A.
  
  Horizontal cells
- B.
  
  Ganglion cells
- C.
  
  Photoreceptors
- D.
  
  Bipolar cells
- E.
  
  Biplexiform cell s
19.

In the fovea; of the information that reaches the ganglion cells, what percentage is from amacrine cells directly
- A.
  
  50%
- B.
  
  25%
- C.
  
  33%
- D.
  
  90%
20.

Which of the following was discovered to be primarily involved with the changes that occur in the receptive fields of ganglion cells with dark adaptation?
- A.
  
  Interplexiform neurons
- B.
  
  Ganglion cells
- C.
  
  Amacrine cells
- D.
  
  Horizontal cells
21.

Which of the following would be an appropriate reason why your visual acuity is decreased when going from photopic conditions to scotopic conditions
- A.
  
  Increased receptive field size
- B.
  
  Decreased receptive field size
22.

Which of the following would NOT be an expected number of invaginations of a cone pedicle in which horizontal cells and bipolar cells can synapse
- A.
  
  29
- B.
  
  14
- C.
  
  20
- D.
  
  24
- E.
  
  19
23.

Which one of the following pairs of cells CANNOT communicate within/on a given cone pedicle
- A.
  
  Horizontal cell <--> midget bipolar cell
- B.
  
  Horizontal cell <--> Horizontal cell
- C.
  
  Cone <--> midget bipolar cell
- D.
  
  Cone<--> flate bipolar cell
24.

What are the 2 parts of a ribbon synapse
- A.
  
  Synaptic lamellae
- B.
  
  Arciform density
- C.
  
  Arciform lamellae
- D.
  
  Synaptic density
25.

Typically how many invaginating rod bipolar cells are found in a spherule?
- A.
  
  2
- B.
  
  1
- C.
  
  3
- D.
  
  None rods don't have spherules